ABSTRACTEssay in political science, C-level by Cecilia HolmbergSpring semester 2006, Tutor: Arne Larsson- Ideological similarities between the Swedish Socialdemocratic and the Swedish conservative party- An idealanalysis of different political issuesThe purpose of this essay is to examine wheater the political ideologies have lost their importance in the Swedish political system. The study will focus on the ideological similarities or differences between the two largest parties in Sweden, the socialdemocratic and the conservative party. Therefore, the main research question is:? Are there any ideological similarities or differences between the socialdemocratic and the conservative party?To be able to answer this question, I have used Herbert Tingsten?s idealanalysis. This type of analysis examines how someone, in this case a political party, describes reality.

Sammanfattning: Denna studie handlar om vänskapen mellan en grupp kvinnor. Det finns en hel del forskning och litteratur i ämnet men dock inte inom sociologin samt under 2000-talet vilket varit upptakten till denna studie samt ett starkt intresse i ämnet. Uppsatsen besvarar frågeställningen: Vad är och innebär vänskap för de kvinnor som ingått i denna studie? Förändras vänskap med tiden, i så fall varför och vad påverkas förändringen utav? Vad speglar vänskapen idag under 2000-talet bland de kvinnor som deltagit i denna studie? Metoden bygger på en kvalitativ forskningsmetod där urvalet baserats på en grupp kvinnor över 30 år i syfte att just denna åldersgrupp uppskattats ha hunnit med en hel del genom livet samt att de förväntades ha en stor erfarenhet i ämnet. Denna studie visar att vänskapen är ett behov som hela tiden är i förändring beroende på de behov som uppkommer hos en individ.

The main purpose of this study is to investigate and with it clarifying what is meant by a dismissal for personal reasons must be based on valid reasons. More specifically, what is valid reason and what is required for that demand to be regarded as fulfilled.To my help to achieve this I have asked questions such as what kind of behavior from the employee can be the basis for a valid termination of the employment, what factors do the court put emphasis on in a trial and what is the requirements for the employer during the dismissal.The study has further objectives which are to illustrate the phenomenon of valid reason from a diversity perspective and from an international perspective. To achieve those objectives following questions have been asked: Is some groups covered in a greater extent than others by the requirement that a termination of employment must have valid reasons and are there international counterparts to the Swedish requirement that a dismissal must be factually based.What emerged from the study judicial inquiry is that the phenomena to which the employee is guilty of first is to see as valid reason when the employee are aware of the obligations undertaken in the employment but acting against them and inflicts some sort of damage for the employer.With regard to the employer's obligations in a termination proceeding are they to see as comprehensive and can be summed up to the fact that the employer should do everything in his power to avoid a dismissal.When it comes to the factors a court should take into account is this also a matter of major proportions. The court shall take into account all of the circumstances relating to the dismissal, which means that, with absolutely certainty, determine in advance what the court will decide is an almost impossible task.Furthermore, it emerged from the study that the requirement that a dismissal for personal reasons must be based on valid reasons may come to certain groups of workers to a greater extent than others. The study's investigation also indicates that the Swedish legislation, as it reads today, probably in breach of regulations enacted by the European Union.   .

Large quantities of chemicals are used in all areas of society. The chemicals can be toxic and dangerous for the environment if used incorrectly. To protect people and the environment from dangerous chemicals, a good control of them and an active work to phase out hazardous substances in all areas where chemicals are present, are needed. Banverket and Vägverket handle in production a wide range of chemical products. Many of the products are dangerous to the environment, for those who work with them and to others who may come into contact with them.

I denna uppsats är det övergripande syftet att studera grupprocesser och identitetsskapande inom supporterkulturen. De frågeställningar studien avser att besvara utgörs av supporterskapets betydelse för individens identitetsskapande, skapandet och upprätthållandet av supportergruppen och supportergruppens eventuella påverkan på individens moraliska förhållningssätt. Studien tillämpar ett kvalitativt angreppssätt baserat på intervjuer och en kortare observation. Uppsatsens teoretiska ram består av Erving Goffmans och George Herbert Meads identitetsteorier, Randall Collins teori om ?Interaction ritual chains? och Howard S.

The aim of this thesis is to analyse and problematize the concept of culture and its changes during the 1960s. By examining articles out of the periodical Ord&Bild 1962-1972, I show how an aesthetically marked concept, closely related to the concept of art, changes into an anthropological perspective where attention is drawn to the social, economical, political and ideological aspects. This change is viewed in relation to the works of three prominent cultural theorists from the 1960s: Raymond Williams, Marshall McLuhan and Herbert Marcuse.The change that the concept of culture undergoes can be illuminated in several ways. Epistemologically questions of art, its objectivity and relation to reality, are replaced by questions of the function of art and of its role as reproducing ideas and norms of a bourgeois society. Economical and social aspects are used as critical factors in discussing the role and conception of culture, a perspective that gives the discussion a political and ideological edge.

ABSTRACTEssay in political science, C-level by Cecilia HolmbergSpring semester 2006, Tutor: Arne Larsson- Ideological similarities between the Swedish Socialdemocratic and the Swedish conservative party- An idealanalysis of different political issuesThe purpose of this essay is to examine wheater the political ideologies have lost their importance in the Swedish political system. The study will focus on the ideological similarities or differences between the two largest parties in Sweden, the socialdemocratic and the conservative party. Therefore, the main research question is:? Are there any ideological similarities or differences between the socialdemocratic and the conservative party?To be able to answer this question, I have used Herbert Tingsten?s idealanalysis. This type of analysis examines how someone, in this case a political party, describes reality.

The purpose of this thesis is to study how preschool teachers can reach the goal of the swedish educational plan to prevent traditional gender roles for children ages 3-6 through drama in education.This is answered by four hypothesis based on Judith Butler's queer theory, George Herbert Mead's social psychological theory and Gavin Bolton and Dotothy Heathcotes drama pedagogical theories. The hypotheses are tested against four teachers' examples of their work.The hypotheses areHypothesis 1: By using the expert's mantle and active observation in teacher-in-role indrama educational exercises, we can see how the children internalize the heterosexualmatrix and the outline of the internalized other.Hypothesis 2: By using the "mistakes" that occur when children repeat performativeacts that do not fit with the heterosexual matrix, these other possible behaviors can bestrengthenedHypothesis 3: Through drama exercises that are not normative teachers can widen theheterosexual matrixHypothesis 4: Through drama pedagogical methods like teacher-in-role teachers canprovide possibilities of other performative acts and the creation of a more tolerantinternalized other.The analysis show that the respondents work within all these hypotheses in different ways and thathypotheses 2 is the one with the weakest support in the interwievs. The examples are also weakregarding the use of Boltons drama pedagogical methods, but that there are a number of othermethods in use.Some of the conclusions are that more theoretical knowledge in the preschool drama pedagogics tocounteract traditional gender roles and patterns, as well as the drama of educational theory need tobe linked to queer and social psychology research. There is also no monitoring of the long term effects of the work..

In public libraries there seems to be an unspoken consensus on what literary quality is. At the same time librarians are always eager to express the opinion that quality lies in the eye of the beholder. Quality is, it is said, something that you don t have to define. But at the same time it s up to everyone to decide what quality means to them. What I have been missing from the discussion in libraries about literary quality is a theoretical awareness about what it means to divide literature into higher and lower spheres.

This Master?s thesis provides insights into adult women?s fictional reading within the conceptual phrase ?a good book?. Eight qualitative and semi-structured interviews were performed in order to examine the nature of response and perceived benefits. The collected data were analyzed by Louise M. Rosenblatt?s reception-oriented transactional theory of reading and the cognitive psychology-based model of reading developed within the joint Nordic project SKRIN.

Vad händer vid en medling och hur upplevs detta möte av de parter som ingår i medlingsprocessen? Denna fråga är utgångspunkten i föreliggande uppsats vilken belyser gärningspersoners och brottsoffers upplevelser samt den förändrade syn på sig själva och den andra parten vilken medlingen bidragit till. Medling vid brott innebär att gärningsperson och brottsoffer möts och samtalar om sina upplevelser av brottet. Denna uppsats har med intervjuer som bas studerat parternas egna upplevelser av medlingssituationen. De teoretiska utgångspunkterna för uppsatsen är George Herbert Meads ?Den Generaliserade andre?, Thomas Scheff och Susanne Retzingers skambegrepp, Erving Goffmans samspelsteori samt ?Det intersubjektiva tredje? vilket beskrivs av Samuel Gerson.

Denna studie behandlar en alternativ pedagogik och belyser ett alternativt arbetsätt till den kommunala skolan. Den pedagogik som behandlas är waldorfpedagogiken och den avhandlas allmänt och med en enskild del som är riktad mot waldorfskolans sätt att arbeta med matematikundervisningen i de lägre åldrarna. Waldorfskolans bakgrund och tankar beskrivs och även dess metodik och undervisningsinnehåll. En djupare studie i en alternativ pedagogik kan utveckla synen på undervisningsmetoder och få tips på hur man kan lägga upp undervisningen. Ett annat syfte är att skapa en förståelse varför waldorfpedagogerna arbetar som dom gör.

This essay consists of a heuristic analysis of referents in the Swedish educational act, leaning on the methodological guidelines of discourse analysis. The overall aim of the essay has been to analyse in what way language in the educational act works as guidelines and law in relation to teachers? work. To correspond to this aim an openly structured questionnaire has been used, providing an empirical view of how teachers understand certain words, or referents, in the educational act. This empirical data has then been shaped to a spectrum view of the definitions of the referents showing a number of deductable facts, including the significance of the apparent use of institutional and professional language, which then have been viewed from two theoretical perspectives.

I förskolan finns det två yrkeskategorier, barnskötare och förskollärare. Förskolan har blivit en egen skolform som fått egen läroplan som reviderats och fått tydligare riktlinjer för förskollärare och arbetslag. Som en följd av detta har kraven på personalen höjts. Med utgångspunkt i begreppen identitet och kompetens samt i identitetsteorier vill vi försöka närma oss en förståelse för hur de båda yrkeskategorierna ser på sin egen och varandras yrkesroll och kompetens. Vi undrar också hur de tänker kring förskolans framtid, kommer det fortsatt att finnas två yrkeskategorier i förskolan? För att få syn på detta har vi gjort en kvalitativ studie och för att samla in vår empiri valde vi att göra halvstrukturerade intervjuer.

Denna uppsats behandlar lärarkårens nationalismunder perioden 1882-1914. Dess syfte är att undersöka hur lärarkåren underdenna period ansåg att man bäst förmedlade nationell fostran och vad dennafostran borde innebära. Med hjälp av den tidigare forskningen på området somofta behandlar skolans roll och funktion inom nationalistisk fostran så har jagtagit mig an att undersöka hur lärarkåren själva uttryckt denna sin roll ochuppgift genom sitt dåtida fackorgan SvenskLäraretidning. De teorier som jag stöder mig på har framföralltpresenterats av författarna Eric Hobsbawm och Herbert Tingsten. Den förre harbeskrivit ingående hur nationalism, patriotism och fosterlandskärlek bildas ochvad de stöder sig på, den senare har mer ingående beskrivit processen i Sverigeoch i förhållande till skolväsendet.