To be able to hinder the global warming the emissions of greenhouse gases, carbon dioxide foremost, must decrease. By switching to green electricity, it is possible to reduce the emissions from electricity producing sources.In 1999, Swedenergy conducted a study about whether or not Swedish households would consider buying green electricity. According to the study, about 75 percent were willing to buy green electricity. 40 percent of these were prepared to pay a premium for green electricity. However, according to the results from the study, only one percent actually bought green electricity, and since 1999, this proportion has merely increased slightly.

Currently many organizations are transitioning from the traditional approach to the agile approach regarding systems development methods. It is evident that research has mainly focused on smaller organizations transitioning, whilst less focus has been given t0 larger organizations. We find this interesting and the purpose of this study is to gain a deeper and broader knowledge concerning the following research question: How is system development work affected by a change from traditional system development methods to Scrum in large global organizations. We also investigate how Scrum can be adapted to complex projects with an internal client. The study is based on a case study, which takes a qualitative approach with semi-structured interviews for information gathering and was conducted on a major Swedish telecom company.

Om inget görs, beräknas icke smittsamma sjukdomar öka med 17% på global nivå de kommande 10 åren samtidigt som det finns ett ökat behov av ekonomisk konsolidering. Ett fåtal kommuner ägnar sig åt ett systematiskt folkhälsoarbete och det finns en osäkerhet kring hur ambitionerna rent praktiskt ska uppnås. Endast med hänsyn taget till strategisk planering och beaktande av komplexitet i hälsosystem och hälsointerventioner är det möjligt att hitta hållbara modeller för hälsofrämjande och förebyggande arbete. Sedan drygt 30 år används hälsokonsekvensbedömning (HKB) för systematiskt hälsofrämjande arbete. Ger verktyget tillräcklig information och bakgrund för planering och beslutsfattande på en strategisk nivå? ?Five-Level Framework? (fem-nivå modellen) är en modell för strategisk planering i komplexa system som kan ge svar på den frågan.

Environmental issues are global problems and they are a major challenge for any successful organizational business worldwide. Many challenges and opportunities emerge during the certification process of an EMS. Therefore it is interesting to contribute in understanding these emerging problems during this process.The aim of this study is to explore how the environmental objectives could be achieved at preschools in Uppsala, investigate the perceived challenges and opportunities and to identify the outcome of implementing the ISO 14001, Green Flag at such set up.A qualitative method is used and three Green Flag certified preschools, affiliated to the Uppsala Municipality and located at different geographical location were selected. A structured interview with the environmental representatives from the preschools and the municipality was completed. The so-called PDCA-cycle as a method of evaluating sustainable development and analysing the imperial data is used.The study showed that environmental certification constitutes a great challenge for the municipality of Uppsala.

Change is inevitable when software is built and deployed. It?s not particularly problematic to manage change if there is just one system. But in a large global IT organization, with several systems and people who develop, problems may arise. If organizations don?t control change, change will control the organization.

Purpose: Social media is a global phenomenon that has developed from an opportunity of contact between people, into a platform for contact between organizations and people. This essay aims to investigate the public relation strategies of one organization on a popular social network.The main question that this study aims to answer is how the travel agency Ving chooses to create and preserve relationships to the public on Facebook in order to maintain a good reputation. Asub-question explores whether any patterns exist in Ving?s approach of interaction with its stakeholders.Method/Material: This study consists of a quantitative content analysis in which the interaction between the organization and the audience has been studied. Posts published by the public as well as replications from Ving have been categorized and then analyzed using two analytical models.

In today?s society climate change has grown to one of the largest global issues. To reduce emissions of greenhouse gases, large changes of the energy system are required. An increasingly popular solution is investments in local production of renewable energy resources like wind, solar or geothermal power. The following report examines the possibility for implementing a solar power plant on the new hospital Nya Karolinska Solna. Two different technologies for extraction of solar energy has been studied, solar thermal collectors  to meet the need of heating and solar cells to satisfy the need for electricity linked to operating the hospital building.

I wrote this essay with the aim to explore, understand and get some insights into what it is that effects the possibilities to plan for ecological sustainability and make it happen. There is no clear definition of sustainable development but world top meetings and reports have developed goals and strategies. I will present some of the theory at hand but most of this essay is based on six interviews with planners at local governments from around the country. Several of the local governments are using the goals issued by the state government by putting them into their large scale plans. During the interviews some obstacles were identified, like a lack of resourses, disadvantaging powerstruktures, conflicts with marketeconomy and simply different meenings about what ecological sustainability is in practice. My method of getting information through interviews and documenting them by taking notes had, as all methods, it?s weakneses.

I och med den nya globala ekonomin blir det allt mer vanligt med en ökad konkurrens. Inte enbart från den inhemska marknaden utan även via en global marknad som öppnats genom ett samarbete mellan nationer i Europa. Därmed finns en större tendens från företagen att dra en offentlig upphandling inför det svenska rättssystemet och bestrida beslutet som fattats av den upphandlande myndigheten då varje upphandling blir viktig att vinna. En tydlig orsak till det ökande antalet överprövningar är att i och med en regression i den globala ekonomin och med kollapser av nationella ekonomier runt om i världen så finns det en ökad vinning i att överpröva en förlorad upphandling då dessa är bristvara vid lågkonjunktur. Genom detta examensarbete kommer uppsatsförfattarna att belysa de problem och grunder som finns för att en överprövning skall uppstå som till exempel den allt för korta granskningstiden av tilldelningsbeslut, en saknad kompetens för en upphandling och möjligtvis ett allt för konservativt arbetssätt i det svenska rättsväsendet.

Angelica archangelica (Garden angelica) is the only Medicinal and Aromatic Plant (MAP) with a Nordic origin. The plant can reach up to three meters when cultivated. Angelica archangelica is used as flavouring in additives, honey, beverage base, essential oils, fol-klore medicine and as ornamental for decorative purposes. Commercial cultivation is mainly focused on root production. Production countries are Poland, Netherland, France, Belgium, Switzerland, and former Czechoslovakia with an overall yearly world production of 1000 kg of essential oils.

Purpose/Aim: To investigate why people in the age group of 30-40 subscribe to the traditional morning newspaper even though they can get the same information at a much lower cost from for example TV, the internet or the free daily papers. The aim is to also look at possible future alternatives to the traditional morning newspaper.Material/Method: Focus group interviews were used to gather the empirical material. These consisted of a total number of twelve people, divided into three groups. The results from the focus group interviews were analysed with help from established uses & gratifications theories and two diffusion theories.Main results: This study shows that people read the traditional morning newspaper to get a good mixture of entertainment and local, national and global news. It is relaxing to read the newpaper on paper compared to reading it on the internet, mainly because you get a good overview which makes it a lot easier to find exactly want you want to read.

Syftet med denna undersökning är att få en inblick i om och hur förlusten av sockenkyrkan påverkade livet i Nedertorneå-Haparanda församling socialt samt religiöst och i så fall hur eventuella förändringar yttrade sig när de efter kriget 1809 förlorade hemkyrkan på Björkön-Pirkkiö till Ryssland. Församlingskyrkan blev efter gränsdragningen kvar på ryskt område. Eftersom kyrkan ansvarade för ett flertal nuvarande statliga uppgifter under denna tid, har jag funderat på hur undervisning, fattigvård samt sjukvård fungerade utan kyrka och prästerskap. Hur förrättningar och gudstjänster fungerade i en sådan komplex situation är ytterligare faktorer jag studerat närmare.För att ta reda på hur det förhöll sig med detta under den här tidsperioden har jag ägnat mig åt litteraturstudium; vilket till största delen varit av historisk karaktär. Det har rört sig om kyrkohistoria, studium av samhällsutveckling, samt allmän global och lokal historia.Utifrån det samlade materialet har jag kommit fram till att livet påverkades ur flera aspekter för invånarna i Nedertorneå-Haparanda församling när de förlorade sockenkyrkan 1809.

Konsumenter har tämligen lite insyn i omständigheterna kring produktionen av de varor de dagligen konsumerar. I en värld av global handel är det till synes oundvikligt att människor och miljö blir lidande när privata, vinstdrivna företag bara har intresse för just vinst, och statliga myndigheter inte mäktar med, inte har intresse av, eller helt enkel inte anses legitima, att lägga sig i de förhållanden under vilka världshandeln sker. Mot bakgrund av detta har mängder av så kallade NGO:s (non-governmental organizations) bildats för att certifiera varor som lever upp till de specifika organisationernas krav. Dessa organisationer tävlar sedan om konsumenters och finansiärers gunst. Denna uppsats undersöker frågan; Hur framställer märkningsorganisationerna Fairtrade, Rainforest Alliance, KRAV och UTZ Certified den egna organisationens verksamhet och målsättning? Dessa fyra organisationer har av olika skäl valts ut som exempel i denna uppsats.

Debate over Intellectual Property Rights ?IPRs? particularly patent and copyrights is mainly on forward-looking industries in computer software. As part of a trade deal reached in 1994, the member nations of the World Trade Organisation must adhere to a global agreement known as TRIPS, for the Trade- Related Aspect of Intellectual Property Rights.This study is to analyse the ethical conception of Intellectual Property Rights and in particular its implications on the developing countries in relation to TRIPS. The approach will be to analyse a broad philosophical theories of property to see if there is any justification for a software program to be treated as private property and also argue base on John Rawls two principles of justice in relation to TRIPS Agreement. Some reflections will be put on the use of open-source software by less developing countries.From the study it was asserted that, strong IPRs protection would hinder technological transfer and indigenous learning activities in the early stage of industrialisation when learning takes place through reverse engineering.

For many decades the increase in traffic volume, expansion of highways and infrastructure has lead to an increase of wildlife vehicle collisions which are unfortunately very common in many countries today. They cause great deal of material damage and even kill humans or wildlife. Measures in the form of warning signs, under- and overpasses and fencing have been implemented for a long time with the help of observation by hunters and collisions sites. However this study focuses on the moose?s perspective and the variables that, both spatially and temporally, could have an effect on why and when moose are close to certain types of roads.