Background:Life-cycle costing (LCC) is an investment calculation that takes intoaccount operating costs throughout the investee lifecycle. LCC calculations are mainly usedto evaluate investments that have no revenue side. Attempts to apply the LCC calculations forbuilding-related investments have occurred since the 1980s. Despite the advantages ofusing LCC calculations, use has not passed through in full. The main obstacles have beenidentified as a lack of relevant input data, and insufficient experience of workingwith LCC calculations.

Background:Life-cycle costing (LCC) is an investment calculation that takes intoaccount operating costs throughout the investee lifecycle. LCC calculations are mainly usedto evaluate investments that have no revenue side. Attempts to apply the LCC calculations forbuilding-related investments have occurred since the 1980s. Despite the advantages ofusing LCC calculations, use has not passed through in full. The main obstacles have beenidentified as a lack of relevant input data, and insufficient experience of workingwith LCC calculations.

The problem of separating a non-rectangular foreground image from a background image is a classical problem in image processing and analysis, known as matting or keying. A common example is a film frame where an actor is extracted from the background to later be placed on a different background. Compositing of these objects against a new background is one of the most common operations in the creation of visual effects. When the original background is of non-constant color the matting becomes an under determined problem, for which a unique solution cannot be found. This thesis describes a framework for computing mattes from images with backgrounds of non-constant color, using Bayesian statistics.

I dagens läge behöver organisationer ha bättre uppsikt över sin miljöpåverkan. I dag saknas en metod för att se upphandlingens miljöpåverkan för en organisation. Med upphandling menas i denna studie alla varor/tjänster som köps in till en organisation. Miljöpåverkan för varor/tjänster syftar på de emissioner som uppstår från upptag av råvara, förädling och transporter av varor/tjänster framtill att de köps in till organisationen. Det finns en metod som testats en gång, denna studie utgår ifrån den.

The aim of this study was to examine if the predictions of the herbage quality in the software Grazemore Decision Support System (DSS) gives a reliable ground for milk production in the north of Scandinavia. Pasture samples from one research farm (Umeå) and one organic farm (Nordingrå) was analysed on crude protein and organic matter digestibility. The results were statistically compared to the predicted values. Measured and predicted herbage mass was compared and a control if the predictions of milk production improved if the predicted input were replaced by the values from the analysis, was made. The concentration of crude protein was underestimated by the model on both farms and the relationship between actual and predicted values was poor. Mean Prediction Error (MPE) was 24% and 31% respectively.

Can you force a child to sucess, and when do the supportiv corset become a straitjacket?In this essay you can read about several ways to get a child to feel worthy as a person and use its own will in several ways. It's viewed from several different aspects but most of all it's about children who play musical instruments and parents who wants there kids to get sucessful. I have interviewed four musicians and musicteatchers to see how they were raised and how it has affected the way they are teatching there own students today. My little inquiry shows that people have a stong will and that you can come far if you hade supportive people around you..

Syftet med detta arbete är att undersöka hur man som lärare skulle kunna utveckla sig inom yrket på ett icke traditionellt sätt. Genom en litteraturstudie har jag sökt fakta inom detta område för att få teori som bakgrund till mina vidare studier. Jag använde mig sedan av en kvalitativ metod där jag har intervjuat fyra lärare om hur de upplever sitt eget lärande inom yrket och hur de går tillväga för att fördjupa sina lärarkunskaper. De intervjuade lärarna ansåg att de konstant genomgår en läroprocess inom yrket. Denna är beroende av att lärarna får"input"som sätter igång läroprocessen.

Examensarbetet, 15 poäng har utförts på högskolan i Kalmar. Input Soft AB är ett företag som är beläget i Strängnäs. Uppdraget för projektarbetet bestod av att utforma en webbbaserad givarservice till Myrorna. Myrorna använder idag fleetIT som är ett program utvecklat av Input Soft AB för registrering/hämtning av gåvor till Myrorna. Denna webbaserade givarservice förenklar och effektiviserar arbetet för Myrorna genom att användarna själva går in via Internet och registrerar sina gåvor istället för som idag då registreringen sköts helt av personalen i Sätra.

This paper explores the field of virtual reality and how immersion and presences can be increased when it comes to navigation and interaction with Virtual Environments. The availability of VR technology has sparked a trend, especially in game development. Old ways of designing for interactive environments have to be revised. This is done by exploring the massive body of work done on VR, exploring its underlying concepts, using tested design techniques and ways of evaluating interaction for VR. A design suggestion in the form of utilizing a tablet device as the main input device is derived.

The subject of this thesis is the application of Support Vector Machines on two totally different applications, facial expressions recognition and remote sensing.The basic idea of kernel algorithms is to transpose input data in a higher dimensional space, the feature space, in which linear operations on the data can be processed more easily. These operations in the feature space can be expressed in terms of input data thanks to the kernel functions. Support Vector Machines is a classifier using this kernel method by computing, in the feature space and on basis of examples of the different classes, hyperplanes that separate the classes. The hyperplanes in the feature space correspond to non linear surfaces in the input space.Concerning facial expressions, the aim is to train and test a classifier able to recognise, on basis of some pictures of faces, which emotion (among these six ones: anger, disgust, fear, joy, sad, and surprise) that is expressed by the person in the picture. In this application, each picture has to be seen has a point in an N-dimensional space where N is the number of pixels in the image.The second application is the detection of camouflage nets hidden in vegetation using a hyperspectral image taken by an aircraft.

This Master?s Thesis aims to illustrate in what ways the two Swedish environmental assessment tools, the Environmental Load Profile and EcoEffect differ and if performed valuations gives different results and environmental goals.The built urban environment causes about half the environmental loading in Sweden. The society?s ambition towards sustainable development has resulted in demands reducing the environmental load. One way to accomplish this change is with the assistance of tools for environmental assessment of the built environment.

The outset of this thesis is to raise questions on how we design for the mobile context and the capabilities of smartphones. Not only the presentation but also the use of input and interaction between a service and a user.This work evolves around sign up forms and answers the question: How does the sign up process affect the holistic perspective of a digital service regarding usability and user experience? This thesis consists of a case studies, and design experiments conducted on Twitter, Instagram and Randos sign up processes to explore if and how the usability, and the user experience could be affected and im- proved.This concluded some important aspects to be considered when designing sign up forms for a digital service.The usability, and the user experience is not only affected by user interaction, and the choice of input method but it?s also affected by which data the service is requesting, and more important; if that data is motivated to request by the service..

When searching for better and more practical interfaces between users and their computers, additional or alternative modes of communication between the two parties would be of great use. This thesis handles the possibilities of using eye and head movements as well as voice input as these alternative modes of communication. One part of this project is devoted to find possible interaction techniques when navigating in a computer interface with movements of the eye or the head. The result of this part is four different controls of an interface, adapted to suit this kind of navigation, combined together in a demo application. Another part of the project is devoted to the development of an application, with voice control as primary input method.

This masters thesis deals with smoke spread via ventilation systems. One aim of the thesis is to investigate and explain the differences in efforts to prevent smoke spread via ventilation systems in different countries. A second aim of this thesis is to investigate how frequently occurring smoke spread via ventilation systems in Swedish buildings are. A third aim is to investigate how uncertainties in input variables to smoke spread calculations will affect the result of calculation. To be able to do this the most important input variables are identified and analysed.

Syftet med det här arbetet var att presentera några faktorer som hindrar eleverna i år nio från att uppfylla sin önskan om att lära sig kommunicera på franska och därmed att uppfylla kursplanens mål angående muntlig kommunikation. För att kunna ge exempel på sådana faktorer har jag studerat litteratur och tidigare forskning samt genomfört fyra kvalitativa intervjuer med elever i år nio. Undersökningarna visade att kommunikativ kompetens är ett komplext begrepp. Det medför att anledningarna till att eleverna inte kommunicerar varierar. De faktorer jag har presenterat som hindrar eleverna från att kommunicera är: otillräcklig mängd av och svårighetsgrad på input, avsaknad av kunskaper om vad kommunikativ språkförmåga innebär bland elever samt att eleverna inte känner språklig eller social trygghet i undervisningssituationen..