That ecological and evolutionary processes can take place on the same time scale is a recent insight. Today we also know that they are directly linked to each other. In the lake Tåkern, in year 2000, there was a structural change when phytoplankton declined and submerged vegetation, mainly stoneworts began to spread. This led to evolutionary changes in the aquatic sowbug, Asellus aquaticus which had previously been limited to the reed, most likely feeding on detritus. But then, sowbugs could exploit the new habitat in stoneworts and a new food resource in terms of periphyton.

Metoder och system för mätteknik får en allt större betydelse för moderna tillverkningsföretag. Allt fler företag har insett det strategiska värdet av en förbättrad kvalitetsuppföljning för att minimera kostnader på grund av kvalitetsbrist. Syftet med denna rapport är att ta fram en strategi för standardisering av kontrollmätningen vid den nya typ av mätplats, en Q-plats, som ställts upp inom avdelning DXMH vid Scania Transmission. Q-platsen ger möjligheter för operatörerna att i större grad själva genomföra kontrollmätningen i närheten av produktionslinjen. I rapporten analyseras först Q-platsens funktion utifrån en studie av Scania Transmission DX, dessutom redovisas fallstudier på andra avdelningar inom Scania och vid andra tillverkningsföretag.

In modern industrial robots the components in the transmission contain nonlinearities. These nonlinearities need to be to estimated either for better control or to use the parameters for diagnosis of the system. There is a lot of work done within system identification and mainly within the field of iterative parameter estimation.This thesis considers recursive grey-box identification for a nonlinear model of the transmission in an industrial robot. The nonlinearities that are identified are friction, spring stiffnes, hysteresis and backlash. These nonlinearities are a part of the models that are presented in this thesis.

The main project Dry preservation of food waste from households includes a new technique concerning drying and storage of dried biowaste as well as a study of the sorting of household waste and further usage of the dried biowaste. A question asked in the project is, can the dried biowaste be used as a soil amendment? If organic waste is used as a soil amendment, precaution concerning hygienic safety risks has to be accounted for. The objective of this M. Sc.

Syftet med denna intervjustudie var att undersöka hur ett antal nyckelaktörer inom turismnäringen såg på matens roll och hur de arbetade med matupplevelser i praktiken. Insamling av data genomfördes genom semi-strukturerade intervjuer som transkriberades och analyserades utifrån en mall för kvalitativ bearbetning av text. De aktörer som fungerade som informanter för undersökningen arbetade samtliga med matturism på nationell, regional eller lokal nivå.  De aktörer som deltog i studien var Landsbygdsdepartementet, Visit Sweden, Regional Matkultur Småland, Smaka på Skåne, Kristianstad Kommun och Idala Gård. Undersökningens resultat visade att samtliga aktörer ansåg att maten hade en given roll inom turismnäringen.  Informanterna betonade vikten av att producenter ser matens potential till att bli en matupplevelse och synliggör den för turister. Ett skäl till att detta inte alltid görs kunde bero på den bild svenskar har av svensk mat och svensk matkultur menade informanterna.  De förespråkade en stolthet över svensk mat och mattradition.

Husaberg Scandinavia AB is a company producing and developing a range of motorcycles for both on- and off-road use. Husaberg provided the project group with a task of developing an entirely new way of operating the sequential transmission that can be found in today?s motorcycles. The target was to bring the product from idea to a functional prototype ready for further tests. Operation of the motorcycles transmission is today made by a foot pedal placed on the left hand side of the bike.

Ungefär en fjärdedel av den klimatpåverkan som de svenska hushållen orsakar kommer från maten vi äter, eller närmare bestämt från de utsläpp av växthusgaser som maten ger upphov till på sin väg från jord till bord. Om maten slängs innan den konsumeras har denna miljöpåverkan skett i onödan. Uppsatsen undersöker VIS (Välgörenhet Istället för Svinn), en svinnåtgärd där fullvärdiga livsmedel istället för att slängas, skänks till välgörenhet. Målet är att undersöka hur VIS fungerar, samt att bidra till ökade kunskaper om detta för Sverige nya sätt att bemöta svinnproblematiken. VIS styrkor och svagheter, liksom de hot och möjligheter som kan finnas, har undersökts med hjälp av en SWOT-analys.

The title of the paper aims at a comment by one of the students during an interview. It reflects how most of the students experience the lunches in a specific school where the investigation is made. The question of pedagogical lunches has always interested me. Here I have used a method called the Grounded theory. I carried out a qualitative investigation with a number of methods such as interviews and participating observations.

The purpose of this study is to examine the Swedish national student organizations attitudes towards school food and the school food debate between 1957-1982. The previous research on the subject maps the historical background and development of the school meal, but lacks a contemporary student perspective from the chosen time period, not least on a deeper and more political level. The theoretical starting points in the study concern organizations and their influence on public authorities as well as student influence. These theoretical frameworks are used to describe the conditions for the currently active national student organizations; Elevf?rbundet and SECO, in the political arena.

This exam is about student?s perception of food and dietary advice. I illustrate food and eating from the youth's own perspective. The aim is to investigate how students perceive as "good" diet. It also reveals that students at the surveyed schools have poor knowledge of what is plate model.

Syftet med detta arbete är att analysera hur Ringhals reaktor II kan ersättas med hållbar energiproduktion. Detta görs genom att analysera vilka produktionstekniker som är kommersiellt gångbara i Sverige. Sedan analyseras dessa utifrån dess geografiska och tekniska begränsningar i regionen Västra Götaland och Halland för att bestämma hur den nya energimixen kan utformas. Utifrån energimixen simuleras sedan energiproduktionen i elzon 3, SE3, under varje timme över ett år för att undersöka om den nya produktionen kan möta efterfrågan och huruvida elnätet kommer att belastas hårdare på grund av eventuell ökad transmission till/från andra delar av landet. Från energimixen beräknas även vad produktionskostnaden för elektriciteten blir för den alternativa produktionen. Resultatet visar att den föreslagna energimixen klarar av att ersätta energiproduktionen från Ringhals reaktor II med endast en marginell ökning i transmission till/från regionen.

Efficient energy use in restaurantsUmeå Municipality wishes to combine energy issues with food control, and thus help restaurants to become more energy efficient. During March and April 2010, I visited seven restaurants and interviewed restaurant personnel about current state and application of kitchen appliances, using a checklist to make sure that the same questions were asked at all restaurants. The restaurants were all different sizes and offered different kinds of food. The study mostly focuses on energy efficiency by behaviour and not on location or technology. Almost every restaurant that was visited had the potential to improve in one or more areas, such as kitchen appliances, lamps and lighting fixtures, heating, cooling and ventilation.

The Swedish food retail market contains of three major actors, ICA, KF and Axfood, all in all dominating 75 percent of the total market shares. The scant number of retailing actors indicates that the Swedish food retail market is a highly concentrated oligopoly, which as a fact has given rise to definite discussions and argumentations concerning the market situation. But is the food retail market imperfect and how do we reach a workable competition? Economic theory does not provide any clear answer on these questions, but is rather divided into two fundamentally different approaches to define competition: the static and the dynamic perspective on competition. In an attempt to examine the competition on local Swedish retail markets, the purpose of this study is to carry out an econometric model estimating the situation.

Surveys show that consumers tend to avoid traditional marketing channels, leading the practitioners to use earned media channels through public relations (PR). This has also led to the use of covert PR. To understand the use of this communications method, the purpose of this thesis is to study campaigns, which have gained transmission in social media, by investigating how practitioners of three different campaigns motivate the choice to use covert PR.The study is based on a hermeneutic methodology and has an abductive approach. It is carried out by semi-structured elite interviews with six contributors of three different campaigns, using covert PR. The primary data consists of the empery of the interviews, while the secondary data consists of a theoretical framework of excellence in public relations, the PR practice and viral messages.The result of the study indicates the point of view that covert PR has given the campaigns a wider reach.

Background: The Swedish population is aging [1] and malnutrition is a common problem among elderly people [2]. A method called food registration is used to monitor the patients? nutritional intake, with the purpose of reducing the risk of patients deteriorating in nutritional status during hospitalisation. However, the current method is not satisfactory and many food registration lists are incomplete. [3-6] Thus, patients do not receive a qualitative nutritional care since the assessment of the patients? nutritional status is based on incomplete documentation.Purpose: The purpose of this master thesis is to increase the quality in the nutrition monitoring process in the geriatric units B72 and B74 at Karolinska University Hospital in Huddinge, Sweden.