This essay discusses the decision of Licensing for nursery and school teachers. In Swedish society there has for a long time been discourse about professionalisation within various industries, including teaching. One strategy towards achieving professional status is official authorisation of a profession, which occurs when a profession obtains Licensing. In February 2011, the Swedish government announced the decision that nursery and school teachers would be licensed. This means that only those with an education can be employed as a teacher and obtain that license.

According to the basic values of the Swedish Trotting Association the horse and its welfare should always be held in highest consideration. One part of the animal welfare work in the organization is to ensure good horse management practices by controlling all active trainers through the local Licensing committees situated at the Swedish racetracks. The Swedish Board of Agriculture stated that high quality animal welfare assurance programs used by the industry organizations can be used in the risk assessment of the official animal welfare control to make the official control work more effective and the ambition of the Swedish Trotting Association is to establish an animal welfare assurance program which may be approved by the Swedish Board of Agriculture. Racehorses are exposed to welfare hazards both in their management as well as during training and racing and factors like handling, training, feedstuff, stable environment, medication and the possibility to express natural behavior all affect the welfare of the horses. The aim of the project is to investigate and evaluate the animal welfare work performed by the Licensing committees and to give advice on how to improve the industry?s animal welfare control.

AbstractCopyright is designed to not interfere with society's general and overriding interest of effective competition. An effective market competition benefits consumers by lowering prices, raising the quality and expands the range of goods and services.The purpose of the paper is to investigate if the collecting societies Licensing violates competition laws. On the basis of the investigation regarding the bill for a new Swedish copyright law (URL), mainly the new wording that regulates the license agreement, corresponds to the EU competition rules and customs within the area.The collecting societies Licensing violates the competition laws in the following cases? Discrimination of members because of nationality?           Authors transferring their sole rights to global exploitation?           The collecting society have the right to manage the rights after the author have left as a member?           Users that are established abroad do not get access to the repertoire of  the collecting societies, the same goes for concerted practice if this is the purpose or result?           Parallel behaviours that cannot be explained objectively?           Dividing the market?           Fixed Prices?           Refusal to sign multi-territorial licenses?           Apply different conditions for equivalent transactions resulting in competition disadvantages for a company that cannot be justified by reasonable causesCurrently there are no indications that the new bill to a new URL violates EU law. The author of the paper thinks this may change if the collective management extends, so that other member states get the extended license agreements, then the single market is affected by the competition restriction that the new bill to the URL mean.

This thesis work is executed at Business Unit Ericsson Test Environment (BETE), in Linköping. BETE is the department at Ericsson, which is responsible for the operation and maintenance of the company's Operations Support System (OSS). Their management system was outdated and they wanted it to be updated and it also required new features. The database needed to be replaced and the data migrated to a new database without Licensing costs. The system also needed a part where employees could manage existing users.As a programming language PHP was chosen for its dynamic possibilities, platform independence and good support for database intergration.

Licensiering utgo?r ett viktigt verktyg inom upphovsra?tten och har en stor praktisk betydelse fo?r sa?va?l upphovsma?n som ra?ttighetsutnyttjare och andra. Avtalslicensen a?r en nordisk ra?ttsfigur som framtagits fo?r att klarera ra?ttigheter vid massutnyttjanden av upphovsra?ttsligt skyddade verk och ger mo?jlighet att utnyttja verk av utanfo?rsta?ende upphovsma?n utan att inha?mta tillsta?nd. Upphovsma?nnens ra?ttigheter tillvaratas genom ra?tt till ersa?ttning och erforderliga skyddsregler.

In this essay we map and evaluate obstacles and problems that can occur during the establishment of international companies in Russia. This is done by investigating Swedish companies, which are established in Moscow and Saint Petersburg. We used secondary and primary data from books, previous surveys, reports, articles and the Internet. We also interviewed the following companies: Alfa Laval, Kockum Sonics AB, Höganäs Keramik, Skanska, Assa Abloy, Advakom, AnoxKaldnes, Lindab, Delovoj Peterburg, HL-Display and also a journalist from the Swedish Radio.Most of the problems named by the interviewees were similar, but some differences were also found. The differences were primarily found in the ranking of importance between the different problems.

The purpose of this study is to identify a successful way of expanding a business on a global market, focusing on innovation products. An analysis was also made to see how internationalization theories are useful in businesses with innovation products. Four companies have been interviewed where two of them have innovation products (Proline AB and Q-Med AB) and the others are widely successful in exporting to a global market (Safegate Group and Weda Poolcleaners AB). Furthermore four interviews have been made with support organizations that have great experience in helping companies in this area (Svenska Uppfinnareföreningen, Almi Företagspartner AB, Exportrådet and The Swedish-American Chambers of Commerce).One of the results that can be identified is the diverse view and will to expand the business. The inventor often has a born global strategy in mind whereas the helping organizations rather expand step by step and only to one country at a time.

Elitlicens info?rdes fo?r klubbar i hockeyallsvenskan och elitserien i ishockey i bo?rjan av 2000- talet. Elitlicensen sta?ller krav pa? idrottsklubbar, inte bara rent sportsligt utan a?ven pa? det ekonomiska planet. Trots denna elitlicens uppma?rksammas det fortfarande att ishockeylag a?ker ur hockeyallsvenskan pa? grund av ekonomiska problem.

This Master's thesis aims at pinpointing the political arguments that appear in the recent debate on scientific publication. There is a widely spread opinion that prices on digital resources are far too high, thus taking up a major part of the University libraries budget, while publishing companies make high profits. It is also a common opinion that the current publishing method does not take full advantage of the possibilities of electronic publishing. Lately a number of alternative ways of publishing have been initiated and discussed, generally referred to as open access. Open access published material is available free of charge and free of most copyright and Licensing restrictions on the public internet.In this thesis the minutes from four hearings held by the UK House of Commons in the spring of 2004 are examined.

This thesis is about university spin-offs and the competition in high technology industries. In the light of efforts to increase the competitiveness of the European Union, an effective transfer of cutting edge technology from universities to the industry plays an important role. University spin-offs, start-ups founded to exploit academic inventions, are likely to face considerable market entry barriers. This is among other reasons due to high capital requirements for further technology development and lack of complementary resources. With a combination of relevant literature and empirical investigation, commercialisation of technologies within spin-offs is investigated and analysed.

The goal with this essay is to investigate problems in processes of a government agency andthereby determine whether a Business Process Reengineering can create a more effectiveworkflow. The foundation of this essay lies in how customers perceive its business processesas reported from Internet forums. By adopting a qualitative approach, this is supplemented bythe statements and reports from the public business. The qualitative method that has been usedin this study is a content analysis of the threads from two major Internet forums that highlightthe problems associated with the examination of firearms Licensing and the routine that exists.The method also gave us the opportunity to study the public business own view of theirprocesses. This was done by exploring their statements in media and their own reports aboutthis area.This essay is the result of a case-based study and during the course of the study we haveidentified five themes related to; time, management, communication, competence, andregulations.

Dimensional stability is an important aspect of fuel mechanical design and Licensing of new fuel designs for nuclear power plants. Dimensional changes within the reactor can affect the safety margins against overheating of the cladding and the pellets, therefore it is crucial that the dimensional changes are kept to a minimum.The profits per produced kiloWatt hour continue to decrease for the Swedish nuclear power plants. Some reactors are even operated with a calculated loss. To reduce fuel costs and thereby improve the profit some reactors are operated with higher uranium enrichment, so that the assemblies can reach a higher average burnup. This increases the neutron fluence to the pellets, cladding an spacers.

This master's thesis on the subject of public law will deal with the implications ?Directive 2001/18/EC on the deliberate release into the environment of genetically modified organisms? might have on the Swedish legal system. The purpose of the directive is to harmonize the European Union States legislation regarding Licensing of the deliberate release of GMO?s into the environ­ment, this to maintain a high level of environmental protection and at the same time preserve the internal market of the European Union. The thesis will primarily examine how the provisions of the directive relating to the general principle of good administration have impacted the proce­dural autonomy of Sweden.

Uppsatsen behandlar den framgångsrika affärsformen merchandising utifrån ett rättsligt perspektiv. Den för denna uppsats relevanta betydelsen av begreppet kan formuleras enligt följande; Merchandising är metoder för att åstadkomma försäljning och marknadsföring av artfrämmande produkter, genom att utnyttja det kommersiella värdet i en immateriell tillgång. Karakteriserande för merchandising är det sekundära utnyttjandet av den immateriella rättigheten, vilket innebär att merchandisingprodukten tillhör en annan varusfär än den som ursprungligen förknippats med det immateriellt skyddade objektet. Merchandising bygger på licensiering och affärsformen för med sig särskilda fördelar. För licensgivaren kan merchandising generera inkomster i form av försäljningsroyalties och samtidigt ge tillgång till en ny produktmarknad, till en relativt låg kostnad och risk.

The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the regulatory power, efficiency and impact of export control on Swedish arms export from the 1980s onwards, linked to the delegation of authority of permit license to the Inspectorate of Strategic Products in 1997. An increase in the administrative sector, based on a collective decision making process and established criteria and guidelines, aimed to strengthen the control of arms export to non-democratic and problematic states. In short, the aim of the study is to investigate and analyze whether there was a decrease in the arms export to problematic states or not. On one hand, it is reasonable to assume that the introduction of the new regulation entailed a more strict arms export policy. However, previous research has showed that regulations are sometimes not effective since incentives to breach these may be present.The study begins by examining the Swedish case and situation in terms of arms manufacturing and export, as well as the delegation of authority and legislation applied to the field over time.