To create multifunctional buffer strips along a watercourse in an economically sustainable way requires consideration of many different factors. In this plan we have selected pollutant reduction as the main purpose of the buffer strip. We have also strived to achieve minimal income loss due to reduced production, increased biological diversity, good game preservation that leads to higher income from hunting, aesthetical satisfaction and possibility to profit from available subsidies. This is done mainly to make landowners/farmers more interested in creating buffer strips along water courses. As sand is the dominant type of soil in the area, the water course is less affected by surface runoff compared to if the soil would be clay or some other finer texture. Game preservation and subsidies have therefore been the main factors when establishing the width of the strip, because these require wider buffer strips in some cases.

The aim of this study is to investigate differences that exist in Estonia and Russia with regard to civil society, democracy and corruption and try to find out what can be possible causes to the vast differences in these two countries. Many political scientists claim that civil society plays a key role in democratic transitions. This paper takes its point of departure in 1991, when the Soviet Union collapsed and Estonia and Russia became independent. Since then Estonia has had a flourishing economy which attract many foreign investments, with Sweden as the greatest investor. The country has also managed well to adjust quickly from totalitarianism to democracy.

In Sweden, grass is the single largest crop grown. Nearly 1 000 000 Ha grows on the fields, this is primarily used as feed for livestock. To get a good seed, you need to handle the crop carefully from planting to delivery. The part that I have been interested in, is how to dry the harvested seed with out destroying the growth in the small seed. This is very easily done if you aren?t careful during the drying period.

Corn is an important food and feed crop in the world, in Sweden it?s up till now grown on limited acreages mainly for silage. But I think it can get more important if you can grow it also for grain, because it?s a good animal feed for example, for life stock-, pigsand poultry. On of corns advantage is that it can produce the same amount of dry matter as for example wheat, barley and rise but with 25% less water. I will examine if it possible to grow corn for grain production in the south of Sweden.

SammanfattningMajsensilage blir allt vanligare i svenska foderstater och då är det viktigt att ha ett branäringsinnehåll och en god hygienisk kvalitet. Det kan uppnås genom att skörda vid rätttidpunkt samt att motverka värmegång i ensilaget efter öppning av silon med hjälp avtillsatsmedel vid skörd. Syftet med detta projekt var att studera effekt av mognadsstadium vidskörd och tillsatsmedel på näringsinnehåll, hygienisk kvalitet och lagringsstabilitet hosmajsensilage lagrat under olika tidsperioder.Under försöket skördades majsen vid tre olika mognadsstadier R4 degmognad (28 % ts), R5dentmognad (37 % ts) och R6 fysiologisk mognad (41 % ts) och lagrades i 28 respektive 110dagar. Vid ensilering av grönmassa, som lagrades i 28 dagar, tillsattes två ensileringsmedel,Kofasil Majs N (saltpreparat med natriumbenzoat och kaliumsorbat, 2 liter/ton grönmassa,Addcon Europe GmbH, Bonn, Tyskland) och ProMyr® XR680, (syrapreparat med myrsyra,propionsyra och formiat i lösning, 4 liter/ton grönmassa, Perstorp AB, Perstorp, Sverige),vilka jämfördes med en obehandlad kontroll. Vid 110 dagars lagring provades ytterligare etttillsatsmedel, Kofasil Life ?M? (bakteriepreparat med heterofermentativa mjölksyrabakterienLactobacillus buchneri, 1*105cfu/g grönmassa, Addcon Europe, GmbH, Bonn, Tyskland).Tillsatsmedlens doseringar är rekommenderade doser från tillverkarna.

Following the accident at the nuclear power plant in Chernobyl in 1986, great volumes of137Cs were distributed over large parts of the former Soviet Union and Europe. Over Scotland,radiocaesium was deposited as wet deposition. Due to the relatively long physical half-life of30 years, there are still measurable activity concentrations in the natural environment. Thisstudy was made on two organic soils, Knockandy Hill and Rora Moss, situated in the easternpart of the central highlands of Scotland. At these two sites, studies on migration and transferbetween soil and plants were conducted.

Majsensilage blir allt vanligare i svenska foderstater och då är det viktigt att ha ett bra näringsinnehåll och en god hygienisk kvalitet. Det kan uppnås genom att skörda vid rätt tidpunkt samt att motverka värmegång i ensilaget efter öppning av silon med hjälp av tillsatsmedel vid skörd. Syftet med detta projekt var att studera effekt av mognadsstadium vid skörd och tillsatsmedel på näringsinnehåll, hygienisk kvalitet och lagringsstabilitet hos majsensilage lagrat under olika tidsperioder.Under försöket skördades majsen vid tre olika mognadsstadier R4 degmognad (28 % ts), R5 dentmognad (37 % ts) och R6 fysiologisk mognad (41 % ts) och lagrades i 28 respektive 110 dagar. Vid ensilering av grönmassa, som lagrades i 28 dagar, tillsattes två ensileringsmedel, Kofasil Majs N (saltpreparat med natriumbenzoat och kaliumsorbat, 2 liter/ton grönmassa, Addcon Europe GmbH, Bonn, Tyskland) och ProMyr® XR680, (syrapreparat med myrsyra, propionsyra och formiat i lösning, 4 liter/ton grönmassa, Perstorp AB, Perstorp, Sverige), vilka jämfördes med en obehandlad kontroll. Vid 110 dagars lagring provades ytterligare ett tillsatsmedel, Kofasil Life ?M? (bakteriepreparat med heterofermentativa mjölksyrabakterien Lactobacillus buchneri, 1*105cfu/g grönmassa, Addcon Europe, GmbH, Bonn, Tyskland).

Automatic trimmerhead is an examination project for making an automatic trimmerhead for grass trimmers with the user and functionality in focus. Our perception is that a happy user is a user who can pick up his or her trimmer, use it and put it back to its place when the job is done. It should not be necessary to interrupt work and perform maintenance on the machine just to make it work as promised.The project has been made in collaboration with the company Husqvarna, which is one of the biggest actors dealing with garden machinery on the market. Together we determined the project goal, ?To invent, construct and test a brand new concept for how an automatic trimmerhead can look and function?.At this day there are several different automatic trimmerheads on the market, both semi and fully automatic.

Fuel produced from renewable resources is of big interest. In this project the difference between a few different renewable materials are compared on the matter of environmental load when ethanol is produced. The renewable materials that are compared are Salix, straw and reed canary-grass (rörflen). The cellulose in the material is cut down to small pieces and then hydrolysed so that the sugar from the cellulose can be fermented into ethanol. Tha amount of ethanols that is studied in this work is the smount of ethanol needed to cultivate 1000 ha. The functional unit in the report is 1000 ha.

Following the accident at the nuclear power plant in Chernobyl in 1986, great volumes of137Cs were distributed over large parts of the former Soviet Union and Europe. Over Scotland,radiocaesium was deposited as wet deposition. Due to the relatively long physical half-life of30 years, there are still measurable activity concentrations in the natural environment. Thisstudy was made on two organic soils, Knockandy Hill and Rora Moss, situated in the easternpart of the central highlands of Scotland. At these two sites, studies on migration and transferbetween soil and plants were conducted.

Do our imaginations of real landscapes get affected by works of art such as paintings, myths and literature? They often give very colourful descriptions in words as well as pictures. Do they actually change our feelings for the landscapes we are in and carry around as images inside? Close your eyes and take a few deep breaths. Imagine that you are leaning against a wooden fence a mild summer evening.

The project was initiated by Medipharm which produce microbial inoculants which used as additives to preserve forage. The main goal was to test three inoculants to produce maize silege. The following Medipharm produced inoculants were tested, Milab 393, Lactisil Wolecrop II, Lactisil 300 2. An untreated control was included in the study. The trial was done at Swedish university of Agriculture and Science in Alnarp, Sweden. Eurostar was the cultivar of the maize and was grown on 20, 5 hectares.

Konstgräs används allt mer som markbeläggning inom sportytor och runt om i samhället som på lekytor, sportytor och i trafikmiljön. Konstgräs lades för första gången så tidigt som 1966 i en inomhusarena i Houston, Texas. Sedan dess har konstgräset förändrats och förbättrats så att det i dag är godkänt att spela elitfotboll på konstgräsplaner. Fördelarna med konstgräs är många, bland annat är det ett tåligt och lättskött material som tål att vistas på året runt, dygnet runt. Sportytor med konstgräs ökar antalet användartimmar samt att lekytor blir mer attraktiva i sitt uttryck.

The Swedish boreal forests are limited by nitrogen (N) availability. While biological N2 fixation by cyanobacteria hosted by pleurocarpous feather mosses are important sources of N input to natural boreal forest ecosystems, little is known about the patterns of N2 fixation in silvicultural systems. This study investigates the biological N2 fixation rates of two boreal feather moss species (Pleurozium schreberi and Hylocomium splendens) along a chronosequence from clear-cut to mature forest, as well as the vegetation characteristics along the chronosequence. Measurements and samples were collected from 32 forest sites that were classified into four age classes (clear-cut, pre-commercially thinned, thinned and mature forest). The sites were located near the city of Arvidsjaur in northern Sweden.

The present study concerns a concept development of a product idea that Bengt Magnuson, associate professor, had when a heavy storm caused a widespread power failure of long duration. With a basic power-producing unit one should be able to get through a power loss. The product could also be useful for other tasks if different modules are connected, e g grass mower or snow-blower.According to the product idea the basic unit will be able to produce electric power enough for a fridge, freezer, TV, and a few electric lamps. Normally the basic unit can be used e g as a mower, when such a module is attached. An increased number of tasks would make the contraption useful and tempting for those who do not own an electrical power set in reserve.