Dagens dynamiska situation på marknaden sätter spår på den befintliga marknadsfilosofin med fokus på kommunikationen mellan företaget och konsumenten. Den moderna teknologin och Internet har utvecklats och blivit mer tillgängliga, vilket har bidragit till att den moderna konsumenten tillbringar en stor del av sin tid på Internet. De digitala nätverken och kommu-nikationen inom dem förändrar konsumentbeteenden och attityder, främjar konsumenters självständighet samt ger kontroll över köpbesluten. De här trenderna påverkar dagens detalj-handel, där konkurrensen och kampen om kundernas lojalitet ökar. Konventionella marknads-föringsstrategier föråldras snabbt under dagens förlopp och kräver mer kreativitet och enga-gemang av företaget.

On the 26th of January 2010, the Supreme Administrative Court in Sweden gave five rulings which greatly affect the possibility to keep a close company within a family by transferring the ownership of the company to the next generation. The five rulings concern the interpretation of the prerequisite, same or similar activity, which can be found in section 57, clause 4 of the Swedish Income Tax Act.    The prerequisite is fulfilled when an entire or parts of a business is transferred to another close company and the receiving company?s business activity is within the framework of the transferring company?s business activity or when the companies have a similar connection. Depending on which shares that are being evaluated, the prerequisite can refer to both the shares in the receiving or the transferring company. When the prerequisite is fulfilled, a standardized amount of the business income will be taxed as capital gains and the surplus will be taxed as earned income.

Efter ett antal företagsskandaler bestämde sig Sverige för, som många andra länder, att utveckla en kod för bolagsstyrning. Den första kom att träda i kraft 2005 och 2008 började en reviderad version gälla. Svensk kod för bolagsstyrning är ett regelverk för företag registrerade på börsen. Den innehåller regler och rekommendationer om valberedning, styrelsesammansättningar och arbetsuppgifter för styrelser. I arbetet har vi velat ta reda på i vilket avseende bolag väljer att frångå koden och om detta skulle kunna leda till minskat förtroende för bolagen.

The economic policy of the Swedish Social Democrats has undergone major changes during the last thirty years. From using a so-called Keynesian policy to promote full employment in the economy, the Social Democrats have switched to a more monetaristic policy to promote low inflation instead. What I intend to do with this study is to see if the policy change also can be noticed in how the party describe their own policy. Have the Social Democrats been open and transparent with their change in priorities, or have they tried to hide this in their rhetoric?The purpose of this thesis is to examine if one can notice a change from a Keynesian to a monetaristic policy in the Social Democrat?s descriptions of their economic policy.

Rising complexity in the development of real-time systems has made it crucial to have reusable components and a more flexible way of configuring these components into a coherent system. Aspect-oriented system development (AOSD) is a technique that allows one to put a system?s crosscutting concerns into"modules"that are called aspects. Applying AOSD in real-time and embedded system development one can expect reductions in the complexity of the system design and development. A problem with AOSD in its current form is that it does not support predictability in the time domain.

Titel: Internationella relationer i innovativa miljöer ? en fallstudie av Mjärdevi Science Parks internationella arbeteFörfattare: Sergio QuiñonesAdress: Skrinnarvägen 7, 633 59 Eskilstuna | sergio.quinones@gmx.comKurs: Kandidatuppsats i marknadsföring, EFO 225Handledare: Angelina SundströmProblem: Hur kan svenska Science Parks genom internationella relationer utveckla sina processer och tjänster för att bättre stödja kunskapsutbyte och kommersialisering av innovationer?Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att beskriva Mjärdevi Science Parks internationella arbete ur ett marknadsföringsperspektiv.Metod: Kvalitativ fallstudie.Slutsatser: Mjärdevi Science Park arbetar internationellt för att främja regional tillväxt. Genom regional tillväxt bidrar man även till att öka Sveriges tillväxt och konkurrenskraft. Parkens motor och drivkraft är entreprenörerna och företagarna. Mjärdevi samarbetar och är engagerad i den globala organisationen IASP, Science Parks i andra länder, Exportrådet, företag och ambassader.

Feminist initiative ? an idea analysis.On the fourth of April in the year 2005 Feministic initiative (Fi) was created, it was an main response to the slow changes in the Swedish society, which claimed to establish an equal society. Equality has become one of the major indicators of a contemporary democratic society. The Swedish government has long proclaimed to reach this goal, but even though Sweden currently lies in the front among the democratic societies, while you consider equality issues, especially between the sexes, there is still a lot that need to be done in the Swedish society. Feministic initiative began as an organization and established a political party and participated in the election during the year 2006, but failed to reach a place in the parliament.

The purpose of this essay is to examine if the municipality has a real freedom of action to control the use of the land and the shaping of the buildings in a large and prestigious building project.In Karlstad there is now (2006) a large building project in form of a shopping mall. This project is in its final stage of completion and offers me a suitable case to examine. To undertake the purpose of the essay, the following research question is formulated:Do the municipality have a real freedom of action to control the use of the land and the shaping of the buildings in a large and prestigious building project as the Mitt I City project?In an attempt to examine the project and the planning process, three themes are applied. The first theme derives from the hypothesis that the part that initiate the process gets the upper hand as future discussions are taking place in relation to the original ideas.

Abstract?Political participation by the citizen?- Citizen proposals in Karlstad municipalityEssay in Political Science, C-levelAuthor: Tobias GustafssonTutor: Michele MichelettiIn Sweden the political parties are losing more and more of their members. That in combination with a tendency that the participation in the elections is getting lower is a problem for the representative and parliamentary political system in Sweden.In order to strengthen the democracy in Sweden and to make the gap between the citizens and the elected smaller there has been some democracy-projects. The purpose of these democracy-projects is to make the political participation by the citizens, between the elections, higher. One of them is ?citizen proposals to the municipality?.The purpose of this essay is to examine this democracy-project in order to see what influences it might have on the local democracy.

Essay in Political Science, C-level, by Camila Alvarez Cea, spring semester 2010. Tutor: Alf Sundin?Reality or a Political Mirage? ? A Study of the Swedish Press Views on the Health Insurance Reform in the USA? The purpose of this essay is partly to examine whether the picture that Swedish press presents of the health insurance reform in the US, which is part of the Patient Protection and Affordable Act bill, will be of crucial importance to the possibilities that the American population has to receive health insurance. The main research question is accordingly: ?Does the picture that Swedish press presents of the health insurance reform in the USA, seem like something that will be of radical importance to the possibilities of the population to receive healthcare?? The purpose is also to examine in which model (demand or market) the opinions of the Swedish press fits. This purpose will be answered by using three specific questions asking whether their opinions differ when it comes to three criterions: organization, financing/resources and delivery systems.

Abstract?Political participation by the citizen?- Citizen proposals in Karlstad municipalityEssay in Political Science, C-levelAuthor: Tobias GustafssonTutor: Michele MichelettiIn Sweden the political parties are losing more and more of their members. That in combination with a tendency that the participation in the elections is getting lower is a problem for the representative and parliamentary political system in Sweden.In order to strengthen the democracy in Sweden and to make the gap between the citizens and the elected smaller there has been some democracy-projects. The purpose of these democracy-projects is to make the political participation by the citizens, between the elections, higher. One of them is ?citizen proposals to the municipality?.The purpose of this essay is to examine this democracy-project in order to see what influences it might have on the local democracy.

Bakgrund: Flygtransportbranschen är hårt konkurrensutsatt genom stark etablering av lågprisbolag. Därtill har händelser såsom terrordådet i New York och SARS påverkat marknaden negativt; branschen har dessutom drabbats av förändrat kundbeteende, bland annat hos privatkunder, och flygbolagen finner det allt svårare att förutse kundernas köp. En medvetenhet om att resenärerna ser priset som en primär faktor vid val av flygbolag finns, men det har visat sig svårt att identifiera andra faktorer.Syfte: Syftet med denna uppsats är att öka förståelsen för privatresenärers köpbeteende vid val av flygbolag. Vidare skall vi genom detta dra slutsatser om faktorer som påverkar kundtroheten inom flygtransportbranschen.Genomförande: Uppsatsen bygger på kvalitativ metod, där empirisk rådata har insamlats genom 48 intervjuer med privatresenärer, fyra intervjuer med anställda på marknadsavdelningen på Scandinavian Airlines Sverige AB och en oberoende intervju med en professor vid Handelshögskolan i Stockholm.Resultat: Våra resultat bekräftar prisets betydelse vid val av flygbolag, men utöver detta har vi kunnat se ett antal för privatresenären värdeskapande faktorer, bland annat personalens bemötande, som påverkar valet av flygbolag. För att beskriva privatresenärernas köpbeteende har vi utvecklat en anpassad behovshierarki för flygtransportbranschen baserat på Maslow, där olika värdeskapande faktorer beskrivs.

Syftet med denna uppsats är att bidra till forskingen om konsumenters beteende kring varumärken. Det bidrag som denna uppsats ger till tidigare forskning är att den identifierar ett samband mellan konsumentens behov av varumärken (Need for Brand, NFB), varumärkesupplevelse (Brand Experience) och varumärkstillknytning (Brand Attachment). Detta sätts även i relation till varumärkeseffekter som tillfredställelse (Brand Satisfaction), lojalitet (Brand Loyalty) och viljan att betala ett premium pris för varumärken (Premium Price). Genom att kartlägga sambandet mellan dessa tidigare utforskade variabler skänker denna uppsats ett större djup till tidigare varumärkesforskning.NFB är ett område som det idag finns begränsade forskning om. Genom att belysa NFB i relation till de andra variablerna, lyfter uppsatsen konsumentens perspektiv i sammanhanget samtidigt som den betonar vikten för att företag också tar hänsyn till konsumentens behov.

Background:It is always fascinating to observe the events that affect the stock market, especially as the numbers of influencing factors are so many and various. Political elections are important events in society and affect the corporate environment in different ways depending on which political party that is in power. This brings up the question of whether political elections are important enough to affect the stock market; and it is this question we intend to analyse in this paper.Purpose:The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether political elections affect the stock market and to discuss the reasons for any possible affect that might be found.Procedure:An appropriate and thoroughly tested method to investigate if an event affects the stock market or not, is to do an event study. Subsequently we chose to do an event study on whether the Swedish general elections in 2002 and 2006 affected the Stockholm Stock Exchange. In order to give the analysis more depth we have also chosen to interview people with knowledge of the stock market.

The aim of this thesis is to analyse the conceptualisation of the social relations of class and gender within the Social Democratic Women?s Association during the period 1972 ? 1993, on the basis of their programmes for action. The analysis of the concepts is based on an ideology critical study focusing on the manifest ideology.The study is based upon the theoretical concepts of class and gender,  The class analysis is based upon the broadened concepts of class by Erik Olin Wright and Ira Katznelson. The gender analysis is mainly based upon a Marxist understanding and a critical point of view of Marxism and feminism in the context of patriarchy and capitalism.The period of the study is where the social democracy is challenged, both by radical socialism and feminist ideology and the economic crisis during the 1980?s, as well as the possible threat of an organised women?s party in Sweden.