The purpose of this thesis has been to develop a tool for modelling and simulating the nuclear plant Ringhals 3. The model should be used to improve the knowledge on the dynamics of the plant. Ringhals 3 is being upgraded to produce more power and a tool for analyzing the new operating conditions is needed.The work in this thesis has consisted of improving and developing an existing model of Ringhals 3 made with the modelling tool Dymola. The model has been validated by comparing the results of a simulated house load transient with data from the actual plant. Validation shows good agreement with data from the real plant.

Hur vi uppfattar vår omgivning påverkas av alla våra fem sinnen, där denna uppsats tar sin utgångspunkt i hörseln och det vi hör. Utifrån en litteraturstudie och egna reflektioner har ljuds betydelse och hur det påverkar oss i det dagliga livet undersökts. Syftet har varit att öka förståelsen för vad ljud betyder för vårt välbefinnande och hur vi som landskapsarkitekter kan ha ljudet i åtanke när vi gestaltar utemiljön. Ljud är mer än den fysiska ljudvågen. Det kan ge oss information om vår omgivning, spegla rörelser, underlätta orienterbarheten och vara en del av hur vi uppfattar rumslighet. Vi hör hela tiden, men lyssnar inte alltid medvetet.

The purpose of this thesis has been to develop a tool for modelling and simulating the nuclear plant Ringhals 3. The model should be used to improve the knowledge on the dynamics of the plant. Ringhals 3 is being upgraded to produce more power and a tool for analyzing the new operating conditions is needed.The work in this thesis has consisted of improving and developing an existing model of Ringhals 3 made with the modelling tool Dymola. The model has been validated by comparing the results of a simulated house load transient with data from the actual plant. Validation shows good agreement with data from the real plant.

The purpose of this thesis has been to develop a tool for modelling and simulating the nuclear plant Ringhals 3. The model should be used to improve the knowledge on the dynamics of the plant. Ringhals 3 is being upgraded to produce more power and a tool for analyzing the new operating conditions is needed.The work in this thesis has consisted of improving and developing an existing model of Ringhals 3 made with the modelling tool Dymola. The model has been validated by comparing the results of a simulated house load transient with data from the actual plant. Validation shows good agreement with data from the real plant.

The purpose of this thesis has been to develop a tool for modelling and simulating the nuclear plant Ringhals 3. The model should be used to improve the knowledge on the dynamics of the plant. Ringhals 3 is being upgraded to produce more power and a tool for analyzing the new operating conditions is needed.The work in this thesis has consisted of improving and developing an existing model of Ringhals 3 made with the modelling tool Dymola. The model has been validated by comparing the results of a simulated house load transient with data from the actual plant. Validation shows good agreement with data from the real plant.

Flow measurement is one of the greatest challenges in order to calculate efficiency in hydropower. Most hydropower plants in Sweden use differential pressure methods for flow measurement. These methods are dependent on constant conditions in the waterways. A change in these conditions, like turbine improvements, prevents differential pressure methods to verify efficiency improvements. Since efficiency improvements can?t be verified by one measurement system, another method, which isn?t affected by changing conditions, can be used.

Syftet är att beskriva och analysera utformningen och tillämpningen av Balanced Scorecard i en sjukvårdsverksamhet samt studera huruvida modellen används som ett mätsystem eller ett managementsystem. Metoden som ligger till grund för denna uppsats är kvalitativ i form av en djupare fallstudie av en sjukvårdsverksamhet. Vi har utgått från såväl sekundärdata som primärdata för att erhålla relevant information till uppsatsen. Primärdata har samlats in via personliga intervjuer. Det teoretiska kapitlet innehåller modeller och begrepp som behandlar budget, BSC, ekonomistyrning i offentlig verksamhet och i sjukvården.

Balanced Scorecard [svenska; balanserad styrning] är ett koncept framtaget för vinstdrivande verksamheter men kommunförbundet har genomfört försök med adoptering av balanserad styrning i kommunal verksamhet, med vissa skillnader som motiverar anpassningar. Förvaltningen kommunkansliet i Tierps kommun har officiellt arbetat utifrån balanserad styrning sedan 2003 och anledningen till varför de började arbeta utifrån metodiken i balanserad styrning grundar sig företrädesvis i att den traditionella ekonomistyrningen konstaterades vara otillräcklig parallellt som den inte levererade en helhetsbild över verksamheten. Jag har genomfört en fallstudie vid kommunkansliet i syfte att se hur konceptet verkar i offentlig verksamhet. Fallstudien syftar till helhetsförståelse och insikt, vilket innebär att den vetenskapliga inriktningen på arbetet är hermeneutiskt. Undersökningen är av kvalitativ karaktär baserad på individuella intervjuer bland förvaltningschefen, enhetschefer samt medarbetare och jag har använt mig av den abduktiva forskningsansatsen i arbetet.

Recent turmoil surrounding nuclear power as an energy source, especially since the accidentat Fukushima, has largely contributed to the debate of whether or not nuclear power should beused as an energy source. This study has examined the economic feasibility of replacingForsmark?s 3rd nuclear reactor with a bio fueled power plant, and find out how this could bedone.The power generation that has to be replaced is equal to 1170 MWe. To replace this, 6 largescaleCFB-boilers, each providing over 200 MWe, were necessary. In addition to this, eachboiler required their respective turbine sets, comprising one high-pressure-, and one lowpressureturbine with intermediate reheating capacities.Based on this, a rankine-cycle was modeled using the software EES, to be able to calculatethe total heat required in the power plant.

Författarna och skaparna av det balanserade styrkortet, Robert S Kaplan & David P Norton, menar att behovet av ett ekonomistyrningsverktyg som ger en mer fullständig helhetsbild än enbart finansiella mått har ökat alltmer. Detta främst då den konstant föränderliga värld företagen agerar i har skiftat fokus och ser kunden som allt viktigare, vilket medför att företagen måste förstå och få grepp om den egna verksamheten för att i förlängningen nå långsiktiga framgångar. Användningen av enbart finansiella mått gör att företagen kan försumma avgörande faktorer i sin omgivning när framtida strategier tas fram. De perspektiv som Kaplan & Norton har utvecklat genom sitt arbete med det balanserade styrkortet är tänkta att underlätta den övergripande identifieringen av dessa nyckelfaktorer. Det balanserade styrkortet innehåller därför förutom det tidigare nämnda finansiella perspektivet även kund-, process- och lärandeperspektivet.

The purpose of this essay is to examine how the editorial office to the TV-programs Gokväll,Mitt i naturen and Plus use social media. To achieve the purpose qualitative interviews wereconducted with three Web Editors, one for each program. This essay is based on theories onhow companies can and should work with social media from Andreas M. Kaplan andMichael Haenlin among other writers and scholars from Sweden. The convergence concepttheory with particular focus on media convergence and branding has also been applied in thestudy.

AbstractDuring the last decade the public sector has been influenced by new ways of measuring performance and governing, taking inspiration from the private sector. The Swedish municipal community Vellinge has since 2004 adopted ?The Balanced Scorecard? by Kaplan & Norton, measuring not only the financial parts but also other, important factors. The adoption took place since the Swedish government applied new demands on county councils and municipal communities through ?God ekonomisk hushållning?.

The purpose with the paper is to theoretically investigate how sensory experience and positive affect in contact with outdoor environment can promote health by 1) develop a model of the sensory and emotional processes based on multiple code theory (Bucci, 1997) and 2) examine if this model can increase understanding of the processes that takes place in outdoor recreation, the way this is described in environmental psychology research and theory. The paper starts by introducing research and perspectives concerning outdoor recreation. Different theories of nature?s health promoting effects are described. These include the restoration theories of Roger Ulrich and Steven and Rachel Kaplan, theories more concerned with outdoor activities and a theory combining these two perspectives called instorative theory. After this sensory and emotional information processing is examined through the works of Wilma Bucci and Jean Ayres. Antionio Damasio?s theories of emotion and Daniel Stern?s concept of vitalityaffects are than introduced to extend this reasoning.

Den offentliga sektorn har genomgått förändringar under de senaste 30 åren. Förändringarna inom den offentliga sektorn har främst skett inom styrning och redovisning. Förändringarna har inneburit att kommunerna har fått ökat ansvar och fler uppgifter. Det balanserade styrkortet är ett exempel på ett styrverktyg som utvecklades av Kaplan och Norton främst för privata företag för att komplettera de finansiella värdena med icke-finansiella. Därefter har ett antal svenska kommuner på eget initiativ valt att implementera det balanserade styrkortet i sin verksamhet.

The company Sol & Energiteknik wanted to examine the possibility to make a standardhouse totally energy independent. Based upon this I have, during the spring of 2007,examined the possibilities available at the market today through litterature studies, contactwith several companies and reading reports at the internet.The first thing to examine has been to determine the energy consumption for a standardhouse, and find out if there are better technologies to be used for energy conservation.My conclusion in this matter is that there are possibilities today for building a house moreenergy efficient.When I had reached the point at which my design for the house was decided, I also hadto choose the different products to use to produce energy as well as to store that energy.To produce heat and electricity to the house I decided to use a wind turbine and a solarwater heater.The most difficult part of designing a house that is energy independent is that theproduced energy must be stored somehow. Storing the heat is relatively easy beacuse theheat can be stored in a large water tank. The electricity is a bigger problem beacuse itmust be stored in batteries, which today are too expensive to be used in a standard house.In the future producing and storing hydrogen might be used to produce electricity, buttoday that technology is both expensive and not tested enough.My final conclusion is that a standard house can not be built to be totally energyindependent today, unless it is very expensive to connect the house to the electricitynetwork. As an alternative solution I came up with a proposal for a house which isconnected to the electricity network and have some amount of own produced energy.This house prooved to be a good investment if you choose to build it today, and it couldbe a very good investment in the long run beacuse energy prices increase every year..