During the 1930´s the hot potato for the Swedish lighting associations were how to create the most suitable light for every situation, either for industries, offices or homes. The light bulb were the most frequently used source of light but due to limitied luminous intensity, big halls sometimes required up to hundreds of light bulbs to produce the right amount of light. Two kinds of different lights, by different reasons, can be titled the predecessors of the fluorescent lighting during the 1930´s: The volfram-filament tube light due to its estetic similarities and the electric discharge (mercury- and sodium-) lamps due to its technical resemblance. Even though they came in quite wide use (the volfram tube in public halls (e. g.

This thesis in social anthropology is based on the inner essence, manifestations and tendencies of Scottish nationalism and regionalism. The thesis intends to investigate how Scottish nationalism and regionalism are related to each other. It is meant to highlight the meaning of the Wallace-myth for maintenance of the Scottish national consciousness and to illuminate factors lying behind this myth. It is also meant to study how Turner, Lévi-Strauss, Anderson, Eriksen, Hobsbawm and Hettne?s theories work in the Scottish field.

Uppsatsen har undersökt hur ett antal textbaserade utbildningsmaterial avsedda för utbildning inom företagsvärlden utformas i förhållande till olika sätt att förstå och tolka innehåll. De teorier som används som utgångspunkt i undersökningen har varit Howard Gardners inlärningsteori om multipla intelligenser, samt Stuart Halls kommunikationsteori Encoding/decoding. Undersökningen har omfattat tre utbildningsmaterial som används vid Södra Cell Mönsterås som tillverkar pappersmassa, där jag undersökt en teoribok avsedd för utbildning av truckförare, en internhandbok i grundläggande datakunskap samt ett textmaterial avsett för att öka personalens kunskap om hur produktionen av pappersmassa går till. Undersökningen har gjorts i form av fallstudier där varje utbildningsmaterial har blivit ett separat fall. Analysen av materialen har genomförts i form av en riktad innehållsanalys baserad på Gardners multipla intelligenser, i syfte att finna svar på vilka intelligenser som var representerade i utbildningsmaterialet. Utifrån det resultat som analysen gav förde jag ett hermeneutiskt teorietiskt resonemang med utgångspunkt i Halls teori Encodin/decoding i hur brukarna av materialet skulle kunna tolka innehållet, beroende på faktorer som förkunskaper i ämnet och kulturell/social bakgrund. Resultatet av analysen visa att endast ett fåtal intelligenser blev representerade i de olika materialen.

Gravitational lenses are unlike ordinary optical lenses, a phenomenon corrupting our optical view of the cosmos. When we look out intospace we see celestial bodies lying with astronomical distance from Earth. There is no guarantee that what we see out there in space is actually there where we are observing it, and it may be that we see multiple images of the same star! Studies have shown that thenumber of distorted images of an n-mass (n > 1) plane lens can not exceed 5(n -1) for lighter lenses or 5n for more massive lens. This mathematical thesis covers gravitational lensing and their properties that distort light rays coming towards us from distant celestial bodies. In addition of gravitational lensing, its properties and the proof of the maximum number of distorted images, a bigger part of this work even cover two very interesting mathematical tools - the so-called Schwarz function and Bezout theorem..

The aim in this project was to spread play in the city and acrossgenerations. My way of approaching this challenge was to explore theborderland between playground equipment and street furniture. Thisopened up many possibilities to afford play in places where playgroundequipment often is excluded.The goal was to create one, or more, furniture with play value. The targetgroup was all vivasious people spending time in the public outdoorspace. Through user studies, a lot of serious playing and a lot of testing,the project resulted in a bench called Rollin´.

Syfte: Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att undersöka hur genus representeras och hur feministisk kritik syns i Disneyfilmerna Mulan och Frost. Arbetet behandlar kopplingen till tidigare Disneyfilmer och stereotypa framställningar av manligt och kvinnligt. Det utgår från ett genusperspektiv som tar hänsyn till könsroller som är resultatet av sociala konstruktioner.Metod: Filmerna har studerats i sin helhet och sedan har specifika scener och sekvenser valts ut för närmare studie. De har analyserats utifrån Selby och Cowderys modell för narrativ analys i boken How to Study Television (1995). Analysen för bägge filmerna är uppdelad i tre delar som behandlar både sekvenser som sträcker sig över hela filmerna och enskilda scener.Teori: Eve Kosofsky Sedgwicks (1999) och Halls (1997) definitioner av genus har legat som grund för arbetet, men även Halls (1997) beskrivning av representation, Gills (2007) redogörelse för feminism och Davis (2006) genomgång av tidigare framställningar av manligt och kvinnligt i Disneyfilmer samt annan relevant litteratur tas upp.Resultat och slutsats: Jag fann att filmerna försökte vara nyskapande i sin framställning av kvinnor, men att teman som exempelvis vikten av att hitta en man fortfarande var grundläggande.

This thesis aimed to, with the help of a case study, investigate and discuss state responsibility towards climate refugees. The state of Tuvalu was selected because of their vulnerability as a low-lying island state. This was fulfilled by on-site study how the state Tuvalu acted to climate threats, determine if the future migrants from Tuvalu can be counted as climate refugees and find out if they are by that definition included by the UN Refugee Convention. The result indicated that the state of Tuvalu is adapting to climate threats, that in the future the population can be seen as climate refugees, if they are forced from their homes due to climate change, and that they, despite that definition, can not be included by the UN Refugee Convention. The study also indicates a need for greater international protection of climate refugees by, for example, an expansion of the UN Refugee Convention so that these vulnerable people do not fall into oblivion due to a question of definition..

Den här etnologiska uppsatsen undersöker hur Ikea och Volvo reproducerar en svensk identitet genom sin marknadsföring. Detta görs genom en semiotisk innehållsanalys av två reklamfilmer från 2013 och 2014 från Volvo, samt genom fältobservationer på Ikeas varuhus i Kungens Kurva, Stockholm. Uppsatsens teoretiska utgångspunkter bygger på Stuart Halls resonemang kring representationer, samt tidigare forskning kring nationell identitet. I den semiotiska innehållsanalysen undersöks hur varumärkena använder sig av tecken, symboler och ikoner som fungerar som representationer av en svensk identitet, representationer som är budskapsbärare av normer, värderingar och mening. Undersökningen visar att varumärken som Ikea och Volvo upprätthåller, reproducerar och konstituerar en föreställning om en svensk identitet och därmed även den nationella gemenskapen..

SyfteDenna studie syftar till att undersöka privatpersoners uppfattningar om Rosa Bandet-kampanjen. Den underliggande teorin i studien är Stuart Halls encoding/decoding-modell. De metoder som använts för undersökningen är fokusgrupper kombinerat med en kampanjanalys med utgångspunkt i Lars Palms synsätt om budskapsstrategier. Materialet som studerats är fyra olika kampanjmaterial, två filmer och två annonser, från Rosa Bandet-kampanjen mellan år 2011 och 2014. Studien är en kvalitativ mottagarstudie, vilket innebär att mottagarnas uppfattning och tolkning varit det centrala i undersökningen.ResultatEfter en inkodningsundersökning av Rosa Bandets kampanjmaterial och en avkodningsundersökning genom en fokusgrupp har studien visat att privatpersoners uppfattningar i hög grad stämmer överens med hur Rosa Bandet-kampanjen vill uppfattas..

The Swedish Welfare Act § 4 says that "Animals must be kept and cared for in a good environment for animals and in such a way that promotes their health and allow them to behave naturally." Pigs in the wild spend 80% of their waking hours walking around and rooting for food, eating and exploring their environment with its snout. Fattening pigs in commercial farms spend 80% lying doing nothing. A lactating sow is lying down most of her day, and only 10-20% of the body surface is in contact with the floor, so the pressure is high on these spots. Piglets lie down and paddle with their legs, with high liquid content in the tissues, several times an hour, to stimulate and massage the sow's udder. In the existing system, these individuals are held more often on floors that are anything but inviting to sleep on.

The abrupt and early weaning of intensively kept lambs may have serious animal welfare implications, but relatively little is known about this. Weaning includes the breaking of the mother-young bond and abrupt replacement of milk by solid food, often coinciding with changes in the (social) environment. Altogether, these changes are likely to affect lamb welfare significantly. This study aimed to establish how strong and persistent lamb welfare is impaired following abrupt weaning by means of measuring behaviour parameters indicative of affective state. Also, we investigated the existence of a diurnal rhythm in play behaviour, which is considered an important indicator of positive affect and good welfare.

The company LightLift Esystems AB manufactures patented motorized lift systems for the illumination of halls with high ceilings. The company wants a new design for singular heavy lights in order to be more competitive.This project consists of the development of the new design under the requirements and specifications imposed by the company. The new design must support lights up to 300kg and keep the overall dimensions as low as possible without modifying the driving unit.This document contains all the designing steps followed to reach the final solution as well as the material selection, manufacturing process and assembly of all the parts that form it.The solution obtained shows to be very competitive with other alternative products, since this new design triples their maximum load capacity while the dimensions are very similar.In this context, the optical appearance was also very important to the company and so it was another main objective of this project. From an aesthetical point of view, the final solution proves to be very compact and versatile since it can either be hidden behind a false ceiling or covered by a plastic case that gives the design a very nice look.Finally, the solution achieved fulfils all the requirements and specification previously imposed. It is reliable, compact, cheap to manufacture, easy to assembly and it has a good optical appearance. .

The aim of the thesis is to investigate to what extent the pedagogy process has been affected by the close collaboration between librarians and teachers when it comes to education on the information search process. The thesis shows that the librarian is seen as an acting intermediate for information, and is regarded as a part of the learning process. The issues covered comprise of how students, teachers and librarians perceive that the students becomes information literate, how they perceive that the subject fields are covered, and how information has been transmitted, and how all this has been affected by the fact that the librarian is actually less available in person. Also, the following questions are discussed; how do librarians, teachers and students interact through the homepages of the course and "the landscape of studying"? And in what respect have the old library halls changed into that, which is available 24 hours a day, with different kinds of meeting opportunities where the search of information has been integrated with group projects? The foundation of this study is built on an evaluation of a project comprising of virtual study environment at the University of Linköping.

In this study the opioid buprenorphine was given to 8 clinically healthy goats. The pharmacokinetics and behavioral effects were studied. Injections of buprenorphine, 0.02 mg/kg body weight was given both intramuscularly (i.m.) and intravenously (i.v.) with a cross over design. The results showed a short half-life of the drug in the plasma, 65.9 ± 17.4 min (mean ± SD), after i.v. injection.

During the late 19: th century the park Tivoli in Halmstad, today called Norre Katts park, was known as one of the most beautiful amusementparks of southern Sweden. This is a description that hardly anyone would use to portray the park today. The aim of this study is therefore to investigate what the park once looked like and how it has changed until today?s neglected state. The history of the place and by who and for whom the park with; 4 ½ acers with meandering paths, caves, an avenue, leaf halls and bowers, was created. Who designed the park in the year of 1843 is an unrequited question.