In our bachelor thesis we have strived to examine the representation of journalism students in Nicaragua. The freedom of press is much lower compared to Sweden and the journalist profession is protected by a certificate. It is also a high level of corruption within the country. Our investigation concerns who has access to the journalist education and the goal is to compare that with the public in Nicaragua. To be able to examine the representation among the journalism students we have chosen seven different aspects to examine, the sex of the student, witch social class they belong to, their academic background, religion, ethnicity, geographical belonging and political view.

Maternal behaviour is crucial for the development of the rat pups? behaviour and stressresponses later in life. There are numerous studies evaluating the effects of the dams?behaviours on the pups, but not many addressing what can be made for wellbeing of the ratdams when breeding. Few studies have addressed the question of how the commonly usedrearing environment effects the dams? behaviour and in the long run how it effect the ratsreared to become our research models.

Post-anaesthetic myopathy (PAM) is a serious occasional complication of general anaesthesia in horses. It causes not only pain and suffering to the horse, but also suffering (trauma) to the owner with increased veterinary costs. In the worst case PAM can be fatal. The anaesthetic nurse must know which parameters have to be taken into consideration in the prevention of PAM, to be able to prevent it, and use that knowledge for the animals safety. The aim of this literature review was to investigate and make a presentation of the factors and measurements associated with PAM, with focus on how to monitor these measurements to prevent it from happening, and the advice a Veterinary nurse can give to the horse owner regarding this condition. According to literature there a few factors that greatly increase the risk of PAM, these include- hypotension, periods less than 60 mmHg significantly increases the risk.

Bakgrund: Studier visar på att användandet av omvårdnadsdiagnoser har flera fördelar för sjuksköterskans omvårdnadsarbete. De främjar patientens delaktighet i vården samt uppmärksammar sjuksköterskan på patientens omvårdnadsbehov. Andra studier visar på att standardvårdplaner upplevs effektivisera sjuksköterskans omvårdnadsdokumentation och bidra till en likvärdig och god kvalité på vården. Dock kan de anses vara oflexibla och därför behöva kompletteras med en individuell vårdplan. Syfte: Syftet var att undersöka i vilken utsträckning omvårdnadsdiagnoser och -åtgärder dokumenterades och utfördes. Vidare undersöktes vilken typ av vårdplan som användes och om det gick att se någon skillnad mellan avdelningarna avseende omvårdnadsdokumentationen.

Blast furnace is the heart of every steel plant. Steel production is based on the blast furnace process, as it is where the iron is extracted from the iron ore and turned into liquid iron, which will subsequently be used to make liquid steel. Therefore, without hot iron, steel can not be produced. Blast furnaces in this process are supplied among others with pulverized coal. Raw coal should be prepared for the blast furnaces in the form of fine coal powder.

Bakgrund: Hjärt- eller lungtransplantation håller idag på att bli en allt vanligare behandlingsmetod när den medicinska behandlingen inte längre har någon effekt på det sviktande organet och patientens liv hotas. För patienten och dennes närstående innebär hela transplantationsprocessen mycket lidande, ångest och oro. Ofta har de närstående en mycket viktig och ansvarsfull roll i patientens omvårdnad under väntetiden. Det är därför av stor vikt för sjuksköterskan att ha kunskap om hur hon på bästa sätt kan stödja, trösta och hjälpa dessa närstående. Syfte: Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att identifiera och beskriva upplevelser av att vara närstående till en patient som väntar på hjärt- eller lungtransplantation för att få förståelse för hur sjuksköterskan kan ge stöd och hjälp.Metod: Litteraturstudie som bygger på nio vetenskapligt granskade artiklar.

Sahlgrenska Academyat University of GothenburgDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical NutritionAbstractTitle: Effects of isoflavone supplementation from soybeans on LDL-cholesterol levels in adultAuthors: Malin Blomgren Alegria and Ruut ReivaaraSupervisor: Lena HulthénExaminer: Frode SlindeProgramme: Dietician study programme, 180/240 ECTSType of paper: Examination paper, 15 hpDate: 2013-04-08Background: One of the most common causes of death in Sweden is due to cardiovascular diseases such as heart attack and stroke. Hypercholesterolemia is one of the risk factors for cardiovascular disease. In Asia, hypercholesterolemia is less common than in the Western countries. In Asian countries, soy products are consumed in larger quantities than in the Western world, which has led to implemented research with the intention of examining soy's potential effect on cholesterol levels.Objective: To investigate whether there is scientific evidence that isoflavone supplementation from soy bean may have a lowering effect on LDL-cholesterol.Search strategy: The databases used for the systematic literature search were PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane. Keywords used were cholesterol and 9 versions of this, and isoflavones and 11 versions of that.Selection criteria: RCT articles, on humans, written in English, published from 2011 onwards, that focused on interventions with isoflavones from soybeans and its effect on blood cholesterol, the participants were over 18 years old and the study time was at least 24 weeks.

De allra flesta som tränar hästar gör det för att i något syfte öka hästens prestationsförmåga. När hästen är rätt tränad för sin uppgift minskar skaderisken hos både häst och ryttare. Rätt träning främjar hållbarheten på lång sikt. Med en pulsmätare anpassad för användning på häst är det möjligt att utläsa vilken intensitet träningen har och anpassa den för att få den effekt man önskar. Med konditionstest för häst kan man sedan utvärdera om träningen haft avsedd effekt. En enkel mobilapplikation anpassad för konditionsträning av ridhäst skulle kunna leda till en ökad medvetenhet kring träning och träningsintensitet hos människor som tränar ridhästar.

This quantitative survey aims to highlight the impact of the meeting with the grief for customer advisers and representatives of funeral homes connected to the SBF (Sveriges Begravningsbyråers förbund). It also aims to demonstrate any differences between the sexes on this subject. Issues include: How does the person experience expectations and requirements in relation to their professional role? Does the person experience a personal impact due to the encounter with grief and death in their profession, in what way and to what extent? What consequences does the expectations, reactions and the possible impact result in for that person? What conditions does the person have to help cope with the professional role? Is there a gender difference in this experience? The theory base, which consists of theories taken from The Managed Heart: The commercialization of Human Feeling by Arlie Hochschild (2003) and descriptions taken from Yrke: begravningsentreprenör. Om utanförskap, döda kroppar, riter och professionalisering by Anna Davidsson Bremborg (2002), has been fundamental in both the preparatory work and the analysis.

Matrix metalloproteinaser (MMPs) är en grupp proteolytiska enzymer som degraderar komponenter i vävnaders extracellulära matrix (ECM). Dessa proteiner spelar en viktig roll i många fysiologiska och patologiska processer. Enzymerna anses vara delaktiga vid olika typer av hjärtsjukdomar där de genom att utöva sin effekt påverkar sammansättningen hos ECM. Aktiviteten hos MMPs hämmas av TIMPs (tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases) som är enzymernas specifika inhibitorer. Balans mellan nedbrytning och uppbyggnad av ECM är nödvändigt för att bibehålla hjärtvävnadens normala struktur och funktion.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect on growth of foals on two different diets, either a forage-based diet or a diet containing approx. 40 % concentrate. The report also includes a review of the pertinent literature on the effects of diet on mares? milk and growth of horses. The hypothesis of the study was that a forage based diet will result in a similar growth pattern as a diet including more concentrates if the diets contain the same amount of energy, crude protein, lysine, calcium and phosphorous.

Syfte och frågeställningarStudien genomfördes med syftet att specificera vilken intensitet och duration vid uppvärmning som är optimal för att få ut största möjliga effekt vid anaerob prestation i form av maximalt vertikalhopp och fem sekunders maximal cykelsprint. Studien byggde på tre frågeställningar: På vilket sätt påverkar uppvärmningen prestationen vid ett maximalt vertikalhopp? På vilket sätt påverkar uppvärmningen prestationen vid ett maximalt fem sekunders sprinttest? Vilken uppvärmning är optimal för maximal muskulär explosivitet?MetodDesignen var en kvantitativ experimentell studie som innefattade fyra fysiskt aktiva kvinnor med genomsnittsålder på 24 år. Testerna bestod av nio tillfällen där en slumpad uppvärmning på ergometercykel genomfördes varje gång. Därefter genomfördes tre vertikalhopp, så kallade counter movement jump, på en kraftplatta och tre fem-sekunders sprint (5sCST) på Monarks Peak Bike.

This master?s thesis will examine the concept of ?fixed establishment? in VAT-law. The concept can be found in the new EC-directive on the common system of value added tax, however it has existed for thirty years in previous directives. Despite this, the legislator has never provided a proper definition of the concept. Its meaning has therefore evolved through the case-law of the ECJ.The Court has put forward a number of criteria which are all to be met if a fixed establishment is to be at hand.

This MA thesis analyzes how the protagonists and the narrative structure relates to ?the Child? as a linguistic/cultural construction in Mare Kandre?s early authorship (1984-1991). A thematic of children portraits defines this period of Kandre?s writing, which consits of the following works: In a Different Country (1984), The Annunciation (1986), Bübin?s Kid (1987), The Burning Tree (1988) and Aliide, Aliide (1991).Linguistic components, such as the word ?child?, the name ?Kid? and a reconstruction of the concept of childhood, holds an actuate position in these narratives when they first appear in direct relation to the protagonists. This suggests how generally accepted categories and concepts consciously are at work in Kandre?s writings.

The aim of this study was to compare activity, lying down and getting up behaviour, weight gain and cleanliness in heifers in cubicles versus on deep-litter. The study was conducted from autumn of 2005 until autumn of 2006 in a commercial organic dairy herd with 340 cows. In 2005 the farm rebuilt half of the young stock accommodation from deep-litter pens to cubicles. The experiment used 150 heifers of the breeds Swedish Red, Swedish Holstein and crossbreeds between these, all born on the farm. The animals were divided into three blocks based on breed and within each block they were sorted after increasing age. The youngest heifer in each block was randomly allocated to one of two groups, cubicle or deep-litter pen.