Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka förutsättningar och möjligheter att producera biogas på Utö. Förhoppningen var att på detta vis kunna utnyttja främst slammet ifrån det lokala reningsverket som en resurs. Examensarbetet utfördes som en del av EU-projektet Green Islands där Skärgårdsstiftelsen i Stockholms Län är Lead Partner.Utöver reningsverkets slam undersöktes andra möjliga substrat, där matavfall ifrån Utö Värdshus och slakteriavfall ifrån ett mindre slakteri valdes ut som bäst lämpade. En uppskattning av substratsmängderna gav att en lämplig storlek på biogasreaktorn skulle vara ca 50 m3. Lokala användningsområden för producerad gas och rötrest utreddes och ett antal olika typer av små biogasverk har undersökts.

This work of examination describes an environmentally oriented product development aimed to develop new packaging with improved environmental and sale aspects of the products from Primus Sweden AB. The report covers the design process from the first collection of facts to the final results with a description of all methods involved in the work. The focus has been on a clear environmental awareness and the report contains a deepening of the concept life cycle assessment (LCA) for product development. In the process, the consumers? opinions of the brand Primus and environmental profiling formed the basis for the packaging to communicate the right values such as quality, technology, environmental awareness and adventurer?s first choice.The deepening of the life cycle analysis shows that composting and other alternative treatment of the biological cycle is not possible to implement in a satisfactory way in the design process.The work results in two final concepts.

Outdoor recreation habits in metropolis and rural areasThis study aims to examine the perception of nature and outdoor recreation habits from an urban-rural prospective. The urbanization process continues in Sweden and the populations of the cities are growing continuously. Trends to build more compact and ?climate smart? reigns and with this a risk that green areas and areas where outdoor recreation can be practiced are situated further and further away from the urban population. Analyzing the responses from a survey made by the research program Friluftsliv i förändring 2007 we have examined if and which differences exists between urban and rural areas regarding their perception of nature, outdoor recreation habits and factors influencing the practice of outdoor recreation.

Det är viktigt att kommunpolitiker och tjänstemän i kommuner använder sig av de verktyg som finns tillgängliga i kommunen. Det fungerar inte alltid, vilket det finns en rad olika orsaker till. Gröna bokslut är ett dokument som visar trender i samhället, den pekar på hur kommunen lyckas främja en hållbar utveckling på valda områden om. Det är till för att användas som beslutsunderlag vid olika beslut. Syftet med fallstudien är att se hur stor kännedomen är om det gröna bokslutet bland kommunpolitiker och tjänstemän, och om de använder sig av boksluten.

Idag blir det allt vanligare med träbyggnader högre än två våningar. Detta tillsammans med en modern arkitektur som ger stora öppna planlösningar ställer höga krav på bjälklagen i träbyggnader. Problematiken med långa spännvidder för bjälklag i trä är att klara kraven för svikt och nedböjning. Dessa krav måste uppfyllas för att säkerställa funktioner hos andra byggdelar och för att människor inte ska uppleva att golvet sviktar eller vibrerar på ett obehagligt sätt.Ett träbjälklag bestående av limmade balkar av sidobräder har utvecklats. Bjälklaget är utformat av balkar med I-tvärsnitt i primärriktningen och rektangulära balktvärsnitt i sekundärriktningen.

IntroductionIn this study, we have explained the complexities of social media, as it is still a relatively unexplored area. With the rapidly growing use of social media in recent years, companies have chosen to establish themselves in social networks to advertise themselves and communicate with their customers. In this study we analyze IKEA Sweden and their use of social media on the national market, where focus lies upon IKEA Sweden Facebook-page. The study intends to find out how the company uses social media as a marketing and communication tool and also analyzes the relations and conversations that occur on the Facebook-page. Purpose and research questionsThe purpose of the study was to gain a deeper understanding of how a large Swedish company as IKEA has chosen to use social media and how it's perceived by them. We also intended to find out how IKEA Sweden uses social media in their daily work and how the company communicates through this media channel.

Enligt Naturvårdsverket (2010) står Sveriges bebyggelse för närmare 40 % av landets totala energianvändning och detta måste minskas radikalt.  För att skapa en standard och göra det lättare för miljöarbetet har miljöcertifieringar instiftats. Enligt Sweden Green Buildings Council (2015b) finns det i dagsläget 4 stycken miljöcertifieringar: Miljöbyggnad, LEED BREEAM och GreenBuilding.Eftersom miljöcertifieringar blir allt mer populära har Tyréns AB upplevt en större efterfrågan på dessa. De har därför sett ett behov av att få bättre underlag för hur de som konstruktörer påverkas vid projektering för att kunna klara olika miljöcertifieringar.Detta examensarbete behandlar Miljöbyggnad och LEED och valdes därför att de gäller på alla typer av byggnader. För Miljöbyggnad användes ett referensobjekt, ?Kvarteret Jongärdan?.

Outdoor recreation habits in metropolis and rural areasThis study aims to examine the perception of nature and outdoor recreation habits from an urban-rural prospective. The urbanization process continues in Sweden and the populations of the cities are growing continuously. Trends to build more compact and ?climate smart? reigns and with this a risk that green areas and areas where outdoor recreation can be practiced are situated further and further away from the urban population. Analyzing the responses from a survey made by the research program Friluftsliv i förändring 2007 we have examined if and which differences exists between urban and rural areas regarding their perception of nature, outdoor recreation habits and factors influencing the practice of outdoor recreation.

Sustainable development has become more and more important over the past years. The term Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is closely connected to sustainable development and focuses on organizations responsibility towards the society and the environment in which it exists. Companies within the mining industry were among the first to initiate CSR-work due to the fact that they have a great impact at the local community, both socially and environmentally. Today they are still in the forefront of the development of CSR-questions in general, and community involvement and development in particular. Earlier studies made on this area have focused on the strategic level of community involvement and development.

Several thousand years of human impact on the landscape in the form of cultivation is the reason to many nature- and culture values in the agricultural landscape today. Intensification and rationalization has led to vast monocultures and has forced many farms to close down. These trends have increased in the last years and constitute great threats to the values of the cultivation landscape. The purpose with the environmental objective A varied agricultural landscape is to protect these values. The environmental action plan of the municipality of Lund (LundaEko) 2006-2012 is built on the 16 national environmental objectives. The purpose with this paper is to put together material that the municipality of Lund can use in their work with modifying the local intermediate goals for the environmental objective A varied cultural landscape. The overall issue for this paper is ?What has happened with the state of the cultivation landscape in the municipality of Lund since LundaEko was approved in 2006?? The paper seeks to portrait the current conditions of the following fields: meadows and pastures, organic farming, exploitation threats to agricultural land, landscape elements with cultural values and species that are threatened.

The guest harbor on Utö, Utö Gästhamn, is currently using electricity for heating all of the water used in the showers and taps. Because of the large amount of visitors, especially during the summer months, the hot water usage gets very high and that is also the case for the electrical bills. During the year of 2011 the cost of electricity for Utö Gästhamn reached a total of 257 500 kr. Out of these 257 500 kr approximately 142 000 kr, 55 % of the total cost, were because of the water heating.The report is the result of a cooperation with Skärgårdsstiftelsen, the Green Islands-project and Utö Gästhamn where the mutual goal is to dimension a solar energy system, to promote the sustainable development.Initially the different techniques for the solar energy system are researched. The techniques are plane solar collectors, evacuated tube collectors, pool collectors and photovoltaic cells.

Uppsala Universitet Sophie DicksenMedie- och kommunikationsvetenskap C-uppsatsAbstractTitle: Communication of gender through design -A study of shapes and colors of perfumebottles and of the fonts on their labels.(Genuskommunikation genom design -En studie av form, färg och typsnitt på parfymflaskor)Number of pages: 39 (82 including enclosures)Author: Sophie DicksenTutor: Mats LindCourse: Media- and Communication Studies CPeriod: Autumn 2006University: Division of Media and Communication, Department of information Science,Uppsala UniversityPurpose/Aim: To study whether gender is communicated through design, and if so is the case, the aim is also to see by which aspects gender is communicated.Material/Method: 40 perfumebottles, 20 for women and 20 for men has been studied, and attributes such as their shapes, colors as well as the fonts on their labels has been analyzed in search of gender differences. An art director has also been interwiewed to receive information about genderdesign from a practical wiew.Main results: There is no difference out of a gender perspective between the colors on the bottles in aspect of lightness but colors on ladieperfumes are generally more saturated and they are also more often located among yellow, orange and red shades on the color chart while perfumesbottles for men tend to consist of yellow, green and blue colors in more unsaturated versions. The results of the study of shapes showes that there are more cubes among the male perfumes than there are in the group of womensperfumes. Concidering the study of fonts does results prove that fonts on labels of male perfumes mostly belong to the most common group of fontfamilies. This compared toperfumes for ladies where the the fonts varied between the two current fontgroups of the study, and therefore are bort rare and common.

As a result of my fascination for nature I have chosen to study the possibilities to introduce natural environments on schoolyards. Too many schoolyards are lacking vegetation and many of them look like sterile asphalt deserts. The master thesis consists of two parts. The first part is based on literature studies and the second part in which findings from part one are put into practice. Five examples are presented; four schoolyards in Malmö; Kryddgårdsskolan, Kirsebergsskolan, Rörsjöskolan and Lindängeskolan and one in Kalmar; Åbyskolan. Malmö Naturskola has been working with the chosen areas on the schoolyards in Malmö.

Detta ar en studie dar man undersokt varfor mikroforetag deltar i portaler och vilketstod mikroforetag ar i behov av via portaler. Detta ar intressant da utvecklingen avICT (informations- och kommunikationsteknik) innebar nya forutsattningar forsmaforetags mojligheter att marknadsfora och salja varor och tjanster och dessatillsammans med de medelstora foretagen utgor upp emot 99% av helaforetagspopulationen i EU-landerna och star for en stor del av de nya arbetstillfallensom skapas i vastvarldens ekonomier. Begransningen till mikroforetag gors eftersomtidigare forskning i forsta hand har berort det som definierats som sma ochmedelstora foretag och inte mikroforetag (1-10 anstallda). E-commerce funktionalitetskall finnas i portalerna eftersom man kan finna tidigare studier som behandlarsamarbete mellan mikroforetag utan e-commerce i portaler.For att genomfora studien valde man att gora en multipel flerfallsstudie efter engenomgang av befintlig forskning pa omradet. Data till flerfallsstudien samlades ingenom dokument, observationer, enkater och intervjuer.

The Civil Engineering office in Skellefteå needs to develop the users' participation in the planning of parks and playgrounds. In order to get such a procedure to work one have to find a method that can work in the daily activity. My work aims to find such a method and to implement it in practice. Apart from helping the Parks departement to find an functional method I will also develop a deepened knowledge about users?participation wich can be very useful i my future profession. This work can be divided in three stages.