Piglet survival is a problem of great significance in pig production, affecting both animal welfare and economic aspects negatively. In Sweden it is illegal to use farrowing crates for sows on regular basis. To encounter this problem there is a proposal of an animal welfare program to allow the use of crates for sows during, and a number of days after, farrowing. The proposal aims to reduce piglet mortality and improve pig welfare. This present review aims to analyse how crating affects the welfare of sows, gilts and piglets as well as piglet mortality.

Reindeer husbandry and Forestry are both area related industries and will in big extent use the same lands. Conflicts often arise because of that the industries have different interests. Many of the activities done by the forestry influences the reindeer husbandry in an undesirable way, simultaneously as the reindeer husbandry activities can have negative consequences for the forestry. One such forestry activity is fertilization. It was during the 1960´s forest fertilization began to be practiced and the reason was that the increase in growth that the fertilization gave could be able to cover for the future shortage in wood many feared. During the 1970´s when the fertilizing activities were most intensive about 200 000 ha was fertilized annually.

Knowledge in reproduction in the Swedish lynx (Lynx lynx) is important forseveral reasons. Situated on top of the food chain, lynxes may be at risk of beingexposed to environmental toxins that could have adverse effect on reproduction.The population of lynxes is today managed by restricted hunting which demandsknowledge about both the lynxes numbers and their reproduction. In addition,lynxes may function as indicators of climate change for instance if their season ofheat would be earlier or prolonged due to a warmer climate. Today?s knowledgein reproduction in Swedish lynx is mainly based on information gathered fromradio collared animals.

Attack och farväl är ett historiografiskt arbete. I arbetet presenteras läsaren för grunderna till varför två till synes samstämmigt agerande individer kommer att skildras på högst olikartade vis. Som central gestalt för studien står upprorsledaren Erik Puke, och i diskussionerna lyfts även dennes allierade Engelbrekt upp för att visa på en kontrast i hur senare skildringar utformats. Analysen bygger på historiografisk litteratur från 1900-talet. Arbetets art är utformat till att fungera som en introduktion för vidare studier inom området..

It´s important when you are about to build a new stable or just increasing your production that you choose the right housing system and that it fits your own farm. In this study I have put together facts about different housing system for fattening bulls in order to get a clearer picture of witch system is the most suitable for my own farm depending on the conditions I have. The background of this work is my own interest for breeding bulls and I will hopefully increase my own production. Due to this I wanted to learn more and increase my knowledge about different housing systems. Through a literature study I have found out the facts about the housing systems I find suitable for housing bulls.

This study was carried out in Jordan with the purpose to investigate the bacterial microflora of egg shells from cage systems and from deep litter floor systems. Another aim wasto get a general impression of the hygiene, at farm level, of egg production in Jordan andthe factors affecting it.Eggs from two cage systems and three floor systems were analyzed, regarding bacterialcontamination of the egg shells. Egg samples were taken from the storage room, the eggcradle in the cage system and from the nest and floor in the floor system. To get a generalimpression of the hygiene at the farms, swab tests and air tests were performed. Swab testswere performed with a sterile cotton swab at the same units as the eggs were sampled andair tests were performed by opening petri dishes where the hens were staying.

Vilken roll spelar animation för gestaltbildning? Arbetet fokuserar på att ta reda på hur förenklingar av animationer påverkar gestaltbildning. Utifrån gestaltpsykologins idé med gestalter utvärderas tre animationer genom strukturerade intervjuer. De tre animationerna föreställde en självsäker gångstil som var uppdelad i tre steg,  enkel, mellan  och  komplex.  Studien  visade  tendenser  på  att  förenkling  av  animationer påverkar gestaltbildning. Resultatet kan agera som stöd för vidare studier i och med animationers  inverkan  i  gestaltbildning.  Kortsiktigt  kan  samma  test  göras  med  små förändringar    i    den    strukturerade    intervjuupplägg    eller    med    andra    sorters animationer.  I  det  långsiktiga  perspektivet  kan man behöva  se om  animationer har samma   roll   för   gestaltbildningen   i   ett   spel   som   de   har   i   exempelvis   en filmproduktion..

The Northern Raccoon (Procyon lotor) belongs to the Carnivore-family and is a species endemic to North America. Every year hundreds of orphaned raccoon cubs are admitted into the Wildlife Rehabilitation Center of Minnesota (WRCM), a non-profit organization where all injured or orphaned wild animals are admitted and receive quality health care with the goal of being released out into the wild. The WRCM routinely vaccinate all of the admitted raccoon cubs with a killed feline panleucopenia vaccine, but despite this there are outbreaks of parvovirus infection every year where up to 50% of the admitted cubs have been euthanized or died. The objective of this study was to determine whether vaccinating the admitted raccoon kits has any significant protective effect to developing clinical parvoviral disease. A single-blinded cohort study was designed with two parallel, independent groups. One group was given a dose of killed feline parvovirus vaccine at admission, and the other group was not given any vaccination at all. Assignment to the vaccinated or unvaccinated group was on a per-litter basis and done randomly by drawing lots out of a box.

Går det att se om en bild är komponerad efter regler? Genom en semistrukturerad undersökning via enkät har jag tagit reda på hur bilder upplevs som är antingen medvetet komponerade efter regler, eller komponerade på känsla efter subjektiv estetik. Jag har utforskat vad det i så fall är i bilderna som fångat betraktaren och vad de tolkar som genomtänkt och medvetet komponerat.  En fråga ha varit om fotointresserade personer har lättare för att urskilja de här två olika sätten att komponera en bild. Jag har undersökt vad det är i bilderna som tilltalar deltagarna och om reglerna avgör om en bild ska upplevas som bra och tilltalande eller om det finns något annat som har en större betydelse..

There are a great possibility to shorten the time between mowing and preservation by spreading of ley crops in connection to the conditioning. In this case the cellular respiration (the plants breeding that consume sugar until the crop is ensiled) should not continue as long and the forage will perhaps get a higher nutritional value. The capacity of the next machine could also be higher because the rake gives swaths with a lot of material. There is also a possibility that spreading of ley crops gives the material a more homogeneous content of dry matter and that gives a reduced growth of clostridium. This is particularly important when the method of harvest doesn?t include any mixing of the material like it does with a round baler or silagewagon.

During an investigation of animal welfare in animal production, the focus has for a long time been focused on the absence of stress, suffering and injuries, and positive emotions have not been prioritized. However, in recent years that has been drastically changed. The public interest have increased for buying animal products from animals that have had a decent life, which have led to that play, exploratory behavior and other positive behaviours has come to play a significant role in welfare assessment. The welfare of cattle is difficult to assess since there is currently no ancestors to study, it is thus difficult to determine which behaviors can be regarded as natural and thus positively related, acordingly the welfare of cattle have been forgotten and research on positive emotions of cattle have not been prioritized. The aim of this study was to observe which behavior growing cattle performe, and if there was any differences of which kind of behavior that was observed, if the cattle is keept on slatted floor or on a deep straw bedding. Furthermore, antoher purpose was to investigate if the observed behaviours indicate a positive, negative or natural welfare, and if it is possible to use the observed behaviours in a welfare assessment.

Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka och jämföra Djävulens funktion i dagens mest lättillgängliga och populära mediagenrer. I studien redogörs hur bilden av Djävulen uppstått med nedslag i Gamla testamentet fram till upplysningen. Mot denna bakgrund tolkas och analyseras hur och om denna gestalt återfinns i dagens mediasamhälle, med inriktning på filmerna Terror på Elm Street och 2012, tv-serien Lost och romanen Frankenstein av Mary Shelley. Huvudresultatet visar på att en kamp mellan det goda och det onda troligtvis all­tid kommer att förekomma och medan djävulsgestalten i och med upplysningen tappar infly­tande i kristendomen återfinns denne i diverse film, böcker och serier..

Weaning is one of the most critical events in the piglet production with problems such as growth check and post-weaning diarrhea as a result. The lighter the piglets are when the growth check occurs, the harder they have to get back to normal growth rate. Creep feeding of piglets is used to reduce the problems by increasing the weaning weight and adapting the digestive tract to a starter diet. Hodge (1974) showed that the sow?s milk can not provide enough nutrients for maximal growth rate.

The impact of the distribution in the soil volume of two farm manures on the net mineralization and immobilization processes of nitrogen were studied in an incubation experiment. Cattle slurry and broiler litter were placed in the soil with three procedures for incorporation including placement on top of the soil (TOP), in the middle of the soil (MID) and mixed homogenously with the soil (MIX). During the two weeks of incubation, few significant differences in net mineralization were seen between TOP, MID and MIX. However, there was a tendency that MIX led to a larger net immobilization of N than placement at one point (TOP and MID). This is also the result in the literature.

Uppsatsen handlar om flickor, pojkar och teknik sett ur ett genusperspektiv. I undersökningen har 20 barn i åldrarna 2-3 år intervjuats. Undersökningen utgår från två sagor, Emmas verkstad och Totte bakar. Sagornas huvudpersoner bryter det könsstereotypa mönstret i sina aktiviteter. Utifrån sagornas teknikaktiviteter intervjuas barnen.