After the deregulation of the Swedish pharmacy market customers can be lost due to stock-outs. Optimization of pharmacy inventory levels has thus become increasingly important. To minimize inventory costs while considering the cost of shortages the latter must be estimated. However, the shortage cost is very difficult to compute. Thus, the aim of this paper is to estimate the pharmacy-specific shortage cost parameter and its relation to other inventory costs.

In this report a model was constructed in order to determine how a number of covariates influence the gross domestic product, GDP. The covariates were chosen depending on their expected influence on GDP, for example education and life expectancy. The data used in this report are collected from the World Bank. The model to describe GDP has been calculated using multiple line arregression. In order to reach a reliable final model the number of covariates has been gradually decreased to eliminate insignificant covariates.

Subject: Independent essay in War Science (15 points) which debate the question if PrivateMilitary Companies is an asset or a threat to the Swedish Armed Forces regarding rerecruitmentwith focus on the soldiers of FS21.That which is investigated is the general attitude amongst soldiers who have completed theirconscript duty according to the old conscript system and now is employed in order to conducta tour abroad with Afghanistan as area of operations. Further investigated is their attitudeagainst the Swedish Armed Forces as an employer, as well as the private sector whichwant/could benefit from the skills the soldiers is possessing. Could the soldiers se themselvesleave the Armed Forces before the contract has expired in benefit of private companies whichclaim they solve similar tasks.Purpose: The purpose with this essay is to contribute with knowledge about a number ofemployed soldiers? attitude against Private Military Companies. Further; if the soldiersbelieve the Armed Forces provide them as they think they deserve/ want in order to stay andnot leave their job in favour of PMC:s, and through it clarify what the soldiers value asemployees.Order of Approach, Method and Material: The method I?m using is a survey in whichsoldiers and squad leaders have answered the questions.

The librarian profession is dominated by women. The aim with this essay is to find out howmen and women in this field get on together, and how they experience their psycho·social work situation bearing this in mind. Are there any advantages or disadvantages being a woman or a man in this profession? What do the librarians think about the future? Men and women working at five different public libraries, where the domination of women is greatest, have been interviewed. The essay is based on their opinions and experiences.The female and male librarian get on well with each other and have a good cooperation.There are not many advantages or disadvantages depending on the sex in the profession, but the image, status and salary would probably be better, if there were more men in the profession.

The purpose with my project is to evaluate how Recreational Leaders use the outdoor environment, how much they use it and why. My method was to assemble the surveys which were answered nationally by Recreational Leaders. During my project I have investigated Recreational Leaders view on the outdoor environment by reviewing a survey. Those who answered the survey find that the desire to use the outdoor environment exists; they think that the benefits of moving the teaching process outside are plenty. The children receive fresh air, they get to practise manual ability and gross motor functions, stay healthy and are able to use their imagination and creativity.

Titel: Lönemodellens påverkan på fastighetsmäklares balans mellan familje- och arbetsliv.Nivå: C-uppsats i ämnet företagsekonomi, 15 hp.Författare: Desiree Apell och Liza MalmqvistHandledare: Maria Fregidou-Malama, Ernst Hollander och Pär VilhelmsonDatum: 2014 ? maj Syfte: Denna studie avsåg att förklara hur fastighetsmäklare upplevde att deras lönemodell påverkade deras balans mellan familje- och arbetsliv och i vilken utsträckning de ansåg att lönemodellen var stressande eller motiverande.Vidare avsåg den här studien att till viss del validera en framväxande teori, genom att besvara huruvida tre faktorer, kön, karriärambitioner och föräldraskap påverkade fastighetsmäklares upplevda balans mellan familje- och arbetsliv.Metod: Tillvägagångssättet för arbetet var kvantitativa studier i form av mailenkäter.Resultat & slutsats: Om respondenten kände sig motiverad av sin lönemodell upplevde de inte att lönemodellen påverkade deras balans mellan familje- och arbetsliv, dock ansåg de att de hade balans i livet. Flexibla arbetstider kan vara en faktor som bidrog till att respondenterna upplevde balans i livet. Individer som upplevde stress ansåg dock att lönemodellen påverkade deras upplevda balans i livet och ansåg även att de inte hade balans mellan familje- och arbetsliv.Förslag till fortsatt forskning: Studiens syfte samt forskningsfrågor behöver vidare forskning för att fastlås eller avslås. Även faktorn flexibla arbetstider bör studeras vidare för att fastställa om den bidrar till balans mellan familje- och arbetsliv hos fastighetsmäklare.Uppsatsens bidrag: Studien kan inspirera franchisetagare eller chefer inom branschen att utforma stabilare och bättre villkor för sina anställda utifrån vår studies resultat..

Studien fokuserar på problematiken kring redovisningskvaliteten i banksektorn. Banker somundersöks är verksamma och registrerade inom länderna Danmark, Finland, Norge ochSverige. Genom att korrelera posterna gross charge-offs och loan loss provisions i denfinansiella rapporten bekräftas redovisningskvalitet utifrån tre olika ägarstrukturer; privatägdbank, sparbank och statligt ägd bank. Datainsamlingen görs genom databasen Bankscope ochden forskningsmetod som används bygger på Altamuro och Beattys (2010) modell. Tidigareforskning är grunden till de hypoteser som studien bygger på.

Ledning och övriga anställdas upplevelser av attraktivitet på arbetsplatsen ?Mora of Sweden? looks at how management and employees at the Swedish manufacturing company ?Mora of Sweden? perceive an ideal attractive company and what factors that determine one, as well as how these two groups perceive the situation at their own company. The main purpose of the essay is to compare the management?s point of view with that of the rest of the employee respondents? perspective. While doing so the author concludes that there are several factors such as how the employees feel about their physical working environment as well as their salary, of which the management lacks understanding or perceive differently and that there needs to be more of an open dialogue between the management and the employees..

The purpose of this essay is to identify the costs of illness in different organizations, and compare the calculated result with the actual result in their annual reports.We collected information thru interviews with the personnel manager in the selected organizations, and used the annual reports to add necessary information.When we applied our model, we found that the selected organizations, in some cases, have a cost of illnes which is up to seven times higher than shown in their annual reports. It?s, in general, the costs that aren?t related to the salary (additional costs), which are much higher than shown.The absence of a model that calculates the costs of illnes can result in wrongful decisions. If a model would be applied in an organization, it should increase the awearness of the actual costs of illnes, which can lead to better decisions througout the whole organization.This report is written in Swedish..

Miljö och energianvändning blir ett mer aktuellt ämne. 40 % av landets totala energianvändning går idag till bostäder.[1] Om elpriserna stiger under den närmsta tiden kommer det med stor säkerhet leda till att människor blir mer kostnadsmedvetna och gärna hittar sätt för att minska sina energikostnader. Som ett led i detta har hustillverkare tagit fram ett energisnålt alternativ till det vanliga huset. Det benämns lågenergihus och använder mindre energi än de hus som är vanliga på marknaden idag. Det här är möjligt genom att lågenergihus byggs på ett annorlunda vis jämfört med ett ordinärt hus.

This paper is an assessment of whether the Nordic countries constitute an optimum currency area (OCA) or not. Hodrick Prescott-­?filtered data of real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and rate of employment are used to investigate the similarity of business cycles between the target countries through a series of correlation analysis with Sweden as the base reference country and also by using a linear regression model. Additionally there is an evaluation of trade volume and labour mobility between the countries. Our results indicate that Iceland had the least similar business cycles within the Nordic countries and that the area should therefore possibly comprise Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden. .

The purpose of the research is to find out how the teacher of the pre-school looks at the value of the nature Pre-school. To get an understanding of what the nature pre-school enviorment can bring, we are talking about learning, knowledge, and experience combined with the everyday lessons learned from the natural world. The research is a stepping stone on the pre-school teacher?s thoughts and reflections of what a nature pre-school is. This is grounded in a view of how having options for alternative schools lead to wider research, and all conclusions where formed after multiple interviews and analysis.The results showed that the teachers involved are very positive to the nature pre-school environment and learning process.

Personal assistants ' descriptions of their own professional role are usually removed for the benefit of users ' description of the profession. The purpose of this study is to investigate how the assistants perceive their profession by providing assistants a possibility to talk about their experiences of the profession. Data has been collected by twelve interviews with active working personal assistants aged 22-57 years. Assistants interviewed have different experiences and working with people with various disabilities. The method used is a qualitative method with a narrative analysis method, where the twelve interviews have been merged into four fictional stories.

This study was carried out at Luftfartsverket (LFV Group, Swedish Airports and Air Navigation Services). The aim was to study what characterizes an employer of choice and further to examine how well the employees at Luftfartsverket feel that their employer lives up to this image. A quantitative method was applied in the form of a selfdeveloped questionnaire. It was answered by a random sample of employees at Luftfartsverket.The results showed that salary, good leadership, good relations to colleagues and a sense of participation were important factors to be an employer of choice. In the organization at hand good colleagues were the most fulfilled factor whereas good leadership were the least fulfilled factor.

During the 19th century the Elementary school and its teachers emerge in the city of Halmstad and in the parish of Veinge as well as in Sweden overall. The aim of the essay is to enthrone these teachers? conditions and a comparison is done between the teachers in these two places. The mate-rial that is used is for example minutes from the board of education in Veinge and the city council of Halmstad, collected works about the elementary school of Halmstad as well as litera-ture regarding the subject. The essay starts with a short background history about the Elementary school and its teachers.