Bakgrund: I och med att Basel II har instiftats i Sverige så måste finansiella institutioner beräkna sin marknadsrisk på sina portföljer. Detta kan göras genom olika VaR metoder. Dessa ger dock olika uppskattningar på marknadsrisken. De finansiella instituten får använda sig av den metod som de anser reflektera marknadsrisken bäst. Det finns dock ingen metod som utsetts till standard.Syfte: Syftet med detta arbete är att jämföra olika VaR-metoders skattning av marknadsrisken utifrån verkligt utfall, för att urskilja vilken metod som är funktionsdugligast.Avgränsningar: Denna undersökning inkluderar fyra olika VaR metoder.

Syftet med föreliggande studie var att undersöka om det fanns någon skillnad mellan de som varit anställd få respektive många år samt mellan de som arbetade dagtid och de som arbetade skift gällande uppfattningen av säkerhetsklimatet avseende både ledningen säkerhetsarbete och arbetsgruppens säkerhetsarbete på ett bruk inom massa- och pappersindustrin. Totalt deltog 92 medarbetarna i studien och dessa fick besvara frågeformuläret, Nordic Safety Climate Questionnaire (NOSACQ-50). Resultatet visade att de som arbetat många år uppfattade både ledningens och arbetsgruppens säkerhetsarbete som bättre än de som arbetat få år. Det visade sig även att de som arbetade dagtid uppfattade, om än bara i närheten till signifikant, ledningens säkerhetsarbete bättre än de som arbetade skift. Att ha en förståelse kring att det finns skillnader i uppfattningen av säkerhetsklimatet och vad dessa kan bero på kan vara av vikt för att skapa ett bättre säkerhetsarbete på företaget, något som diskuteras i uppsatsen..

This thesis describes a method of measuring axial magnetic leakage flux in an operational hydropower generator. Axial magnetic leakage flux is the magnetic flux at the ends of a rotating generator, which goes through the stator parallel to the rotor axis. This flux can cause circulating currents in the stator iron, giving rise to losses, and can in the worst case overheat a generator, causing it to melt down. To measure the axial flux, and how it affects the generator temperature, a measurement system was constructed on behalf of Vattenfall. The system consists of search coil sensors and a signal-processing unit with amplifiers and active filtering.  To confirm the behaviour of the axial leakage flux and the functionality of the measurement system, a test installation was made.

Introduction: There was a reduction in Sweden of the share capital in 2010, in which the share capital was reduced from 100 000 SEK to 50 000 SEK. The reason behind the reduction of the share capital was to enable more people to start limited liability companies in Sweden. Meanwhile in Europe, they questioned the function of the share capital, and as a result of this discussion a number of European countries have abolished the requirement for the share capital in limited liability companies.Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate what meaning the share capital has to entrepreneurs based on their own businesses, and to see what function the share capital have for the creditors.Problem: What are the meaning of the share capital for today´s entrepreneurs and its creditors?Methodology: The study is based on a qualitative research method in which a cross-sectional study was done with four small limited liability companies and four creditors.Conclusions: The share capital functions and meaning has lost its intended meaning as creditor protection and the help to facilitate the raising of capital. The share capitals intention has to some extent been eroded.

A great deal of the nature experience we get today is from travelling along our roads, which to a large extent go through the forest landscape. This makes the forest along our roads interesting to look at from a nature experience perspective. The main idea of this work is to increase the awareness of how we are affected by the forest when we travel through it and find out how the forest should be adapted to the road environment to create a pleasant nature experience as well as increase traffic safety. 0.9 % of Sweden's total forest area (equivalent to 200 000 hectares) is in close proximity to roads. Additionally, in Sweden 440 million hours are spent behind the wheel of which a great deal probably is spent on roads surrounded by forest in some form.

The main purpose of this essay is to study the Swedish labor law concerning employees who are, aspire to be, or are expected to become parents, both men and women. Thereby accomplishing a gender perspective on the issue at hand. The study also take in to account the laws issued by the European Union, and their impact on the Swedish law system, so as to gain an international perspective. The laws regarding parental leave, both Swedish and European, involve protection for workers from being treated in a less favorable way than someone in a comparable situation, as employers are forbidden to disfavor any employee or job-seeker in basically all situations in the work place or in a recruiting context, if the disfavor is in any way related to the parental leave. The only situation where an employer is allowed to disfavor an employee regarding his or her parental leave, is if the disfavoring is a necessary consequent of the employee?s absence.

The aim of this study is to examine the legal regulation regarding the psychosocial work environment for temporary agency workers. Furthermore, the aim of the study is to examine how temporary agency workers perceive their psychosocial work environment, and possible consequences of such perception. The methodology of the study consists of practical legal method and qualitative method in the form of interviews.The results show that the psychosocial work environment for temporary agency workers is regulated at both the EU legal level by Directive as well as at national level in Arbetsmiljölagen and regulations issued by Arbetsmiljöverket. The study finds that health and safety responsibility for temporary agency workers is shared between the agency and the client company. The result of the study indicates that there are shortcomings in the introduction and training of temporary agency workers, which can contribute to an unsatisfactory work environment.

Social media has recently expanded dramatically, as more people are using different media such as blogs, Facebook and Twitter, to express their opinions. This increases the possibilities to spread information and an unclear legal regulation in this area can create adverse consequences. Freedom of expression is a constitutional right, which forms an important cornerstone of a democratic society. Public employees? freedom of communication means that they can submit information to the media, without fear of reprisals from the authorities.

The topic of this master thesis in legal science is state law and constitutional law, or more specific judicalization, with the division of power and thus increased individual legal rights in various forms. Sweden has traditionally had a weak constitutional protection for the individual?s legal rights. The public power has been concentrated to the government and the courts have only played a marginal role. Since the implementation of the European convention of legal rights and with the ever-increasing importance of the legal system of the European Union, the Swedish legal system gone through changes of historical dimensions.This master thesis is based on the legal dogmatic method where laws, preparatory work, case law and doctrines have been systemized.

The proponents for conscience wants to get a clause that will allow the health professionals to due. scruples waive certain duties. Swedens decision makers has despite pressure from the Christian De-mocrats and the Sweden Democrats decided not to implement freedom of conscience in health care. The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether Sweden has the obligation to provide for freedom of conscience in health care. Furthermore, it must be examined, whose rights according to the law will go first, health professionals right to freedom of conscience or the patient right to equal treat-ment.

Vinderosion på jordbruksmark har länge varit ett välkänt faktum trots att någon utförligare undersökning om dess omfattning och skadeverkan inte tidigare genomförts. Mot bakgrund av detta har därför ett nordeuropeiskt projekt, WEELS (Wind Erosion on European Light Soils), dragits i gång som syftar till kartlägga vinderosionen på sandig jordbruksmark i norra Europa och som man i slutändan hoppas ska kunna resultera i en vinderosionsmodell. Detta har genomförts med SOIL modellen, en matematiskt fysikaliskt baserad modell för simulering av vatten och värmeflöde i en skiktad jordmånsprofil..

One of the main tasks of the Swedish Armed Forces over the past few years has been International assignments, which increased the importance of the Lessons Learned process. Methods of simulator training with computers have become more frequent and the technical ability to collect digital data from sensors has been developed as well. This work demonstrates how the experience of Lessons Learned can be communicated with the computer simulator StriSimPC and how modern technology in future support experiences from the Lessons Learned process at the tactical level in the Army.Currently knowledge sharing consists of several processes and strategies in the Swedish Armed Forces. This is done by written reports, oral presentations and different practical exercises.This case study shows the functions of the simulator StriSimPC, methods of training and how it is used today. The study also describes the future opportunities, where digital metadata acquired from the modern combat vehicles could contribute sharing of experience in the Lessons Learned process.The summarized conclusions indicate that StriSimPC can combine the two strategies for personalization and codification of knowledge transfer to reach a higher level of learning.

Ett digitalt vågfilter av Richardstyp har implementerats i en FPGA på ett utvecklingskort. Sampel kan skickas till filtret och mottas från filtret via serieporten på en dator. Metoden som användes är att en modell av filtret konstruerades i Simulink. Filtret har modifierats med avseende på skalning, brus och stabilitet. VHDL-koden till filtret genererades i Simulink genom att bygga modellen av Xilinx Blockset.

AbstractSAAB has for a long time used user controlled pilot models in ARES. ARES is a simulation tool used in the desktop environment for simulations and calculations of the JAS 39 Gripen fighter and other aircraft. ARES stands for ?Aircraft Rigid body Engineering Simulation?. To work with these pilot models has been both time-consuming and inefficient.

Det här arbetets slutgiltiga uppgift har varit att skapa ett första utkast till enövergripande plan för en jämn fördelning av spelmoment för spelet Testament, ett spel som utvecklas för Svenska Kyrkan med syfte att användas inom konfirmandundervisning. Med spelmoment menas exempelvis story, miljö, utrustning och liknande.Arbetet ger inledningsvis en kort översikt över hur leveldesignen inom dataspel har utvecklats och går därefter in på det mer specifika området gameplay progression, utvecklat av Mike Lopez, som ger en översyn över vad som krävs för att skapa ett spel med en jämn fördelning av spelmoment.Därefter används denna metod för att analysera det redan befintliga spelet The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess, för att testa Lopez metod, innan arbetet med att skapa en egen plan tar vid.Resultatet av uppsatsen har nått målet med en övergripande plan för en jämnfördelning av spelmoment för spelet Testament, en plan som dock kommer att behöva ses över och omarbetas under det att utvecklingen av det faktiska spelet tar vid, men som ger en bra överblick över vilka delar som fungerar väl och vilka som kan behöva extra arbete i den stundande utvecklingen..