Andelen individer med demenshandikapp kommer att öka som en följd av den ökande andelen äldre i vårt land. Den största gruppen vårdgivare till individer med demenssjukdom utgörs av makar. Denna informella vård sker ofta mer eller mindre osynligt och genomförs i tystnad. Att vara anhörig till en individ med demenssjukdom förknippas ofta med fysiska, emotionella, sociala och finansiella bördor. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka i vilken utsträckning arbetsterapeuter i Skånes mindre kommuner, med invånarantal under 30 000, kommer i kontakt med anhöriga till dementa i sitt yrke.

Förflyttningshjälpmedel kan skapa svårigheter att ta sig fram i den fysiska miljön, vilket kallas tillgänglighetsproblem. Användbarhetsproblem kan också uppstå, som innebär att personen inte kan göra det han eller hon vill i den fysiska miljön. Lek och rekreation är viktiga aktiviteter för barn. Syftet med denna studie var att få förståelse för vilka platser barn som använder förflyttningshjälpmedel väljer för lek och rekreation i sin närmiljö, samt få förståelse för vilka upplevelser som är knutna till platserna. Gåturer genomfördes med tre barn, åtta och tio år som använde förflyttningshjälpmedel med hjul.

Aktivitetsbalans är ett dynamiskt fenomen som påverkas av förändringar i den fysiska miljön samt i vilket stadium i livet individer befinner sig i. Aktivitetsbalans beskrivs även som ett generellt begrepp som bidrar till hälsa och välbefinnande. Tidigare forskning visar att vuxna med ett fysiskt funktionshinder har en mindre social umgängeskrets än vuxna utan fysiskt funktionshinder. Forskning visar också att vuxna med ett fysiskt funktionshinder är mindre nöjda med sitt arbete, sin ekonomiska situation, sina relationer samt livet i helhet. Tidigare studier visar också på att vuxna med ett fysiskt funktionshinder har ett svagt socialt nätverk, svårigheter att delta i fritidsaktiviteter, svårigheter att få ett heltidsarbete.

En förvärvad hjärnskada kan uppkomma på många olika sätt, till exempel genom sjukdomar, förgiftningar, olyckor eller trauman. Förvärvade hjärnskador leder ofta till aktivitetsnedsättningar. Det är främst aktivitetskategorin arbete som förändras. Enligt litteraturen är det viktigt för hälsan och välbefinnandet att finna balans mellan arbete, personlig vård, fritid och vila. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka på vilket sätt och i vilken utsträckning personer i arbetsför ålder med förvärvade hjärnskador upplever aktivitetsbalans.

This essay contains a study of the traces of trauma on the osteological material from St.Andre in Lund, which were fund durning an excavation in the year 2002, as well as a study of the age and sex distribution of this material. The propose of the essay is to discuss the occurrence of the violence in a urban environment..

Within agriculture it is important to optimize the use of nitrogen, not only from an economic point of view but also to minimize damage to the environment. This can sometimes be difficult, especially within organic farming. Organic farmers are using increasing amounts of waste products from the food industry to cover their nitrogen needs. These different organic fertilizers release nitrogen at different rates and under specific soil conditions. Because of this, it would be beneficial to have a standardized method to measure the amount and rate of nitrogen mineralization from organic fertilizers. This project contributes to this knowledge by investigating whether relatively simple and repeatable laboratory methods can be used to estimate the nitrogen fertilizer value of organic fertilizers.

The aim of the present literature study was to define and describe the area ?compliance in veterinary medicine? (i.e. the way treatment recommendations are being performed) and discuss the factors that influence the level of compliance. Based on the findings, a model that intended to increase compliance in orthopedic postoperative rehabilitation of dogs was designed. In the daily work as a veterinary nurse it is essential that one provides the best possible care to the animals from the beginning to the end of the treatment.

The purpose of the study was to investigate whether or not Icelandic horses are less severely affected in clinical symptoms of cough or decreased performance than other breeds of horses. A breed variation in chronic respiratory disease severity was suspected based on clinical experience at the Institution for surgery & medicine, large animal, SLU Uppsala. A retrospective journal study of 17 Icelandic horses and 17 Swedish Standardbred horses with chronic problems with cough and/or decreased performance compared several measurements of disease severity. The clinical signs, physical examination and laboratory testing results compared were respiratory rate, abdominal breathing, lung auscultation, endoscopy results, broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) results and the blood gases pO2 and pCO2. All parameters were available for all 34 individuals except for the blood gases, which were analysed, in only four Icelandic horses and four Swedish Standardbred horses. The only parameters that appeared different between the two groups were respiratory rate and pO2. The four Icelandic horses, which had blood gases analysed, had more severe hypoxemia.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the different substrates that enter the digestion on Sundet wastewater treatment plant for production of biogas.This work have done an analysis of data about the biogasproduction from January 2012 to feburari 2013, this showed that the food substrates has a greater gas production than internal sludge.Through laboratory test the VS, TS and COD values for all the substrates used in the biogas production could be determinded. But the COD-method was less optimal for analysis of fat and food, therefore it optimized the method for fat but due to time constraints, this could not be done on the food substrates..

Bakgrund: Det finns ingen enhetlig definition av komplementa?r alternativ medicin (KAM). Det visar sig att anva?ndandet av KAM o?kar hos befolkningen i va?rlden. Det finns ett stort informationsutbud pa? internet vilket kan leda till risker fo?r patienter vid felaktig information.

A pavement construction designed to cope with the different type of traffic loads; it is exposed to and at the same time it can resist the effect of the climate. A road structure consists of sub- and superstructure which is divided by a boundary known as terrace. During the construction of unbound layers (base course and sub-base course) in the superstructure, it is always ensured that the material meet the requirements for bearing capacity and the degree of compaction. These parameters are controlled by various laboratory tests and control methods. To obtain increased knowledge of the material and improve the quality of the compaction in the field, it is necessary to perform laboratory tests in order to determine material properties.A base course material 0/ 32 mm limestone from Gotland (Hejdeby) was investigated in this study.

Syftet med denna studie är att rapportera prospektivt om handfunktion och aktivitetsutförande efter PIP- leds pyrocarbonprotes med efterföljande rehabiliteringsprogram. I studien används objektiva och subjektiva utvärderingsinstrument. Studien inkluderar 21 patienter i ett program som följer patienterna minst ett år (12-36 mån.). För objektiv utvärdering användes rörelseomfång (ROM) och greppstyrka och för subjektiv utvärdering användes validitetsreliabla instrumenten COPM och DASH. Smärta mättes med visual analogue scale (VAS).I studien har fyra av 21 patienter blivit reopererade pga smärta, infektion och inskränkt rörlighet.

The main aim of this master thesis was to examine the visual ergonomics and the systematic work environment management concerning lighting issues for nurses within domiciliary care. Further aims were to examine a few existing lighting solutions, to come up with ideas for future possible lighting solutions, and to evaluate if the legal regulations for lighting is satisfying and if the regulations are obeyed in domiciliary nursing.The methods used were a questionnaire completed by 55 nurses, field studies of used lightings in cooperation with a student in industrial esign, test of ten existing lighting solutions in a laboratory environment, and a field test of five existing lighting solutions tested by nine nurses in the home of the patient.The result indicates that 40 % of the asked nurses were dissatisfied with the working light in the patient?s homes. All respondents reported poor working light close to the patient, 50 % reported that this problem occurred daily. One third reported that they had to work in uncomfortable working postures due to insufficient working light, and 15 % reported risk of making mistakes due to the same reason.

Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) is considered a specific and a sensitive biomarker of cardiac disease, and due to a high inter-species sequence homology; human cTnI assays can often be used in veterinary medicine. The main aim of this study was to perform an initial evaluation of a human cTnI test, the Meritas Troponin I test, for measurement of equine plasma cTnI, in order to investigate whether the test could be a possible subject for a more comprehensive validation. The hypothesis was that the test could measure equine cTnI, as there is a good homology between equine cTnI and human cTnI. The evaluation included a dilution parallelism, an intra-assay precision study and measurement of plasma cTnI healthy horses. In the dilution parallelism and the intra-assay precision study, equine plasma with previously established high cTnI concentration, according to another cTnI assay, was used. In addition, cTnI concentration was measured in plasma, collected from 19 horses, without signs of disease at physical and ECG examinations. The obtained curve in the dilution parallelism was linear, indicating that the Meritas Troponin I test can be used to measure different concentrations of equine cTnI in plasma.

Today the individual ventilated cage system (IVC-system) is a commonly used housing system for mice in research facilities. IVC systems have HEPA- filters and are designed to control both supply and exhausted air at cage level, as well as temperature and relative humidity in the cages. This creates an optimal environment for the mouse and at the same time a protection against the risk of cross-infection between cages and the outside environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the health and welfare of breeding females and pups of two different strains of laboratory mice (NMRI nude mice and C57BL/6N) in three different kinds of IVC-systems; Arrowmight, Allentown and Tecniplast. The NMRI nude (Nu) females gave birth to 18 litters in Allentown, 16 litters in Arrowmight and 15 litters in Tecniplast.