This essay is about how basic democratic values are formed in preschool. I have focused on children´s abilities to take on responsibility and also, on the importance of relationships in the development of democratic values in preschool.This essay starts in self-perceived dilemmas, based on my own feeling that the children should have more rights and that the preschool often has too many unreflected rules and routines. The dilemma has been reflected on and has been discussed in relation to other theories. I have also reflected on my own behavior as a teacher and to what extent this behavior has influence on the outcome.The relationship between the governing documents and the work in preschool has been reviewed with the conclusion that they are not synchronized with each other.The investigation shows several examples of the meaning of a good working relationship between teacher and child and that children´s own sense of responsibility should be taken seriously and be recognized as a resource.In the discussion with the theories a connection between democracy, relationships and children´s responsibility was detected. The meaning of a good working communication and the teacher?s significance for the development is central and is made visible and problematized.The concluding words show how the approach to democratic and fundamental values must come to a change in preschools, a change that the teacher partly is responsible for.

There is little doubt that the digital technology has played a major role in reshaping the ways in which we experience the world. In a few decades the Internet has become a vast repository for knowledge and ideas. New arenas where people may meet and fraternize have emerged, and with the help of various digital tools and websites, the production of new material has increased to an almost unfathomable level.But all is not well on the digital front. As the Internet has become a crucial part of our everyday life, certain skills in handling digital media has become very important to master. A well-developed ability to navigate through this ocean of information is needed, and knowledge in managing the risky nature of the internet is critical.

The Swedish society has trough decades developed into a multicultural society. Minority groups such as Sami have been a part of the country for a long time. By being separated from the majority through culture, language etc. minorities demand the right to become independent and have the ability to practice their culture. History show that minorities all over the world have been discriminated and abused by the majorities. Democratic procedures are often advantages for the majority.

This Master's thesis examines segregation between Swedes and immigrants in school, and more specifically segregation between the two elementary schools Vikingaskolan and Tunaskolan in Lund. This case provides a particularly interesting puzzle, since Lund doesn?t have any pronounced immigrant districts, and was also recognized nationally as best municipality for its schools (2004). In this thesis we try to understand the segregation between the two schools in Lund as an implementation dilemma.The theoretical framework applies a model designed by Lennart Lundquist, which includes three potential causes for implementation problems: the implementer doesn?t understand the decision, the implementer can?t apply the decision, the implementer doesn?t want to carry out the decision.

The study deals with the causes of unjustified differences in pay between women and men in the banking sector. The purpose of this paper has been to examine how a gender project implemented in the private banking organizations from a gender-and implementation perspective. The aim of the project examined is to even unjustified differences in pay between men and women in the banking and finance sector. The main issues are: ? How has the project been implemented and what are the real and perceived results? ? How can the opportunities and barriers to successful implementation course with emphasis on gender? The method used is a qualitative study, where the empirical material consisted of focus group interviews.

The thesis explores the meaning of the concept "children's best" in relation to the social Swedish parental insurance debate from a post-structuralist view. The main material has been taken from daily news papers and the methodological as well as theoretical basis is provided for by Laclau & Mouffes discourse theory. In particular has the concept "empty signifiers" been of use when investigating "children's best" as a strong argument on both the "pro" and "against" sides of the debate of an individualized parental insurance. The theoretic purpose of the thesis is also to examine the poststructuralist/feminist dilemma in order to approach a more pragmatic and useful model of the two combined provided by Alcoff and Fraser. One conclusion is that "children's best" may never have an objective answer and will be a changing concept in time, ideology preference and discoursive field.

Physiotherapists treat people with different views of the world and medical beliefs, which require a good understanding of cultural differences. One way to achieve cultural understanding is through self-reflection in a new context. During five weeks the authors, two physiotherapy students, completed a clinical practice at the rehabilitation center Pina Palmera, Zipolite, Oaxaca, Mexico. At the beginning of the period a critical incident was chosen, when the head physiotherapist for the ward Cuidados Especiales intended to sell jewellery to the authors during a treatment of a patient. The authors have by using the reflection framework "Framework to guide reflective process", and Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) for analysis, discussed different ways of communication, adherence, education, and self-reflection and critical thinking.

Trots att det har gått snart 30 år sedan Brasiliens militärdiktatur ersattes av en demokratiskt vald regim är det flera forskare som har kommit att ifrågasätta landets faktiska grad av demokrati ? framförallt i Rio de Janeiros favelas, informella bosättningar. Favelan har under senare årtionden kommit att bli synonymt med; parallell stat under kriminella gängs dominans, extremvåld och en stigmatiserad folkgrupp. Statens många försök i att krossa gängverksamheten har visat sig mindre framgångsrika, men år 2008 introducerar säkerhetssekretariatet en ny polisiär strategi för favelan ? först pacificering och sedan implementering av fredsbevarande polisenheter, s.k.

Multi-branch companies are facing many challenges in order to become successful. Competitive advantages can be gained through a unified strong brand, standardised products and economies of scale. This normally calls for centralisation. On the contrary is decentralisation, which is said to improve work motivation and local market orientation, which are also competitive advantages. The focus of this thesis is to study how local branch managers want their companies to be structured in accordance with this dilemma.

Syftet med studien är att, genom de didaktiska frågorna vad? och varför?, studera synen på begreppet språk i läroplanen för förskolan i Sverige och Finland. En jämförelse av dessa två styrdokument, Läroplan för förskolan Lpfö 98 (Reviderad 2010) (Skolverket 2010) och Grunderna för planen för småbarnsfostran (Stakes 2005), visar på likheter och skillnader i idéer om språk. Metoden för analysen är kvalitativ, och lingvistisk textanalys kombineras med idéanalys. Resultaten visade att likheterna i de studerade styrdokumenten rörde sig om flera gemensamma teman men ordvalen och betoningarna skiljde sig.

Ungdomsarbetslösheten i Sverige är en av de högsta i Europa och det finns inga tecken på att nivån är på väg att vända nedåt. De arbetsmarknadspolitiska reformer som har genomförts kan kritiseras för bristande bidrag till en sänkt ungdomsarbetslöshet, exempelvis är det endast ett fåtal av nystartsjobben som leder till fortsatt anställning och den sänkta arbetsgivaravgiften för ungdomar medför stora dödviktskostnader. Nystartsjobben, den sänkta arbetsgivaravgiften för unga och jobbgarantin för ungdomar bör alla utvärderas vidare och genomgå förändringar. Danmark har en av EU:s lägsta ungdomsarbetslöshetssiffror och landets arbetsmarknadsmodell, den så kallade flexicuritymodellen, har uppmärksammats internationellt. Modellen underlättar för en dynamisk arbetsmarknad och präglas av bland annat ett svagt lagligt anställningsskydd.

The society?s view of pupils with needs of special support in nine-year school has changed over time in Sweden. The teachers? views of the pupils have had an influence of how the special education process is designed. The aim with my paper is to make a comparative study of how special education teachers in rural schools and schools in Stockholm have designed their work with pupils with needs of special support.

Syftet med studien är att utforska och utveckla kunskap om vilka beskrivningar av dyslexi som diagnos professionella med specialpedagogisk kompetens ger, samt deras upplevda erfarenheter av att utreda dyslexi.Metoden för insamling av data har varit intervjuer av specialpedagoger verksamma i två kommuner. Materialet har sedan analyserats och sorterats tematiskt.Resultatet av studien är att dyslexiutredningar utförs på olika sätt i olika kommuner beroende på hur man valt att organisera det och olika organisationsformer kan fungera bra. Deltagarna i studien använder LOGOS som en bas när de utreder dyslexi och deras erfarenhet är att det är en bra grund att utgå ifrån. Utöver det används intervjuer och observationer som utredningsmetod. Deltagarna anser inte att det viktigaste med utredningen är om eleven uppfyller kriterierna för dyslexi eller inte.

Klimatkonventionens ramverk, om att stabilisera graden av växthusgaser i atmosfären på en nivå som minskar människans påverkan på den globala uppvärmningen, fick i Kyoto 1997 ett protokoll som innebar bindande krav för ratificerande länder. Kyotoprotokollet trädde i kraft 2005 med resultatet att samtliga OECD-länder, exklusive USA och Australien, accepterade differentierade åtaganden om att sammantaget minska sina växthusgasutsläpp. Undersökningen utgår från detta faktum och med en jämförande studie mellan Sverige och Australien, genom teorin liberal institutionalism, syftas till att frambringa ett svar på huruvida Kyotoprotokollet är ett effektivt internationellt samarbete ur implementeringssynpunkt. Det empiriska materialet är hämtat från lagtexter och policydokument. Resultat och analys visar att Kyotoprotokollet är effektivt i avseendet att det har bidragit till uppkomsten av en omfattande universell diskussion som har påverkat även ett icke-ratificerande land som Australien att mer aktivt minska sina växthusgasutsläpp.

I have made an inquiry about stage communication, small talk and on-stage rhetoric. The essay is divided into different parts. There is a background part that gives a short overview about other research and literature that has been made on the subject. A background has been put together to help you as a reader to understand the complex science can be. Here you will find work written by Dorothy Irving and Åke Lundberg among others.