Sweden will, in accordance with the EU-directive 2003/54/EC, move from post-regulating the electricity power grid-tariffs by using a fictitious grid, to a regulation in advance which uses the actual power grid as a starting point. For this purpose a component breakdown of the grid needs to be made to determine the value of the network and by that the tariff price that is reasonable for the network business in question to charge.The primary breakdown criteria is the voltage-level and type of region. Voltage-level is crucial for the cost and complexity of a grid-part, because the higher the voltagelevel is, there are more and stricter laws and rules to follow. This work is limited to the distributionpart of the grid, in other words voltage levels from 20 kV and below.The type of region is crucial to the type of components you can and want to use. In city environments both overhead-wires and independent substations are undesirable for both practical, safety and aesthetic reasons.

SYFTE & FRÅGESTÄLLNINGAR Genom vår studie vill vi beskriva den inverkan Instagram har på tjejer och killar i årskurs tre på gymnasiet vad gäller kroppsideal avseende självidentitet, kultur och makt.Hur påverkar medier ungas uppfattning omkroppsideal? Vilken roll har Instagram vad gäller ungdomars syn på kroppsideal och identitetsskapande?METOD &MATERIAL Kvalitativ metod med två fokusgruppsdiskussioner som totalt innefattar tolv personer, sex tjejer och sex killar. Resultatet från våra fokusgrupper har analyserats med hjälp av kvalitativ innehållsanalys.RESULTAT Vi har i vår studie sett tydliga samband mellan media, identitet och bekräftelse på så sätt att media påverkar ungas uppfattning om kroppsideal, deras identitet och bekräftelsebehov. .

Ett problematiskt förhållande till mat kan grunda sig i en negativ kroppsuppfattning vilket isin tur kan bero på de normer och ideal som individen förväntas leva upp till för att passa in.Kroppsideal speglar inte bara hur kroppen bör se ut enligt normen, utan medföljs också avflertalet värderingar och fördomar om innehavaren. Syftet med denna studie är att utforska om,och i så fall hur, kroppsuppfattningen påverkar relationen till ätande hos gymnasieungdomar.För att fördjupa syftet användes frågeställningar som rörde kroppsuppfattning och ätmönster irelation till kön. Skillnaderna mellan könen belyses utifrån ett genusperspektiv. Totalt deltog222 ungdomar i studien som utfördes genom en enkät.Resultatet visade att det var vanligare att reglera sitt ätande eller att ha negativa känslorkopplat till ätande om kroppsuppfattningen var negativ. Det framkom även att det var någotvanligare att tjejer hade negativa känslor kopplat till ätande.

AbstractWhen the Swedish Centre Party, Centerpartiet, just before Christmas 2012 released a draft for new program of ideas a powerful "winter storm" broke out. Ideas that Centerpartiet would abolish compulsory schooling and the right to inheritance and allow polygamy are just a few of the things that cause alarm.It's not the first time during the last years the Centre Party is associated with neo-liberal elements in their party?s ideology. In 2007 Erik Ullenhag criticized Centerpartiet for their new neo-liberalism was a danger to the alliance.The aim of this study is to investigate whether it is possible to see a change in Centerpartiets ideology and how deep it is. From an idea analytical approach based on Ideal Types, created for social liberalism, neoliberalism and ecohumanism, the party programs from 2001 and 2013 are studied.

The aim of this study was to look into why children receive the interventions contact person and contact family. This was done by studying case-files. The main questions were:-       How common is it that there are reasons for the intervention linked to parents and which are the most common?-       How common is it that there are reasons for the intervention and problems linked to children and which are the most common?-       Is there any indication of connections between reasons, age, gender or type of intervention? If so, what are the connections?The main results of this study were that most of the children lived with a single mother, often with a weak social network, and in need of relief. It was more common that reasons were linked to children then parents and the most common reasons indicated a need for an extra adult.

This essay is about how the aesir are used as an ideal image of the original Nordic aspects and as a symbol of heroism and pure strength. The main subject of this essay is to look at how this ideal of masculinity is represented in the art produced during the era of romantic nationalism. The choice of focusing on this era in particular is made due to the fact that it was during this time that the modern images of the aesir and the Vikings were made. The purpose of this study is to examine how the ideal of masculinity reflects upon the artistic interpretations of the Norse mythology in a selected group of art work produced during the 1800?s.

This paper describes a method for wireless energy transfer via near-field electromagnetic inductionthat is inexpensive, simple and can be applied to almost any type of system, regardless of size andenergy demands.The method uses a primary unit consisting of an oscillator, amplifier and inductive coil thattransfers energy to a secondary unit consisting of a coil, rectifier and voltage regulator. Two typesof oscillators and several amplifier designs were realized and evaluated together with a multitudeof flat coils of both monofilar and bifilar type.The results show that it is important to use an oscillator whose frequency is dependent on theinductance of the connected transmission coil, such as the Colpitts oscillator. This is preferable toan oscillator with a preset frequency, such as a Schmitt-trigger oscillator..

In modern, Swedish political science there are different ways of looking at ?democracy?. A very common distinction is that between three groups of democratic theories: electoral democracy, participation democracy and deliberative democracy.The nowadays frequently used concept of electoral democracy is often used as synonymous with the older concept of repre­­­­sen­tative or indirect democracy ? frequently regarded as a contrast to the direct democracy of ancient Athens. However, there are also important differences.

The Swedish Moderate party, often also called the Conservative party, was founded with conservatism as the dominant ideology. During the years, however, liberalism has gradually found its way into the party. The aim of this study is to analyze the Moderate party?s political platforms from 1984 to 2013 from an ideological perspective. Is conservatism still a foundational ideology in the Moderate party, or has the liberal ideology taken its place? The study is based on an Ideal Type analysis that illustrates the Moderate party?s argumentation in six political issues in the years 1984, 1993 and 2013.

Vår uppsats diskuterar hur skolan och föreningar bidrar med en demokratisk fostran av barn och ungdomar. Vi driver tesen att föreningar kan komplettera skolan i att förmedla demokratiska ideal. Med demokratiska ideal menar vi värnandet om alla människors lika värde och förmågan att samarbeta med andra i en demokratisk anda. Vi har utgått från Dahl's institutionella demokratikriterier, den deliberativa demokratiskolan och det sociala kapitalet.Vi har använt oss av tidigare empirisk forskning kring hur skolan respektive föreningar förvaltar den teori vi utgått från. Vi har sedan jämfört resultaten för att se vari olikheterna ligger och om föreningar kompletterar skolan.Resultatet vi fått fram är en verifiering av vår hypotes.

The foundation for this thesis lies in whether or not, and how, the body representation in printed commercials, specific products directed to the body (shampoo, body lotion etc.), has changed during the last fifty years. Four years have been chosen because of the changes in society that we believe might have had an impact. The commercials that have been picked out are the ones that best represent the general view of the body. We have found that the changes when it comes to body presentation has followed the social development to a certain degree, but it is difficult to say how much the society has had an affect on the body ideal in advertising. Representations of the male body is something that has escalated since the early 70?s, fifteen years earlier few commercials was made with male models, and the few there were, never showed more than the face.

This paper examines how the ideal of manhood is portrayed and constructed and how the participation of Swedish soldier volunteers are motivated and legitimatized. The purpose of this examination is to gain understanding and knowledge about the Swedish soldiers in the Swedish brigade, how they legitimatize and motivate their participation and how the ideal of manhood is portrayed and constructed. The study is based on material from the war archive in Stockholm. The empirical material is composed by letters and propaganda material. In the analysis of the empirical study, there have been two theories used which are Eric Hobsbawms historical method and theory about invented traditions and Peter Aronssons historical method and theory about ?historiebruk? and legitimacy.

This essay aims to explore the philosophical meaning of the expression ?present and real? in Clara ? or, On Nature?s Connection to the Spirit World by F. W. J. Schelling.

In the year 1783 a fissure eruption from Laki in the southern part of Iceland produced a large amount of volcanic gases during a period of eight months. The volcanic gases and aerosols spread across the northern hem sphere due to ideal weather conditions and had a substantial impact on the environment, human health and also climate effects. This, so called dry fog, caused severe health problems, which led to death casualties, killing animals, crops and other vegetation. The consequence was a widespread famine which was aggravated by a hard and long winter in 1783/84. Analysis shows that the Icelandic volcanoes are the primary risk to produce dry fog that can affect Sweden.

Vårt arbete syftar till att studera två övergripande tillvägagångssätt gällande annonsering vid en nylansering för att avgöra när det ena tillvägagångssättet förespråkas framför det andra. En kvalitativ studie i form av 4 individuella delvis öppna djupintervjuer har genomförts genom att utgå från en tolkningsbaserad ansats. Intervjuerna har genomförts med personer från en mediebyrå, reklambyrå, ett högteknologiskt företag samt en mediekanal. Teorier om produktlivscykeln, lansering, målgrupp, självkoncept, typ av produkt samt reklamens utformning behandlas i studien. De slutsatser som kan dras är att det inte finns någon generell ideal tidpunkt för annonserig vid lansering av en ny produkt.