The aim of this master thesis is to find out how indexing of fiction works. I look at the consistency when users? choices of index words are compared with each other and I also compare users? choices to the current indexing made by libraries. I examine the subject heading list, Att indexera skönlitteratur, to find out how well it works in this particular context. The investigation included seven users who, in three steps, are creating a subject heading index of the Swedish novel Klippdockan by Cecilia Dahlheim.

Background: Fall injuries are a costly problem for society, with costs ranging up to 14 billion a year. In addition to economic loss accidental falls also creates human value losses and reduced quality of life for its victims. In order to prevent the occurrence of injury related to accidental falls healthcare providers utilize various scientifically developed risk assessment tools, one of them being Downton Fall Risk Index. Method: Empirical, quantitative cross-sectional study. Objective: The purpose of the extended essay was to describe the categories in Downton Fall Risk Index that have a bearing on patients' risk of falling while in hospital and in municipal care, and to illustrate how nurses can use the fall risk assessment tool.

This study investigates whether the site index curve method (SICM) and the growth intercept method (GIM) can be used for site index predictions in younger Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) stands than recommended by current guidelines. For SICM it was thus investigated whether the method could be used for stands younger than ten years, and for GIM it was tested whether a starting point for the intercept measurements could be used below the recommended 2.5 meter. This was tested based on measurements taken from experimental stands in Tönnersjöheden Research Forest. For GIM it was found that the method can only be used when the TH-trees of a stand have five complete intercepts above 2.5 meters. For the method to be applicable beyond this, it will be necessary to adapt the underlying equations, perhaps following the Canadian example where a 1.3 meter intercept start is used. In conclusion it is not currently possible to apply the approach beyond the current recommendations. For SICM, SI predictions are accurate for the study area already form year three.

Idag berör fondsparandet alla svenskar. Exklusive ppm äger sju av tio svenskar andelar i någon fond och under fjärde kvartalet 2009 uppgick det totala fondsparandet till 1393 miljarder kronor. En majoritet av detta kapital är investerade i aktivt förvaltade fonder. Målet för aktivt förvaltade fonder är att slå index och genom detta ge en bättre avkastning än passivt förvaltade indexfonder.Media har under senaste tiden börjat ifrågasätta om de aktivt förvaltade fonderna kan slå index. Men redan tidigare, faktiskt så tidigt som 1960 talet har forskarvärlden påstått att det inte går att slå index under en längre period genom aktiv förvaltning.

The main objective of this paper has been to construct a way to measure the level of social capital in a society. Based on a theory which describes the ideal society have I herein tried to find out to what extent the Swedish and Danish communities correspond to this model. The theoretical foundation consist of several different levels of analysis, and I have indeed found there to be consideral differences between the two nations on these different levels. The paper however conclude that these differences even out to add up to a Social Capital Index that is remarkably similar. A result which is to be interpreted as one nation being about as close to the ideal situation from a social capital point-of-view as the other..

This thesis aims to open the Pandora?s Box of hedge fund styles through an index-based style analysis. This information asymmetry is due to both less strict disclosure requirements and inherent nature of hedge funds. We employ a multiple unconditional linear regression model wherein 23 Swedish hedge funds are regressed on 10 style indices. In addition to the increased interest in hedge funds and their performance drivers, our unique approach with regressing return on return motivates this study.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the two thinning models: Bergvik Skog´s thinning model, which is based on total stems and dominant height, And Swedish forest agency´s thinning model which is based on basal area, habitat index, dominant height and recommended number of stems at final felling in Heureka´s StandWise and PlanWise. The data we chosen for our study were taken from the Swedish National Forest Inventory and we were creating a simulated stand based on a great number of sample plots in Region three from The Swedish National Forest Inventory. We had chosen to create one stand with low habitat index (T20) and one with high habitat index (T24). Our purpose were to come as close as possible to a natural stand in central Sweden. We performed the thinning in StandWise and analyzed the data I Excel files. Our thinning optimizing´s were performed and analyzed in PlanWise. There wasn´t any big differences between the thinning on the lower habitat index.

The depth-to-water-index (DTW-index) is derived from digital elevation models (DEM) to map soil wetness, in terms of distance from soil surface to the ground water table. The aim of this GIS based study was to investigate the existence of a relationship between DTW-index and forest site productivity (SP). The belief of such an assumed relationship was based on knowledge that the ground water level is related to site properties that can either promote or impede tree growth. Data primarily comprised rasters of the Krycklan catchment in northern Sweden and depicted DTW-index and a laser scanned vegetation height. The 100th height percentile of each pixel in the vegetation raster was assumed to mirror the top-height, letting it act as a relative measure of SP within a delineated area of equal stand age.

Abstract  Title: High-Risk Funds vs. Mutual- Index FundsA study of macro -variables influence on different funds choice Level: Final assignment for Bachelor Degree in Business Administration Author: Moses Yokie & Bo Lemar Supervisor: Ogi Chun & Cheick Wagué Date: 2011-05-25 Aim: The purpose with this thesis is to compare two different types of mutual-index fond and a high-risk fund in relation to the macro variables. The purpose also includes an investigation about if an investor will receives a higher return on high-risk fund than on mutual-index fund in a 10 years period.Method: A quantitative method has been use in this study, where the information has been received from Morningstar. Microsoft Excel has been used to process the collected data in order to calculate the expected return and the risk measures. The result is presented in graphs and tables on the empirical capital, in order to analyse and compare it with the theories and the selected macro- variables to see if there will be any correlation. Conclusion: This research shows that there is no possibility that the macro-variable factors can benefit an investment on high-risk fund or on mutual-index fund in the short run.

Bakgrund: Forskning har tenderat att fokusera på hur kosten påverkar människan och hur vi påverkas utav sömnen. Då det blir allt vanligare idag med problem som övervikt, diabetes, hjärt- och kärlsjukdomar som dels orsakas av raffinerade kolhydrater och dålig kosthållning, är det av intresse att få bättre förståelse för hur vi påverkas av kosten vi äter. På senare tid har forskning pekat på att kortare- och försämrad sömn är kopplat till samma problem som dålig kosthållning kan leda till. Det kan därför vara av intresse att undersöka kopplingen mellan kost och sömn.Syfte: Med en systematisk litteratursökning ta reda på dietära kolhydraters påverkan på sömn och sömnkvalitet hos människan.Metod: I studien gjordes en systematisk litteratursökning för att granska vilken forskning som i dagsläget finns gjord på sambandet mellan kolhydrater och sömn. Genom sökord och begränsningar fann man 9 artiklar som till slut granskades noga och sammanställdes i jämförelse till varandra.Resultat: Resultaten från artiklarna tyder på att ett högre totalt intag av kalorier främst från kolhydrater kan minska sömndurationen.

 Problem: For what type of investors are index funds versus exchange-traded index funds best suited?Objective: The purpose of the paper is to determine how an index fund or an exchange-traded index fund (ETF) suits different types of investors with different requirements in terms of time frame, investment size and purpose of investment. The comparison is based on fees and trade practicality. This is going to describe the advantages and disadvantages with the two different financial instruments.Method: The study is a comparative study using two methods; one of which is a case study, the other is a qualitative interview. The case study focuses on fees and is made on an exchange traded fund (XACT OMXS30) and a simple equity index fund (Erik Pensér equity enhanced index).

Abstract  Title: High-Risk Funds vs. Mutual- Index FundsA study of macro -variables influence on different funds choice Level: Final assignment for Bachelor Degree in Business Administration Author: Moses Yokie & Bo Lemar Supervisor: Ogi Chun & Cheick Wagué Date: 2011-05-25 Aim: The purpose with this thesis is to compare two different types of mutual-index fond and a high-risk fund in relation to the macro variables. The purpose also includes an investigation about if an investor will receives a higher return on high-risk fund than on mutual-index fund in a 10 years period.Method: A quantitative method has been use in this study, where the information has been received from Morningstar. Microsoft Excel has been used to process the collected data in order to calculate the expected return and the risk measures. The result is presented in graphs and tables on the empirical capital, in order to analyse and compare it with the theories and the selected macro- variables to see if there will be any correlation. Conclusion: This research shows that there is no possibility that the macro-variable factors can benefit an investment on high-risk fund or on mutual-index fund in the short run.

I denna uppsats undersöks hur aktivt förvaltade svenska aktiefonder presterat i jämförelse mot passiv förvaltning i perioder av upp- och nedgång på Stockholmsbörsen mellan åren 1995-2010. I ett urval av 36 aktivt förvaltade Sverigefonder undersöks hur prestationerna står sig mot passiv förvaltning, om fondernas prestationer håller i sig över tid och om fondstorleken har betydelse för prestationen. Genom en uppdelning olik tidigare studier på fonders prestationer, där perioderna bestäms utefter marknadens upp- och nedgångscykler kan resultat tydligare framställas om aktivt förvaltade fonder presterar bättre än passiv förvaltning. Vi riskjusterar fondernas prestationer och jämför deras utveckling mot SIX Return Index och indexfonden Handelsbanken Mega Sverige Index (den passiva förvaltningen). Vi finner att aktiv förvaltning överlag inte lyckas genera högre avkastning än index i perioder av uppgångar men att de går bättre än index i nedgångar.

Aim: The aim of this study was to examine and explain the various methods available to rate the erosion damage, and on which teeth and tooth surfaces of erosion damage mostly occurs in children and adolescents.Method: A literature review was conducted, based on 15 scientific articles that have been reviewed, evaluated and analyzed. Articles were searched for in the database PubMed.Result: Six of the articles used the TWI (tooth wear index), which is an index to diagnose the tooth wear in the primary and permanent dentition. Eight articles used other indices as they considered that the TWI was not sufficiently developed to register the degree of tooth wear on some teeth. Tooth wear in the primary dentition occurs most often in the canines and incisors. Tooth wear in the permanent dentition was found in the literature to be mostly occurring on the occlusal / incisal surfaces of all teeth and tooth surfaces.LyssnaConclusion: There is no common index in the articles but many of them use the TWI.

Bakgrund: Forskning har tenderat att fokusera på hur kosten påverkar människan och hur vi påverkas utav sömnen. Då det blir allt vanligare idag med problem som övervikt, diabetes, hjärt- och kärlsjukdomar som dels orsakas av raffinerade kolhydrater och dålig kosthållning, är det av intresse att få bättre förståelse för hur vi påverkas av kosten vi äter. På senare tid har forskning pekat på att kortare- och försämrad sömn är kopplat till samma problem som dålig kosthållning kan leda till. Det kan därför vara av intresse att undersöka kopplingen mellan kost och sömn.Syfte: Med en systematisk litteratursökning ta reda på dietära kolhydraters påverkan på sömn och sömnkvalitet hos människan.Metod: I studien gjordes en systematisk litteratursökning för att granska vilken forskning som i dagsläget finns gjord på sambandet mellan kolhydrater och sömn. Genom sökord och begränsningar fann man 9 artiklar som till slut granskades noga och sammanställdes i jämförelse till varandra.Resultat: Resultaten från artiklarna tyder på att ett högre totalt intag av kalorier främst från kolhydrater kan minska sömndurationen.