Earlier studies shows that democracy within the preschool is an important and on-going work, but could implicate certain consequences. For example that goals regarding democracy and influence in the preschool, rarely is done in practice but instead remains just words on a paper. It could also mean that the pedagogues lack education and knowledge within the area, but also how they react to the influence of children. Preschool is expected to be a place for all children, no matter what luggage the child is carrying. The luggage is filled with the life experience, the personality and in this case the needs that the child has. The needs could be anything from nearness to physical and psychological disorders that requires more pedagogical attention.

Ämnet idrott och hälsa ger utmärkta möjligheter för elever med en funktionsnedsättning att vara fysiskt aktiv och leka tillsammans med sina kamrater, trots det verkar deltagandet inte vara en självklarhet i dagens skola. Syftet med denna studie är därför att undersöka några idrottslärares reflektioner och erfarenheter kring ett inkluderande arbetssätt i ämnet idrott och hälsa. Då studien handlar om mänskliga uppfattningar och erfarenheter har vi inspirerats av ett fenomenologiskt synsätt och använde därför intervju som datainsamlingsmetod. Intervjuerna genomfördes med sex idrottslärare i ett län i mellersta Sverige. Resultatet visade att trots att pedagogerna är positiva till inkludering så tror de att det är en lång väg att gå innan vi kan ha en skola för alla.

The Swedish Warmblood riding horse is a popular horse for sport in Sweden, and the breeding goal is to produce competitive horses in both show jumping and dressage. The breed has its origin in native Swedish cavalry horses but has been highly influenced by foreign stallions throughout the years. Breeding values are estimated based on the results from young horse field test, which are held for 3- or 4-year old horses, and competition data. The young horse field tests are highly correlated with later performances in competition. The total proportion of horses with own observations to include in the genetic evaluation are slightly under 50 %, and in most cases their pedigrees are known.

Almost all Swedes today have access to the Internet, if not through the home then via the library or work. Despite this, around 20% of the population stand outside the information society in that they lack in knowledge, assistive usability tools or positive attitude towards technology and its influence on society. The main factors influencing the digital divide in today's society are age, disability and education, while the main reason for staying outside seems to be disinterest.The question about digital Inclusion is important as we now stand on the breaking-point between a society where the industry has had a prominent position for private as well as national economy and a digital society where access to the Internet is no longer about prestige, but where significant differences between users' knowledge levels can create a power gap. Gaps in access and use not only reflects already existing socio-economic conditions, but can also maintain and enhance these.It is crucial for the future expansion of Internet usage how today's non-users feel about becoming users. To understand what underlies the motivations not to use computers is one of the keys to get non-users to embrace becoming users.

Each year over 3000 children in Sweden lose a parent. The loss of a parent may cause some grave changes in a child?s life, leading to both mental and physical consequences. The purpose of this literature study is to examine the different ways in which health care personnel can better receive and relate to children whose parents are dying or have passed away.Data was collected through such sources as Pubmed, Academic Search Elite and Cinahl, which resulted in the Inclusion of sixteen subsequent articles, ten of which were quantitative and six of which were qualitative. Thirteen of the said articles illustrate how children act in response to a dying or deceased parent and what measures were needed for them to move on with their lives.

Syftet med denna studie är att, förstå hur några elever med diagnosen intellektuell funktionsnedsättning, deras vårdnadshavare och pedagoger, uppfattar en integrerad skolstruktur i grundskolan utifrån ett individ- grupp- och organisationsperspektiv. Studien bygger på totalt sex intervjuer, två med elever, två med elevernas vårdnadshavare och två med den pedagog som eleverna träffar företrädelsevis i undervisningssituation.Som metod användes kvalitativa intervjuer med av en intervjuguide med utgångspunkt från ett individ- grupp- och organisationsperspektiv. Resultatet i min studie visar att eleverna trivs i en integrerad skolstruktur, de beskriver på olika sätt en känsla av tillhörighet i sina klasser och är nöjda med sin skolsituation. Vårdnadshavarnas erfarenheter är liknande, men de beskriver också att barnets funktionsnedsättning har varit central för vilka resurser skolan tillfört. Det specialpedagogiska stödet har organiserats på olika sätt beroende på elevens behov, och alla beskriver stödet som positivt. Resultatet visar också att de två pedagogernas erfarenhet av en integrerad skolstruktur är begränsad, vilket de själv ser som en svårighet. Båda beskriver nödvändigheten av ett samarbete med grundsärskolan, specialpedagog och speciallärare för att kunna möta eleverna på sin nivå och utifrån deras förutsättningar.

The public libraries in Sweden has an obligation to serve all of its citizens, but despite of this they often fail to include their LGBTQ-patrons. Since the year of 2008 RFSL (the Swedish Federation for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Rights) have arranged a specially designed certification-process based on normcritical criterias that a chosen institution should fulfill to make their work more inclusive for LGBTQ-people. Sollentuna is the first municipal in Sweden to certificate all of their libraries. This study aims to examine what the certification have meant for the public library in Sollentuna and how a normcritical view can contribute to include LGBTQ-patrons at the library. As a method we used a qualitative interview-study to get a full picture of the certification-process and its influence on the public library of Sollentuna.

Featured adjuvant chemotherapy treatment in women with breast cancer can lead to pain. The aim of this study was to explore, the variety of perceptions and impact of adjuvantchemotherapy-induced pain in daily life, of some women newly diagnosed with breast cancer.Inclusion criteria were participating in an ongoing stress management projectand chemotherapy of (anthracycline/taxan) in doses of 75mg² or more. Exclusioncriteria were inability to understand and communicate in Swedish and mentalillness. After ethical approval of the sub study in September 2010, women wereconsecutively included through oral and written request. Phenomenologicalapproach was used in the eight interviews and data analysis.

Research show evidence for benefits of breastfeeding and that infant-feeding-plans are supportive. Family-centered care is the theoretical framework. Family support is crucial for successful breastfeeding. It is important that society creates opportunities for mothers to breastfeed and contribute information and support by healthcare professionals. The aim of this study was to evaluate how the midwives and child healthcare nurses found that the newest breastfeeding strategy influenced their breastfeeding- and rearing support in the County of Jönköping.

Karlsson, Emma (2006). Tanken är god men?.En fallstudie om skolpersonals uppfattningar om inkludering av särskoleelever i grundskolans senare årskurser. (It?s a good thought, but? A Case Study of School Employees' Views of Inclusion of Special Education Pupils in Secondary School) Skolutveckling och ledarskap, Specialpedagogisk påbyggnadsutbildning, Lärarutbildningen, Malmö högskola. Arbetet behandlar ämnet en skola för alla och mera specifikt föreställningar om inkludering av särskoleelever i en grundskola för de senare åldrarna, årskurs 7 - 9.

In this essay I consider a self-experienced dilemma, and review how I, as a preschool teacher, treat a child with special needs. With the support of literature and theory, I can, with an essay writing approach, reflect and analyze the dilemma. In this way I will examine my practical knowledge and personal experiences of a complex situation. I want to examine whether children with special needs who are included in regular preschool activities, really get the support they need and deserve. Do educators have the conditions and does preschool have sufficient resources to realize this? Do educators have sufficient knowledge of how children with special needs should be responded to? I want to find out how the included children's social development and self-image is shaped by the treatment they receive at the preschool.

The study aimed to investigate the acute medical chain consisting of SOS operator, ambulance nurse, emergency nurse and emergency physician with regard to the assessment and prioritization of the victim.The design of this journal study is retrospective with descriptive approach. Data were collected from all ambulance missions carried out in Uppsala county 2009-01-01 between the hours 00:00 to 12:00. Sample period was chosen because the prerequisite for high frequency on the ambulance mission was supposed to be good. In order to be able to systematize the compilation of data a protocol were prepared and used. Applicable data were collected from three databases SOS Alarms, ambulance operations, and the University Hospital in Uppsala.

Den här studien utgår ifrån en dokumentanalys med syftet att undersöka på vilket sätt socialpedagogik tar sig uttryck i Socialstyrelsens rapport om utredningssystemet BBIC, Barns behov i centrum. Centrala begrepp för studien är socialisation och inklusion och det är även utifrån dessa vår frågeställning utgår ifrån. Undersökningen är gjord med hjälp av en riktad kvalitativ innehållsanalys med ett socialpedagogiskt perspektiv som tolkningsram. I vårt material fann vi två kategorier för inklusion och två för socialisation. Kategorierna för inklusion är Med barnet i fokus, där vikten av barnet som en central del i allt som rör barnet betonas, och Delaktighet, där innehållet tar upp vikten av människors deltagande i barnavårdsärenden och i samhällets olika system.

Protracted social conflicts, as those in Cyprus and Northern Ireland, are based on deep rooted perceptions of identity and definitions of "the other". According to the theory of discursive conflict transformation, war is primarily a social phenomenon, which is legitimated by a discourse of identity defined in terms of exclusionist boundaries and structural ideas of the social relations in society. In order to develop positive peace, the discourse of violence has to be challenged and the discursive structures that enable war have to transform into a counterdiscourse of Inclusion and individuality. For the purpose of making a critical peace analysis, I have, with the assistance of established conflict theories, analysed the basic ideas behind the the Annan Plan and the Belfast Agreement and thus been able to interpret to what extent they may foster positive peace. I argue, that in order to provide basic needs on a group basis, power sharing arrangement, based on ethnicity or religion, exacerbates division rather than ameliorating it.

The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze four educators? views and experiences of working with children with Autism Spectrum Disorders in relation to the concept of "One school for all". Research has shown that a segregating perspective is dominant in the school system, but the education act says that all children have a right to an equal education.My starting point for this study has been the concept of term "One school for all" and the problems that can occur in working with children with Autism Spectrum Disorders. A school for all is a school where all children are welcome and where all children sees as equals regardless of what background or disability they have. This study will be important for newly graduated teachers who are not aware of Autism Spectrum disorders.