?Coming from Sweden and you haven?t heard of it?? Detta citat exemplifierar den självbild som det post-kommunistiska profileringsarbetet tenderar att präglas av. Bristen på insikt känns påtaglig under ett möte med en högt uppsatt tjänsteman inom Pärnu Development Department. Denna problematik skall dock inte förlöjligas utan måste sättas i relation till de omständigheter som skapat den.De tidigare socialistiskt präglade staterna har varit tvungna att anpassa sig till markandsekonomin med förändrade efterfrågemönster och nya konkurrenssituationer. Dessa förhållanden kan verka självklara för ett västeuropeiskt land, men för ett post- kommunistiskt land där marknadsföring och destinationsutveckling i princip inte existerat, var de här förutsättningarna något nytt.

BB som verksamhet har förändrats över tid och är idag en plats där familjen skall kunna vila ut efter förlossningen, i en lugn och trygg miljö. Att fadern på olika sätt är delaktig kring sitt barn främjar faderskapet. Syftet med studien var att beskriva förstagångsfäders upplevelser av delaktighet på BB efter en normal förlossning. För att undersöka fenomenet valdes en deskriptiv, fenomenologisk metod enligt Giorgi. Halvstrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med tio förstagångsfäder i åldrarna tjugotre till fyrtioett år.

Neurography is the most objective and reliable measure of the peripheral nerve function, and it is used to diagnose both local and generalized neuropathies. Neurography can measure both motor and sensory nerve functions. The principle for sensory neurgraphy is to stimulate over the nerve and record proximal or distal from the stimulated electrode.At the Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University Hospital Uppsala, a problem has been identified, in that young adult patients tend to show unexpected abnormal neurography values in relation to the expected, indicated by the reference limits, without clinical correlates. This concerns foremost the sensory amplitudes in median and ulnar nerves. The hypothesis is that the requirement of young adults? amplitudes is too high.

BAKGRUND: Sömn är ett mänskligt behov som behövs för kroppens läkning. Patienterupplever ofta att sömnen inte blir tillfredsställd på sjukhus. Faktorer som uppges ge endålig sömn på sjukhus är miljön, kroppslig och emotionell påverkan hos patienten samtsjuksköterskans arbete. Det är viktigt att sjuksköterskan har kunskaper om åtgärder somfrämjar patienters sömn.SYFTE: Syftet är att beskriva åtgärder som sjuksköterskan kan tillämpa för att främjapatienters sömn på sjukhus.METOD: En litteraturstudie där tio vetenskapliga artiklar analyserades. Datainsamlingenoch analysförfarandet utgick från Fribergs (2006) modell för litteraturöversikter.RESULTAT: Ur analysen framkom fyra teman; beröring, avkoppling genom att lyssna påmusik, reducering av ljud och ljus samt att tillgodose patientens individuella önskemål ochfysiologiska behov.

In my work I have chosen to examine the profitability for small scale production of hemp briquettes. My study also includes a review of which briquette technique that is the most common one among small scale producers. The reason that I have chosen this subject is because of the discussions about climate and energy that we face almost every day. I also think the subject is extra interesting in these days when the grain prizes are at a historic high level. In order for me to achieve a reliable report, a hemp and briquette producer has given me the actual data from his farm. In that way I have been able to make my calculations from a concrete perspective.

Sweden is dependent on secure sea transport. Shorter disruption of imports of fuel and crude oil can be managed with an emergency stock, but a prolonged halt in imports creates problems. For industry, the vulnerability is greater. Fragmented production chains in combination with expenditure reductions in inventory causes a dependency on proper transport of intermediate goods in the manufacturing industry. A lengthy disruption thus involves disruption of production for both domestic consumption and for export goods containing imported parts.In order to secure shipping routes with a limited number of vessels, Mine Counter Measures (MCM) capacity is required, and according to the Armed Forces, developed with new sensors and autonomous vehicles.

The aim of the present study was to gain a deeper understanding of the experiences of the contact with the ?fear of childbirth?-team (called Aurora-team) made by women who feared childbirth. Qualitative content analyses according to Graneheim and Lundman was used to analyse 91 womens own written notes made at the end of a questionnaire which (with a quantitative approach) evaluated the counseling made by the Aurora-team at a hospital in the south of Sweden. The following five categories developed during the analyses; experience of the conversation, not knowing creates fear, thoughts regarding mode of delivery, the importance of how the birth plan is managed and the personnel´s standpoint regarding fear of childbirth. These categories can be seen as parts of the themes of experiences which made the fear of childbirth easier or which made it worse.

Det kunskapssamhälle som råder idag medför att organisationer måste rusta sig och hålla ett högt tempo i den förändringsbenägna omvärlden. Kunskap och lärande ses däremellan som nyckelaktiviteter i relation till förändring vilket i sin tur föder innovation. Forskning har påvisat att småföretag förväntas bidra till en större del av näringslivets tillväxt, men att småföretagen samtidigt har behov av att höja sin innovationskapacitet för att möta utmaningen. Studien avsåg därför att utforska småföretag i extern samverkan för att se huruvida ett sådant kunskapsutbyte skapat förutsättningar för innovation hos den egna organisationen. Med hjälp av en kvalitativ forskningsmetodik undersöktes sex småföretagsledare som deltagit i det lärande nätverket, Tillväxtmotorn, via semistrukturerade intervjuer.

Today, some kind of laboratory results is required for around 70% of the diagnostics and follow-ups for diseases. In many of the cases the time from sampling to a result is very critical. Therefore the discussion of how to improve this situation has begun. For many analyses serum has been the routine choice for a long time but now it is disputed. After blood collection in a serum tube it is essential to wait 30-60 minutes before centrifugation and analysis of the sample, a long time for someone in an acute state.

It can be difficult for young people to find their first job; a solution to this problem may bethrough temporary work at a staffing agency to gain their first experience. As temporary workers,individuals are often forced to frequently change their jobs, which require that the company'sprocesses for introduction are able to transfer the needed knowledge and the temporal employee´s capacity to quickly learn a new role. Knowledge management and knowledge transfer areimportant aspects to most organizations, but how are these aspects used when introducing temporarystaffing personnel to new work? The purpose of the study is to identify the process oftemporary staffing to identify possible suggestions for improvement based on principles ofknowledge transfer. The research question "How can the transfer of knowledge be developed forthe introduction of new staffing personnel?" is divided into sub questions;? ?How is the processto hire temporary staff performed??, ?What problems can occur in the process of introduction ofnew temporal staff?? and ?How can ICT be used to support the introduction of temporal staff??.The theoretical framework is based around theories of the context in which the knowledge transferred,what type of knowledge is to be transferred, the channels that are possible to use to transferknowledge through, employees function as channels to transfer knowledge with a special emphasison the role of the mentor, and the transferee's own motivation and the capacity to receivethe knowledge that is being transferred.To understand the process of hiring temporal staff, a survey was performed using open-ended interviewswith consultants at employment agencies, and with the support of the frameworkDELTA Meta Architecture.

With examples from a single classroom situation, several educational moments show what goes on between the teacher and the student. The teacher?s responsibility in the learning process is, with a gesture frozen in the air of the moment, to lead and follow the student in her tentative efforts at seeking knowledge. Initially, it is an attempt to shed light upon the "not yet seen" with a certainty that the student herself possesses the capacity and the aptitude to reach greater insight and clarity in her understanding. The Validation/Feil Method presented in this instructional situation illustrates how best to communicate with elderly people suffering from Alzheimer?s dementia.

The aim of the study was to assess the speech outcome in children with cleft palate operated with the Gothenburg Technique at Maria Sklodowska Curie Children?s Hospital. Eighteen participants with unilateral cleft lip palate were recorded and assessed through a single word test. Percent consonants correct and cleft speech characteristics were calculated after phonetic transcription. Intelligibility ratings and velopharyngeal composite scores were reported.

Bakgrund: Sömnen har stor betydelse för återhämtning vid sjukdom och bevarande av god hälsa. Många gånger skiljer sig vårdmiljön från patienternas normala omvärld och möjligheten för inlagda patienter att påverka sin sovsituation är ofta liten.Syfte: Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att belysa de faktorer som vuxna patienter upplever som störande för sömnen under sjukhusvistelsen.Metod: Litteraturstudien som genomfördes grundades på tolv utvalda vetenskapliga artiklar. Dessa artiklar granskades, analyserades och sammanställdes.Resultat: Studien visade att det fanns flera olika faktorer som patienterna upplevde som störande för sömnen under sjukhusvistelsen. Det visade sig även förekomma delade meningar kring hur mycket sömnen påverkats utav vistelsen på sjukhus. De faktorer som identifierades som störande för sömnen presenteras under följande kategorier: medicinska faktorer, omvårdnad & sjuksköterske faktorer, omgivningsfaktorer och personliga faktorer.Slutsats: Denna studie visar att den verksamhet som bedrivs idag och de bestämmelser som styr vården bidrar till att patienter upplever svårigheter att sova under sjukhusvistelsen.

The aim of the study was to investigate nurses? perception about patients? participation in medicine treatment and how to make the patient participate. A qualitative method was used and six nurses were interviewed. The nurses? perceptions of patients? participation in medicine treatment were characterized especially by patients having good knowledge about their medicines.

The aim of this thesis is to investigate which the main determinants of capital structure in Swedish listed firms are and to identify which incentives lies behind managers choice of capital structure determinants. Further, the study investigates whether the Post Keynesian theory and theories which incorporate behavioral aspects can be used to explain the capital structure decisions or if the traditional Neoclassical theory give an better explanation. We have used a qualitative method to analyze the determinants of capital structure and the managers incentives behind capital structure decision. We conducted a survey which was sent to 83 Chief Financial Managers and financial executives in Swedish firms listed on Mid Cap or Large Cap. The questionnaire was on-line which enabled for the respondents to quickly and convenient respond.