This report is made as a literature review, focusing on the work done to increase understanding of efficiency in the categories of substations and secondary heating systems, with respect to the deviation from the theoretically possible cooling off in the distribution network as well as the economic benefit that appear. The main purpose of a considerable part of the literature used in this report addresses the issue of identifying individual causes of reduced cooling in district heating systems. These literature resources have been compiled and summarized as part of the report.The technology of district heating is associated with benefits such as better use of the energy in a fuel. This is the case of cogeneration plants where serial generation of electricity and thermal energy increases efficiency compared with the parallel generation where heat is generated locally and electricity is generated centrally. Serial generation thus allows for lower primary energy demand.

The Sweden Democrats achieved great progress in the latest election in the Swedish municipals. The party is now closer than ever concerning reaching the Swedish parliament. This thesis examines the Sweden Democrats in the Swedish municipals with the aim to find out which municipal factors that led to their progress. By looking at the percentage share of unemployment, the percentage share of foreigners, the percentage share of education, average income, traditional political colour, average age, criminality, early representation of a party hostile to foreigners, the municipal type and the sickliness in the municipals I find out which factors explain the progress of the Sweden Democrats. The thesis is an empirical quantitative study build on statistics by the help of regression analysis and diagrams.

Syftet med denna systematiska litteraturstudie har varit att se hur forskare ser på läxan i allmänhet och i synnerhet matematikläxan. Med ett fokus på vilka olika typer av läxor det finns både i allmänhet men även inom matematikämnet. Fokus har även legat på hur läxor i matematik påverkar elevers motivation och prestation i matematikämnet.  Studien består av tolv artiklar och rapporter som använts för att besvara frågeställningarna. Vi har fokuserat på studier gjorda på elever i årskurs 4-6, men har använt artiklar och rapporter som diskuterar andra årskurser om resultaten kunnat generaliseras till andra årskurser.

Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka vilka faktorer som är av betydelse för gymnasieelevers motivation till att studera i skolan. Forskning visar att motivation oftast undersöks via ett vuxenperspektiv och att eleverna sällan tillfrågas vad som motiverar dem att studera i skolan. man menar att eleverna själva bör tillfrågas om huruvida de anser sig motiveras eller vad som hindrar dem från att känna motivation i skolan. Tidigare forskning visar också att många elever motiveras och lär för andras skull och inte för sin egen. Studien har en fenomenologisk ansats där resultatet visar elevernas uppfattning av hur de motiveras i skolan.

Syftet med den här undersökningen är att studera vilken relation som finns mellan sammanhållning och motivation, prestation och kommunikation i en arbetsgrupp. För att undersöka detta har vi utgått ifrån två frågeställningar: vilken relation finns mellan gruppsammanhållningen och individens upplevelse av prestation och motivation i ett IT-företag? och vilken relation finns mellan gruppsammanhållning och kommunikation? Vi har svarat på våra frågeställningar utifrån nio semistrukturerade intervjuer gjorda i en arbetsgrupp på företaget Hewlett-Packard (HP) i Göteborg. Resultatet vi har fått fram genom intervjuerna har sedan analyserats utifrån relevanta, socialpsykologiska teorier och vi har i vår uppsats kommit fram till att sammanhållningen i stor utsträckning påverkar de enskilda individernas motivation, prestation och kommunikation. Vi har även kommit fram till att motivation, prestation och kommunikation i sin tur påverkar hur sammanhållningen utvecklas..

Tidigare forskning har visat att det finns ett samband mellan personlighetsdraget neuroticism och yttre motivation, a-motivation, låg självkänsla samt negativ affekt. Syftet med studien var att öka förståelsen för neuroticism som personlighetsdrag utifrån individernas motivationstyp, självkänsla samt individernas affektiva tillstånd. Studien undersökte även reliabiliteten hos instrumentet Mini-IPIP som har undersökt personlighetsdrag inom Big-five-teorin. Syftet testades med hjälp av fyra självskattningstester. Dessa var Mini-IPIP, Situational Motivation Scale (SIMS), Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS) samt Rosenbergs Self-esteem Scale (SES).

Background: Insufficient nutritional support is associated with prolonged hospitalisation, impaired wound healing and impaired survival for patients in intensive care. In severe sepsis and septic chock, calculation of nutritional need is complicated since the metabolism is affected by decease. Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate nutritional support and to examine the quality of nursing documentation of nutritional status and nutritional support in patient records in severe sepsis and septic chock.  Method: The study was conducted as a retrospective investigation where 64 patient records were studied. The quality of documentation was examined in 10 patient records using an examinational model.Findings: Calculation of average nutritional support showed insufficient supply particularly in the two first days of intensive care. During the next five days nutritional supply was higher but individual variation was seen, why a clear picture of nutritional support is hard to detect.

Syftet med föreliggande studie är att utforska vad några sångelever på estetiskt program på gymnasiet anser motiverar dem under sånglektionerna. Metoden som använts är kvalitativa, halvstrukturerade intervjuer. Fyra gymnasieelever vid det estetiska programmet har intervjuats om deras motivation relaterat till de sånglektioner de får på respektive skola. Det teoretiska perspektivet som studien baseras på är ett motivationspsykologiskt perspektiv. I resultatet presenteras temat Att känna sig ?bra? som summerar informanternas berättelser om den ökade motivation de upplever då de känner sig bra på att sjunga.

Nursing and care for the pregnant bitch and her neonatal puppies is an important part of the animal nursing profession either if it concerns normal reproductionphysiology, pregnancies, diseases or complications at home of the animalowner. This piece of work gives a guidance of what a Veterinary nurse at a clinic should have in mind while given treatments, complications and normal physiology with the bitch and her neonatal puppies in order to be able to perform a professional cooperation with the veterinary surgeon at emergency teatmentcases and to make the animal owners satisfied with enough knowledge to answer their questions about the subject..

The purpose of this thesis was, on the mission of LRF Konsult Södra marknadsområdet, to research on why their customers were satisfied and/or dissatisfied. The research was performed in two segments: customers that had joined the company through acquisitions of other accounting firms and customers that had been in contact with LRF Konsult?s personal sellers.To be able to find the answer to our purpose we chose to do a qualitative study. Five interviews were performed with customers in southern Sweden, Skåne and Halland, to get their personal view of the service and of their relation to LRF Konsult and their contact person.The theories suggested that the satisfaction of the customers would increase depending on their relation with LRF Konsult and their contact person. Our research concluded the relation differed for each customer and that it was of great importance that the contact person at LRF Konsult understood and adapted the relation to what the customer wanted.

The purpose of this litterature review is to illustrate the nursing care to patient with chronic pain. As a theoretic frame for this study we choose Aron Antonowsky. The results of this study are based on 8 scientific articles. The findings are presented in main categories and ideas. The findings show that chronic pain is a multidimensional phenomenon that influences peoples quality of life in a physical, psychological as well as social way.

The main purposes of this study were to 1) quantify bacterial production in winter during ice conditions, and 2) to compare these production measures with values measured from summer and open water conditions in three humic lakes situated in northern Sweden. Another purpose of this study was to 3) examine whether clear-cutting significantly affected bacterial production or water chemistry in two lakes situated in catchments were a large part of the forest had been removed through logging compared to an undisturbed reference lake. In winter (March/April 2014), the bacterial production ranged from 0, 7 - 2, 2 µgC/L/day and in the summer of 2013 the production values was 4 ? 10 times higher. The main reason for lower bacterial production in winter was ascribed to lower water temperatures as well as to older and more recalcitrant DOC, as there were no significant differences in total dissolved nitrogen or DOC concentration or -quality, that could explain a lower production compared to summer.

Genom att studera ledares motivation och tillfredsställelse i relation till motivationsteorin Self-Determination Theory (SDT) söktes stöd för undersökningens syfte och frågeställningar: hur respektive kön i ledarpositioner motiveras på arbetsplatsen i förhållande SDT ? om de är självbestämmande eller kontrollerade samt om det finns en relation mellan motivation och tillfredsställelse. Frågeformulär besvarades av 48 män och 93 kvinnor i olika ledarpositioner. Data analyserades i form av t-tester, ett Chi-Square-test, kategoriseringar samt ett beräknande av Work Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation Scale. Resultatet visade att den inre liksom den mest självbestämmande och minst kontrollerade motivationstypen motiverade mest utifrån självbestämmande profiler samt att det finns en relation mellan upplevelsen av motivation och tillfredsställelse.

As we dwell in the northern part of Europe, we who livethrough its gloomy winters need to find shelter in the warmthof our homes which cater to our well being. The object ofthis project lies in designing both a flexible, sturdy, and reliablepiece of furniture that yields to one?s intrinsic needs.The aim is to offer a piece of furniture that induces suchcomfort and exudes a feel good haven and refuge to each andevery one of us..

Given the turbulent situation in the Swedish media industry few researchers have turned towards the view of the situation from the perspective of the journalist who is in many ways under pressure. This study therefore aims to take this perspective by combining recent research in the media field with proven theories in the field of motivation. Through deep interviews with eight journalists active in the general news reporting area, the most important factors in terms of their motivation have been suggested and analyzed. There is a distinction between different types of motivation including intrinsic and extrinsic aspects. The intrinsic factors include investigational journalism and the social part of doing research.