106 personer omkom eller skadades allvarligt under 2011 på järnvägen i Sverige. Trafikverket jobbar ständigt med att förbättra säkerheten både inom och på järnvägen, allt i enighet med deras vision som lyder, Målet för säkerhet inom järnvägstransportområdet är att antalet omkomna och allvarligt skadade inom järnvägstranssportområdet fortlöpande ska minska.Trafikverket är en statlig myndighet i Sverige som ansvarar för långsiktig planering av infrastrukturen samt för byggande, drift och underhåll av de statliga vägarna och järnvägarna. De är också skyldiga att utreda alla olyckor som sker på järnvägen och komma med åtgärdsförslag så att liknande olyckor inte sker i framtiden.Den här rapportens huvudsyfte var att granska och följa upp de åtgärdsförslag av fysisk karaktär som Trafikverkets olycksutredare har angivit i sina utredningsrapporter och se vilka åtgärder av dessa som blivit genomförda. Rapporten behandlar olyckstyperna personpåkörningar, suicid samt plankorsningsolyckor i Region Väst, som består av Hallands, Västra Götalands och Värmlands län. Tidsperioden för olyckorna är 2005-01-01 till 2012-05-31.

Today, we see tendencies of politicians being more active in social media using selfies. According to previous research using selfies is associated with being self-centered and narcissistic. It is not known though what implications the behavior will have for a selfie-using politician in terms of chances of being elected. This study aims to contribute to the research on political communication and social media behavior. More specifically the study intends to investigate whether there is a difference between voters' views if a politician uses selfies or not, and whether there is a difference by gender.

This study aims to discover pedagogues perceptions of children?s sedentary behavior linked to the school and its activities. Questions that the study sought to answer was: What do pedagogues think of when they hear ?sedentary children?. How do the pedagogues look at their own and the schools responsibility? Advantages and disadvantages with sedentary behavior? Relationship between physical activity and sedentary behavior and the impact of environment connected to sedentary behavior? The study is qualitative and implemented through seven interviews with pedagogues in the schools earlier years.

This essay examines how art could be used to bring forth and clarify the Catholic doctrines of purgatory. The research questions are: ? How are the Catholic Church?s doctrines of purgatory illustrated in art? ? How can the paintings affect the viewer and his/her notion on how to shorten the time in purgatory? How can art itself be used as a tool to achieve that goal? The timeframe of the chosen paintings is mainly 14th to 16th century but an overview of how the purgatory has been illustrated after that time until the present is also given. In order to answer the first research question, a painting from the 14th century has been analysed, using a method inspired by Patterns of Intention - a theoretical framework formulated by Michel Baxandall. A reception theoretic perspective according to Kemp, is used on a painting from the 15th century to answer the second research question. The results show that purgatory is illustrated as fire and the souls are depicted as living people, despite that a spiritual condition is visualized. The viewers at that time found the descriptions frightening, but the paintings also revealed ways of being granted indulgences, that is shorten-ing the time in purgatory. These ways were praying, making pilgrimages and giving alms.

For a long time, economic activity has decreased and shows a downward trend in the food sector. To break this requires efforts to strengthen corporate position with the ability to meet market challenges. In the small producers is a great potential for them to be able to increase its profitability thanks to its ability to offer added value in the product. But to achieve this requires not only a willingness and creativity out of the ordinary but also factors that lead us into this report, current issues. The issues are related to marketing, brand building and the importance of developing a stable network. The study aims to investigate how small businesses operate in rural areas are experiencing the possibilities of support from various networks and organizations and that, from a business perspective, and also see which areas that they need more support in to achieve a growing business. The work has been followed by an inductive method, when we initially could not say anything about the empirical results.

Järnvägstrafiken i Sverige drivs idag huvudsakligen av SJ (Statens Järnvägar), som ansvarar för persontrafik och GreenCargo, som ansvarar för godstrafiken.Banverket ansvarar för säkerhetsuppföljning av den spårbundna trafiken i Sverige. Avsevärda tekniska förbättringar har lett till betydande ökad säkerhet sista 15 åren. Lok-/tågförare arbetar under särskilda medicinska säkerhetskrav, reglerade enligt järnvägslagen (2004:19) och i Järnvägsinspektionens föreskrifter( BV-FS 2004:4). Dispens från vissa av dessa säkerhetskrav kan emellertid beviljas vid en del handikapp eller sjukdomar. Företagshälsovården har en del av ansvaret för uppföljningar och bedömningar i detta sammanhang.

The purpose of this Masters thesis is to analyze the research front within medical ethics. We wish to identify which research themes that are included in the subject field of medical ethics. The research themes can be identified by a couple of bibliometrical methods and techniques. In our case, it is bibliographic coupling combined with a cluster analysis. The analysis is accomplished by the extracted references from articles in the two journals Bioethics and Journal of medical ethics.

Bakgrund: Ventilatorassocierad pneumoni (VAP) är en infektion i lungorna relaterat till att patienten är intuberad. Infektionen orsakar lidande för patienten och är mycket kostsam för sjukvården. Det är därför viktigt att på bred front arbeta förebyggande mot denna vårdrelaterade infektion.Syfte: Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att beskriva vad sjuksköterskan i en säker och evidensbaserad omvårdnad kan göra för att förhindra VAP hos patientersom respiratorbehandlas, samt att undersöka om sjuksköterskan arbetar evidensbaserat.Metod: Metoden var en litteraturstudie där artiklarna söktes i databaserna Pubmed och Cinahl från år 2000 till januari 2007.Resultat: I resultatet framkom det att sjuksköterskan hade bristande kunskaper om VAP vilket ledde till att omvårdnaden som utövades kunde orsaka patienten onödigtlidande. Sjuksköterskan hade dålig följsamhet till riktlinjerna så huvudändan hölls för låg och munvården var inte tillräcklig. Orsaken till detta belystes och förslag på åtgärder gavs utifrån evidens och patientsäkerhet.Slutsats: Sjuksköterskor brister i att ta till sig vetenskaplig forskning.

Öresundsregionen är idag en region i förändring. De senaste åren har danska och svenska medborgare börjat arbeta, bo eller på annat sätt vistas på andra sidan sundet i allt högre grad. Tillväxten är hög och Malmö och Köpenhamn integreras på ett sätt som är ovanligt för städer lokaliserade i olika länder. År 2004 bosatte sig fyra gånger så många danskar i Skåne som under 1998 vilket innebär en ökning från 800 till 3 200 personer per respektive år. Antalet pendlare som bor i Skåne och var dag åker över bron för att arbeta i Danmark har enligt en artikel i Dagens Nyheter ökat med 40 procent det senaste året och enligt samma tidning förväntas den totala pendlingen över bron om 10 år vara dubbelt så stor om som idag.

Prevention of lion predation towards African livestock is of great importance due to the economical losses farmers have because of this. Predation is also one of the main reasons for human-wildlife conflicts and lions often get killed because of it. Therefore, a pilot study using camera traps was conducted to monitor movements of lions and other wildlife through a wildlife corridor in Ol Pejeta Conservancy. The results were compared with a previous study that counted prints in the soil in front of the corridor. Due to theft risk the cameras had to be taken down and pictures were only collected from nine days.

The purpose with this research is to examine how the green marketing in retail trade can be developed in order to promote the eco-labeled products closer to the consumer.The method for the survey includes interviews with managers of a few retailers and their customers in the industrial sector. The purpose with the interviews was to produce the retailer and the customer?s perspective of products with eco-label on.The research is limited to the region of Västra Götaland.The results from this research indicate that there is a lack of communication between the retailer and the consumer. The consumers don?t think that the product is available.

Today's young people increasingly tend to sit at home and relax, instead of being out and meet friends. This is based on my observations from my experience as a teacher. They are more and more in front of their computers and living their lives through their various Internet sites. There I was, stuck on how they behave in their environment, both private and public but also to their friends and their families versus their "internetlife". Young people are more and more at home and even the daily discussion are now placed on the internet instead of face to face communications or on the phone.This essay deals with the subjects selfrepresentation and self-identity that Erving Goffman handled in his bookThe self in everyday life respectively Anthony Giddens in Modernity and Sef-Identity.

Due to a growing interest in communication in today?s society the demand for equipment that is used in communication networks increases while the competition between companies that produce this equipment grows. To meet the increasing demand and at the same time having a competitive product development many companies use some effective product design, such as the modular product design. When a modular product design is used it?s good to compare different module configurations for a certain product and to simplify these comparisons some tool can be used.

In this study, emphasis was situated around pupils? expectations regarding body shape and physical proficiency among teachers within the subject of physical education. Additionally, possible outcomes of failure to uphold such demands were put in relation to aspects of legitimacy. To enable such study a qualitative study including semi-structured interviews was conducted and carried through, involving six pupils in the third grade of upper secondary education. The pupils were mainly selected through a convenience sample with.

The Nord Stream natural gas pipeline has been a controversial project. The debate was primarily escalated by Poland's strong negative reaction to the project in the spring of 2006 over safety and security and then alternated back and forth in Europe until the approval by the nations most concerned in the Baltic region during the autumn of 2009.In the case study an approach is used that primarily maps out the media image of the various viewpoints that deal with the pipeline and how these viewpoints position themselves, primarily through political and environmental dimensions. Simultaneously there?s an attempt to map out the spatial spread of the media image views as to the proximity and distance to the pipeline in Sweden, Poland and Germany. A key question is whether distance or proximity to a large facility can affect people's attitudes.A parallel focus of the study is to explore the role of the Nord Stream natural gas pipeline in the cross-border hinterland region of Szczecin-?winouj?cie.