The sun is an endless energy source and the heat it produces can be used to heatup our homes. This technology is relatively old and was introduced in the late70-s. There are two kinds of solar collectors that are most frequently used todayand these are plain solar collectors and vacuum solar collectors. The plain solarcollectors are the once that are used the most but the vacuum solar collectorshave increased more as a percentage the last couple of years.The biggest question asked regarding an investment in solar heating is if theplant is economically profitable. This question has no direct answer because itis dependent on a couple of prerequisites.

This master thesis is an in-depth study of an existing heating system at a household cooperative in Uppsala that has been converted from district heating to a bedrock heat pump system. The study focuses on an economical system optimisation of the building?s complete heating system. The aim was to determine how well a heat pump system in large buildings actually work, find out possible ways to optimize the existing system and point out important system parameters for new heat pump installations in larger buildings.The project points out a possible energy cost reduction of 45 % without investment and further cost reductions with equipment investments. A reduction by 30 % is possible by improvements in the regulation system and 15 % is possible by maintaining the brine system.

The sun is an endless energy source and the heat it produces can be used to heatup our homes. This technology is relatively old and was introduced in the late70-s. There are two kinds of solar collectors that are most frequently used todayand these are plain solar collectors and vacuum solar collectors. The plain solarcollectors are the once that are used the most but the vacuum solar collectorshave increased more as a percentage the last couple of years.The biggest question asked regarding an investment in solar heating is if theplant is economically profitable. This question has no direct answer because itis dependent on a couple of prerequisites.

AbstractThe purpose of this bachelor thesis is to describe the use of artificial insemination (AI) in sheep and discuss the possibilities for AI in Sweden. Male and female fertility, heat detection, semen handling and insemination techniques in sheep are described. Advantages and disadvantages of AI are discussed. In order to achieve genetic progress it is important with well planned and implemented breeding programs. The Swedish Sheep Recording Scheme and computer software from Elitlamm are the basis for sheep breeding in Sweden.

The Swedish energy company Vattenfall is currently the owner of the district heatingsystems in Nyköping and Motala. To be able to also offer cooling solutions tocustomers are becoming more and more important. This report describes the resultsof an investigation of the cooling market in the two cities and the potential needs forcooling today and in the coming 20 years. The total potential for the coming 20 yearsis estimated to be roughly 17 MW for Nyköping and 9 MW for Motala.Two possible district cooling systems for each of the two city centers was modeledand a comparison was made between different cooling techniques namely absorptionand compressor chillers.Absorption chillers driven with district heating during the summer is one way ofincreasing the load in a combined heat and power plant and thereby the possibleelectricity generation. The cost of heat production must be low for absorption chillerto be able to compete as an alternative.

This report will show the energy usage of Hotel Princess in Sandviken, Sweden. When the hotel changed owner an examination of the hotels heating, ventilation and sanitary systems were done. The report showed flaws in the ventilation system, and is why the new owner wanted a closer look at the energy use of the hotel. The original building was built in the 1930s and two major extensions have been built, one in the 1950s and the most recent in the 1980s. An assumption made is that the building parts were built to the restrictions during the time. Activities on the hotel include sleep over, conference, night club, massage and swimming in the hotels pool section.

The sun is an endless energy source and the heat it produces can be used to heatup our homes. This technology is relatively old and was introduced in the late70-s. There are two kinds of solar collectors that are most frequently used todayand these are plain solar collectors and vacuum solar collectors. The plain solarcollectors are the once that are used the most but the vacuum solar collectorshave increased more as a percentage the last couple of years.The biggest question asked regarding an investment in solar heating is if theplant is economically profitable. This question has no direct answer because itis dependent on a couple of prerequisites.

I detta examensarbete har termiska förhållanden undersökts för modulen eSite som är under utveckling av företaget Flexenclosure. eSite omvandlar och riktar ström från en mängd olika producenter och skickar denna vidare till förbrukare. Kylning av komponenter tänkta att sitta inuti eSite har simulerats och analyserats. Komponenterna är placerade på en värmesänka, över vilken naturlig konvektion uppkommer. Denna företeelse har undersökts med hjälp av både manuella beräkningar och datorstödda flödessimuleringsberäkningar (CFD) i mjukvaran Ansys® 14.5 och beräkningsverktyget Fluent?.

In Uppsala CHP Plant, there are six pressure reducing valves to reduce the pressure from 15 to 3 bars, before six absorption heat pumps. During the process the energy is conserved but losses occur in form of exergy. The aim of this thesis is to reduce the losses of exergy. This can be done by letting turbines replace the pressure reducing valves.In this thesis an investigation has been done of the conditions today, the conditions after the change from pressure reducing valves to turbines and a comparison of three different types of turbine solutions. The three examined solutions are one turbine, several helical screw expanders and several small turbines in parallel with asynchronous generators.The six absorption heat pumps have been divided into two groups; one group of four and one group of two absorption heat pumps.

For Skattkärr IF a turf field with warming has been projected to increase field?s utilization hours and to have a longer period for athletes to perform their activities outdoors. The technique chosen to heat the plan is a type of a geothermal heating system without a heat pump. The brine, which is water with 30% ethanol, collects heat from the borehole and discharges it to a coil in the field. There is at position 11 boreholes but it is planned to increase the number to 31, which is the design for the facility.

Cooling down the indoor air can be done in several ways. One way is desiccantcooling which will be used at the Stockholm Arena. This method is used in airhandling units that use temperature changes and moisture fluctuations in the air. Oneof the steps is to add heat during the cooling process in order to reduce the relativehumidity of the exhaust air. The air passes thru an adsorptions rotor which thenabsorbs moisture from the supply air.

The industrial sector accounts for a large share of greenhouse gas emissions. To reduce its negative impact on the environment is crucial in the quest for a sustainable future. In discussions of the industrial sector's impact on the environment guidelines have been highlighted as a tool to assist the industries in their efforts to change the relationship between the consumption of energy and production. This by improving energy efficiency and a shift to the best available technology. During the past 30 years the steel industry has reduced its energy consumption per ton of steel produced by 50 percent.

Idrottsrörelsen och då främst lagidrotten har genomgått en ökad internationalisering, allt fler spelare flyttar över landsgränserna korta perioder för att spela i olika lag och därigenom höja kvaliteten där. Den fria rörligheten genom EG-rätten har medfört en internationaliserad marknad för elitidrottare vilket har lett till att de nationella skattereglerna blivit allt viktigare för att klara av den internationella konkurrensen. I Sveriges skattelagstiftning är begreppen obegränsat och begränsat skattskyldig för fysiska personer i IL av stor betydelse, dessa regler bestämmer vilka inkomster som är skattepliktiga i Sverige. För utländska elitidrottare som kommer till Sverige för att utöva sin idrott gäller främst reglerna om begränsad skattskyldighet enligt A-SINK förutsatt att de är här tillfälligt och inte stadigvarande. Inom idrottsrörelsen är ofta problemet om idrottsutövaren ska anses stadigvarande i Sverige eller inte enligt reglerna i IL.

Idrottsrörelsen och då främst lagidrotten har genomgått en ökad internationalisering, allt fler spelare flyttar över landsgränserna korta perioder för att spela i olika lag och därigenom höja kvaliteten där. Den fria rörligheten genom EG-rätten har medfört en internationaliserad marknad för elitidrottare vilket har lett till att de nationella skattereglerna blivit allt viktigare för att klara av den internationella konkurrensen. I Sveriges skattelagstiftning är begreppen obegränsat och begränsat skattskyldig för fysiska personer i IL av stor betydelse, dessa regler bestämmer vilka inkomster som är skattepliktiga i Sverige. För utländska elitidrottare som kommer till Sverige för att utöva sin idrott gäller främst reglerna om begränsad skattskyldighet enligt A-SINK förutsatt att de är här tillfälligt och inte stadigvarande. Inom idrottsrörelsen är ofta problemet om idrottsutövaren ska anses stadigvarande i Sverige eller inte enligt reglerna i IL.

We are heading towards a huge switch of how energy is produced with fossil fuels being replaced by renewable energy sources. It is not difficult to replace the energy you use in the house and there is no need for futuristic technology. There are already many established products on the market such as high efficiency vacuum solar collectors, heat pumps & small wind power stations that can supply the energy being used in a house. The company Sol & Energiteknik SE AB in Huskvarna has many different products which can reduce the need for an outside energy distributor. An average house in Sweden uses 15 000 kWh for heating, 5000 kWh for tap water and 5000 kWh for electricity.