This paper describes how radiation affects the body, the somatic and genetic effect that can occure in exposure of ionizing radiation and how to protect yourself against it. How radiation affects the cells and why you can get cancer if you get exposed of a large amount of radiation is mentioned. Research after a threshold is mentioned and what Sweden does today to improve the radiation protection by laws and regulations. Explaining the atom, what radiation is and how the ionizing radation interacts with the atom. How backscatter affect the picture and the workers and how to protect yourself from backscatter is mentioned. Radiation doses, dosimetry and rules for those who practise radiation is shortly described..

This is a final thesis in landscape planning, at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU). The study examines the current phenomenon of amenity migration and the international discourse applicability of the a "Countryside dream" in a small neighborhood in Käglinge, part of the transit-oriented community Oxie just outside of Malmö in the southern part of Sweden. The critical starting point of the study is the how many planners idealize the dense city with its positive proximity qualities. However, since the late 1900s, many people have instead started to idealize living in more rural or naturally appealing landscapes, often just outside a bigger city, with good transit possibilities (both by car and bus as well as by train). The phenomenon of amenity migration ? the migration to a new, more appealing everyday environment considered to have more amenities, is very relevant today since many smaller communities are becoming more transit-oriented, allowing the inmigrants to work in some bigger, dense town while living in a small-scale, less dense semi-rural community. More dense transit-oriented communities are however also an ideal to planners in Sweden, but to what extent can Käglinge in Oxie ? a neither rural nor urban community - fulfill a possible countryside dream, and what role does the train station have in the in-migrants everyday life? The study has a theoretical starting point in literature regarding amenity migration, countryside ideals, representations of the countryside and the possible migrants themselves, giving a broad perspective on these related issues. The case study of Käglinge in Oxie is then presented, including interviews with Käglinges in-migrants.

Background: Breastfeeding frequency decrease in Sweden and infants born preterm is a particularly vulnerable group to not be breastfed according to current recommendations. Mothers of preterm infants have an extra need of support from the health care system. Mothers' self-efficacy in breastfeeding affects the outcome of breastfeeding. Health professionals' attitudes to breastfeeding have an impact on the breast feeding support they provide to the mothers.Aim: To investigate whether an intervention could strengthen self-efficacy in breastfeeding among mothers of premature babies. A further aim was to investigate whether the intervention influenced health professionals' attitudes to breastfeeding.Method/Design: An experimental study with quantitative approach in the form of questionnaire survey was conducted.

This is an essay concerning the density of the city. An increasing amount of today?s cities have a shortage of space available for the erection of new buildings and settlements, especially in areas close to the city-centre. New buildings and settlements are therefore often found in the outskirts of the city, resulting in long distances between work and living for many people. These long distances are a waste of limited resources and are inconsistent with the vision of the sustainable city.The challenge for the future is to insert new buildings and settlements in the existing city-structure and in this way reduce the distances between different city-functions.The density of the city can be increased in two different ways; by inserting new buildings between existing ones or by extension existing buildings, for example by an additional floor.

This thesis concerns the mesolithic relation towards animals and hunting habits among people in Skateholm, Tågerup and Vedbæk - Bøgebakken. The aim is to look at the societies from a cultural point of view and demonstrate that the people living there identified themselves with animals and adapted their lives, their hunting and their burial customs according to rituals and believes concerning animals in their surroundings. The result is convincing and clearly shows that animals where treated differently in manors which can only be explained with specific cultural relations towards different kinds of animals..

This is a qualitative study made to find out individuals experience of life in the residential Kronoparken in Karlstad. The study is a part of a municipality supported project aiming to find points of improvement and work for the area's development. This study is a first step to hear in what way the residents themselves describe their neighborhood and their lives. A total of thirteen people participated in focus groups with semi-structured interviews as data collection and the study was based on an availability sample which in this case meant that citizens of the residential Kronoparken were asked to participate. Data were analyzed through thematic analysis and in the analysis three themes appeared that summed up what the participants talk about and emphasized most: a divided area, anticipation and valuation as well as a comfortable and healthy every day living.

Bakgrund: Cancer drabbar ca 50 000 personer varje år i Sverige. En vanligt förekommande behandling mot cancer är cytostatika. Cancerrelaterad fatigue definieras som en trötthet som uppkommer i samband med en cancersjukdom och som inte kan botas med vila eller sömn. Det är den mest förekommande biverkningen hos cytostatikabehandlade patienter och ger både psykiska, fysiska och ekonomiska konsekvenser. Farmakologiska behandlingar avsedda att lindra cancerrelaterad fatigue är kostsamma och medför biverkningar varför försiktighet rörande användandet av dessa bör iakttas.

Piles of deadwood are often retained in forests after management to support the biodiversity ofsaproxylic organisms which depend on deadwood to survive. Any knowledge about the crucial role ofpiles as suitable habitat of saproxylic organisms compared to single distributed deadwood objects thatare around the piles would help conservation actors to motivate more forest owners to supportsaproxylic organisms during their management. Therefore to give facts to this the saproxylic fauna ofdifferent pile positions (up and low) was studied and compared to distributed deadwood samplesaround each pile. Our study was focused on saproxylic beetles. Some other parameters such asdiameter, deadwood volume, pile volume and decay stage were assessed to define any effect.

In this thesis I try to examine the consumtion among people that are retired and therefore can be considered as being in the third age. This studie is carried out in Norrköping, with interviews of people living in or close to Norrköping. I have used theories about the third age, consumtion and the space of the city. I have examined the importance of the city space as a meeting place and where the elderly buy the things they need for there everyday life. I also try to examine if the things they buy has an importance that goes beyond the immediate use, such as communicating a persons status to others.

Bakgrund: Historiskt sett är begreppet cancer mycket laddat. Det har förknippats med mycket skuld,lidande utanförskap och död. En ökad förståelse för patienters olika strategier vid livshotandecancersjukdom kan hjälpa sjuksköterskan att stötta och styrka patienten. Sjuksköterskan kantillsammans med övrig sjukvårdspersonal hitta åtgärder som kompletterar patientens strategier för attfå styrka i sin hantering av livssituationen. Relevanta begrepp som beskrivits är palliativ vård, stress ochstressorer, distress och psykologisk distress samt Coping/copingstrategier.

Kungsmarken, a apartment area in Karlskrona has suffered the medias prying eye for decades. Today the area only maintains a very low position of status in the livinghierarchy in the community. The area in question was a part of the "Miljonprogrammet" and apperantly has suffered the same consequenses as similar areas since it was built. The onesided negative discourse that has persecuded areas of Miljonprogrammet, such as Kungsmarken, has put social problems as criminality, drugaddiction, dependancy on the social welfare system or cultural incompetence in the focus. The author´s previous understanding of the phenomena lies in private experience from living in Hjällbo, a similar area in Gothenburg also with the miljonprogram.

Background: One in three breastfeeding women sustain a chest complication. Many mothers feel that breastfeeding counselors have been the key to initiate and maintain the breastfeeding.Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate mothers? experiences of breastfeeding problems and the advice given from a breastfeeding clinic in a large Swedish city.Method: A qualitative interview study with an inductive approach was made. Ten mothers were interviewed through a semi-structured interview guide. Data were analyzed by using content analysis.Results: Three categories and six sub-categories of mothers' perceptions of breastfeeding pro- blems and the advice they got from the breastfeeding clinic were identified.

Recent statistic shows that about 28% of adolescents living in Stockholm drink alcohol at such a high level that their consumption counts as risky drinking. The correct term to use in this matter would be binge drinking adolescents.  In the more wealthy areas of Stockholm this group of binge drinking adolescents counts for as much as a third of the population. In contrast, the adolescents living in exposed areas do not drink nearly as much. Binge drinking adolescents in these areas only counts for 15%, nearly half as much as in the wealthy areas.In light of this the intentions of this study is to investigate which explanatory factors that can clarify the range-rated differences in binge drinking between adolescents in Stockholm.

- To be trapped in a roller-coaster That ?s how some of the patients are describing the situa- tion of living with heart failure. To be stuck in their home not knowing if they will have to seek care today and not knowing if they will have the energy to attend that birth- day party later this week.Each year 2-3% of the Swedish population are diagnosed with heart failure, which results in 30,000 new individu- als with the disorder. Cardiovascular disease is rapidly in- creasing in the world and before 2030, people with heart failure will increased by 100%. Our improved living condi- tions and better health have allowed us to grow older and made us more dependent on other types of care, care at home.Today the patients are only looking for changes in weight and if they have excessive water in their body.

Kungsmarken, a apartment area in Karlskrona has suffered the medias prying eye for decades. Today the area only maintains a very low position of status in the livinghierarchy in the community. The area in question was a part of the "Miljonprogrammet" and apperantly has suffered the same consequenses as similar areas since it was built. The onesided negative discourse that has persecuded areas of Miljonprogrammet, such as Kungsmarken, has put social problems as criminality, drugaddiction, dependancy on the social welfare system or cultural incompetence in the focus. The author´s previous understanding of the phenomena lies in private experience from living in Hjällbo, a similar area in Gothenburg also with the miljonprogram.