The aim of this study was to increase the knowledge about whooper swan (Cygnus cygnus) ecology to enhance the ability to predict and also to prevent the crop damage they cause. The largest proportion of damage in Sweden has been reported at stopover sites during spring migration in February, March and April. Therefore, this study focused on an important stopover site, Lake Tysslingen, situated in south-central Sweden. Specifically, the relation between the duration and period migrating swans stage at the stopover site and mean temperature (measured at three different weather stations) for the years 2001-2010 was studied. Furthermore, the swans´ selection for certain fields in relation to field type, distance to roosting site, a supplemental feeding site and forest edge within agricultural land surrounding the lake was analyzed.

The main purpose of this bachelor thesis is to create a product in the form of a database that can be used for cost estimates of equipment within bio refineries. Through interviews and literature searches the key components and their costs were identified. The database was constructed in Microsoft Excel with different tabs for different categories of components; these tabs are further divided into three parts: one part with costs, one part with calculations and an information part. Most of the part with costs contains the expenses found in scientific papers during the literature study, the calculating part converts different capacities according to user preferences and the currency to euro (?) from 2010 and the information part consists of references and information about what is included in the cost.The database is a good tool for making cost estimates for bio refineries.

The main purpose of this bachelor thesis is to create a product in the form of a database that can be used for cost estimates of equipment within bio refineries. Through interviews and literature searches the key components and their costs were identified. The database was constructed in Microsoft Excel with different tabs for different categories of components; these tabs are further divided into three parts: one part with costs, one part with calculations and an information part. Most of the part with costs contains the expenses found in scientific papers during the literature study, the calculating part converts different capacities according to user preferences and the currency to euro (?) from 2010 and the information part consists of references and information about what is included in the cost.The database is a good tool for making cost estimates for bio refineries.

In my essay, I write about the work at a pre-school in a segregated suburb. I begin my essay with examples from my workday. In one case, it is about Sara, playing games where other children are excluded and she also exhibits a power game towards me. In the second example, it is about how a group of children conspire and expose both themselves and others for destructive conspiracy patterns. When I write down what happens in the group of children at my pre-school, I see patterns reminiscent of destructive gangs.

The main purpose of this bachelor thesis is to create a product in the form of a database that can be used for cost estimates of equipment within bio refineries. Through interviews and literature searches the key components and their costs were identified. The database was constructed in Microsoft Excel with different tabs for different categories of components; these tabs are further divided into three parts: one part with costs, one part with calculations and an information part. Most of the part with costs contains the expenses found in scientific papers during the literature study, the calculating part converts different capacities according to user preferences and the currency to euro (?) from 2010 and the information part consists of references and information about what is included in the cost.The database is a good tool for making cost estimates for bio refineries.

Soil properties affect the chemical composition of soil water. When studying transport of chemical substances through a basin, it is therefore important to know from which soil layer the main part of the runoff is generated. The aim of this study is to develop an HBV/PULSE model with merged soil moisture and response routines, which generates good approximations of groundwater levels. It should be possible to extend the model to simulate transport of substances and take into account which soil layer the groundwater level is currently in. The hydrological version of HBV/PULSE is used since there is no need to account for pH or alcalinity at this stage.

Den pågående globaliseringen är en högst väsentlig fråga för de svenska dagligvaruföretagen. Trots att globala och multinationella aktörer ännu inte har gjort sitt intåg på bred front i Sverige kan en etablering av utländska lågpriskedjor som Lidl och Metro skönjas på den svenska marknaden. Likaså syns en förändring i de svenska aktörernas beteende i form samgåenden, partnerskap och centralisering. Frågor kring vilka fördelar de globala aktörerna har i förhållande till nationella aktörer, samt om det kommer att finnas utrymme för nationella aktörer i framtiden är befogade. Utvecklingen kan också skapa ett behov av nya kompetenser, resurser och strategier hos dagligvaruaktörer, något som vi finner intressant att undersöka.

AbstractTitle: Environmental demand solutions - a study within real-estate business.Problem statement:Today, the society stands before a permanent accelerated environmental threat. Companiesbecome increasingly over the environmental problems and more companies look over theiractivity and how it influences the environment. Historical the environmental issue has been forgotten and it is first during the end of 1990 the environmental issue intensive has been noticed. Earlier the environmental work?s high costs was the cause, but now the companies realized the weight and the importance of imposing focus on environment commitments and sees it, as an investment.

Syftet med denna uppsats är att studera den tekniska effektiviteten och dessförklaringsfaktorer för den europeiska och svenska pappersindustrin. Paneldata på branschnivå för 12 länder under tidsperioden 2002-2009 används för att i ett första steg med hjälp av Data envelopment analysis (DEA) mäta graden av effektivitet. I ett andra steg förklaras variationen i effektivitet mellan de olika ländernas pappersindustrier med hjälp av en Tobit-regression. Studien avgränsar sig till den rent tekniska effektiviteten där arbetskraft, kapital, energi och olika material, nödvändiga vid pappersproduktion, använts som insatsvaror. Som förklaringsfaktorerna till skillnader i effektivitet har fyra variabler använts; Forskning och utvecklings utgifter (FoU), antal anställda inom FoU anställda, energiskattenivå och ekonomisk frihet.Resultaten från studiens första steg visar på skillnader i effektivitet mellan de olika länderna.

This is a case study of the advertising campaign ?Guld till alla? (Gold to Everyone) embarked upon by Spendrups Bryggeri AB in a bid to promote Norrlands Guld, during the period 2004. The approach used by Spendrups will be compared with theories about communication planning, communication strategies, target group definition and how to create effective advertising. The main purpose of the comparison is to find which central elements that made the campaign successful. The method we have chosen to use is an explanative content analysis with influences from the dialogue analyse.?Guld till alla? was suppose to be an massive and coherent campaign which was to be integrated with large sports events, such as the Ice Hockey World Championship, UEFA European Championship and the Summer Olympic Games, that all took place the year 2004.

The competitive nature of the automotive industry has always implied a necessity to improve product development concerning time-to-market, cost and product quality. As capacity of computer-aided engineering (CAE) tools has evolved, so has the strive for simulation-driven design. Virtual durability testing using full vehicle models is one of many challenges posed in front of vehicle manufacturers when computer simulations are given a key role in product development.This thesis has been initiated as a preliminary step towards implementing dynamic virtual durability testing in the development of buses and coaches at Scania. The objective has been to assess the predictability of a full vehicle coach model and to what level of precision structural loads can be predicted. Previously performed proving ground testing of a Scania Touring coach has been the basis for the modelling and simulations in this thesis.A virtual model of the Scania Touring coach has been created in multi-body simulation software package MSC.Adams.

Frågeställningen som besvarats är huruvida kolfiberarmerad epoxi är ett lämpligt material att använda i karosser. Tekniska, ekonomiska, säkerhetsmässiga och miljömässiga aspekter har behandlats. Arbetet grundar sig dels på en litteraturstudie, dels på empiriskt material från tre studiebesök med intervjuer hos företag inom kompositbranschen.Kolfiberarmerad epoxi har en rad fördelar:- Komponenterna kan göras stora; en kompositdetalj kan ersätta flera av metall.- Mindre känsligt mot stötar än stål och får inte bucklor.- Korrosionsbeständigheten är mycket hög.- Relativt låg investeringskostnad för tillverkning av kolfiberkomponenter.- Tål utmattning bättre än någon känd struktur av metall.- Mycket lång livslängdMen det finns även nackdelar:- Mycket hög materialkostnad.- CAD-verktyg för att kunna designa kompositkonstruktioner, beräkna hållfasthet och simulera krocktester behöver utvecklas.- Produktionshastigheten är i regel låg till följd av tidskrävande tillverkningsprocesser där härdning av epoxi är ett av momenten.- Tillverkning av kolfiberarmerad epoxi präglas i regel av en låg grad av automatisering där flera moment måste göras för hand.Resultaten blev följande:En kaross i kolfiber skulle kunna göras ca 200 kg lättare än en kaross i stål, med i övrigt bibehållen prestanda. Karossen skulle kunna utformas för mycket hög absorption av energi och därmed förbättrad säkerhet. Den lägre vikten skulle medföra ett reducerat utsläpp av avgaser på ca 11 %, vilket motsvarar en reduktion på 3,3 ton koldioxid beräknat på 20 000 mils körning.

Social media is by many believed to be the core of a new type of Public Relations. This new PR is called PR 2.0. Most larger companies today are to be find using dif- ferent types of social media to interact with their publics. Each year companies invest more money in this type of digital public relations. Social media is a relatively new online phenomenon and still used at a very early stage.

In this report focus is put on the combustion process at a cement plant. Combustion is the heart of the cement making process and absolutely crucial to have under full control and well optimized. The fuel is put into the process through a burner pipe and this burner pipe is modified to reach a more efficient combustion. The primary target is to enable burning of heterogeneous alternative fuels and increase the production level. Other positive effects from this type of optimization is lowered specific fuel consumption and lowered CO2 emissions. A redundant burner is chosen for the project and overall the project steps are the following: 1. Installing a Jet air nozzle ring in a way so it can move both axially and radially due to temperature changes. 2.

The freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera) is a large freshwater mussel. Because of its sensitivity to human impact, such as eutrophication, acidification and alterations of hydromorphology, the species is considered as a robust indicator of stream water quality and biodiversity. Moreover, due to the species complex life cycle, including a larval stage on the gills of salmon and trout, and sensitivity of early life stages, regeneration is often used as an indicator. The freshwater pearl mussel is also used in the expert judgement of status classification of benthic invertebrates according to the European Water Framework Directive. The purpose of this study was to gain a deeper understanding of the freshwater pearl mussel as an indicator for Swedish streams. It was made with two types of association analyses.