Due to higher standards of living around the world, greater industries and larger infrastructures causes an increase of the global energy consumption. This harvest of energy puts a great stress on the global environment. With this development, it becomes increasingly important to utilize energy resources in the best possible way.Fans are components that are often used in the industry and in households. A common problem is that the fan is oversized. An oversized fan causes an excessive flow, which has to be adjusted in order to achieve the correct flow.

The aim of this thesis was to answer a number of questions about the environmental consequences of aircraft de-icing. A further aim was to suggest how the environmental consequences due to the release of de-icing Fluids can be measured and reduced.The main impact of the aircraft de-icing on the environment is due to the large oxygen demand for the degradation of glycol based de-icing Fluids which are released in the environment. The effect of the increase in oxygen demand depends on where the degradation occurs in the ecosystem. In a sensitive ecosystem, the large demand of oxygen could provide an anaerobic environment which would be harmful for many types of organisms.In order to reduce the negative effects of the applied de-icing Fluid, there is some type of collection system at every regular airport in Sweden. The methods of collection can be divided into two general groups, hydrological isolation or vacuum sweeper trucks.

Denna rapport utgör dokumentationen av ett examensarbete utfört på Atlas Copco Secoroc i Fagersta under handledning av Maskinkonstruktions före detta universitetslektor Håkan Wettergren och Fluid & Mekaniksystems professor Karl-Erik Rydberg och på Atlas Copco Secoroc konstruktör Risto Wisakanto, avdelningschef Thomas Greijer, båda avdelning DTH, samt Secorocs utvecklingschef Lars Holmgren.   Arbetet syftar till att utveckla en simuleringsmodell vilken ska användas vid utveckling av pneumatiska sänkborrmaskiner. Målsättningen var att göra en så bra modell som möjligt, en modell som skulle kunna användas vid utveckling av nya sänkborrmaskiner, och att stegvis förfina en i grunden enkel modell. Första modellen var dock lite för enkel och baserad på teori för slutna system så den gick inte bygga vidare på utan det var enklare att göra en helt ny modell baserad på teori för öppna system. Det var dock inte förgäves att bygga den första modellen utan de geometriska villkoren som använts i den enkla modellen kunde återanvändas i den mer avancerade som tack vare detta relativt snabbt kunde skapas.  Den mer avancerade modellen ger värden som stämmer mycket bra överens med mätresultat vid höga tryck, i detta fall 16 bar. Att modellen inte stämmer överens så bra vid låga tryck kan bero på flera saker, naturligtvis på att faktorer som försummats kanske har stor inverkan vid låga tryck eller att mätvärdena helt enkelt är fel.

A Swedish electronics company wants to make the cooling of one of their electronic components more efficient. They propose that a retrofit liquid cooler is the way to achieve this goal. The current air cooling has high energy cost due to the high amount of power needed to power fans and heat exchangers. Using high volumes of air for cooling also leads to noise pollution. The conversion from air to liquid cooling would possibly make the operation of the electronics more cost efficient and less noisy.The purpose of this project is to theoretically evaluate different concepts of drawing the heat generated by the electronic component in to a Fluid, using numerical calculations in Matlab and FEM simulations in ANSYS.

Opcon Powerbox is a product developed by Opcon together with the underlying company SRM (Svenska Rotor Maskiner) where surplus heat from the industry is used through an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC)?process to produce electricity. An ORC-process is a thermodynamic circle process in which a refrigerant is used as the working Fluid. The refrigerant makes it possible for the circle process to operate at lower temperatures than the conventional Rankine process.In this master?s thesis a data analysis software for the Opcon Powerbox has been developed in which measurement data is retrieved and handled from the Opcon Powerbox.

A method for equine intra oral radiology has been tested. In the study, both a digital system with an intraoral sensor connected to a laptop and a system utilizing image plates and digital developing was tested, initially on cadaver sculls and finally on sedated horses. The digital sensor was not considered viable for this purpose, while the system with image plates and digital developing worked very well. Two different techniques, i.e. parallel and bisectris, are suggested for the best visualization of different parts of the teeth. Intra carious injections of Mixobar oesophaghus contrast Fluid was found useful when evaluating the extent of carious lesions. Compared to extra oral radiology, the new method had several advantages and can be used both in clinic and field practices..

Chiari type I malformation is a condition in humans characterized by a small posterior cranial fossa, downward herniation of the cerebellar tonsils, foramen magnum overcrowding and disturbances of cerebrospinal Fluid dynamics. Syringohydromyelia is often seen in patients with Chiari type I malformation. Syringohydromyelia is characterized by Fluid-filled cavities in the spinal cord. This causes damage to the nervous tissue in the spinal cord. In recent years, a condition similar to Chiari type I malformation has been recognized in dogs. It has mostly been seen in Cavalier King Charles spaniels (CKCS). The condition seen in dogs is usually called occipital bone hypoplasia. The aim of the study was to examine whether there is a difference in the shape of the caudal fossa between CKCS, small bred dogs with a similar head shape and dogs with a normal head shape and if occipital bone hypoplasia is related to a head shape with a steep back of the head. Other aims of the study were to examine the crowding of nervous tissue in the foramen magnum in each breed group, the extent of syringohydromyelia and to what extent the malformation had caused neurological signs. Sculls from dogs on autopsy were divided in halves and the position of the cerebellum compared to the level of the foramen magnum was studied.

Many studies have pointed out that generosity depends on different things like gender, age and nationality. We wanted to see if predetermined factors like genetics also had an effect on the intention of generosity. There is a ratio between the index finger (2D) and ring finger (4D) that is determined by the levels of testosterone in the amniotic Fluid and that have had some significant effect on personality attributes like musical and leadership skills. We wanted to see if that ratio had any effect on the intention of generosity. We experimentally examined a group of priest student and two groups of young handball players and let the groups answer a survey that included a sort of dictator game and we photo copied their hands to get their 2D:4D-ratio.

This study is primarily an account of my examination work in archival science which took place in the archive of Margareta Böttiger, the state epidemiologist at the Swedish Institute for Communicable Disease Control Stockholm. The records are from Böttigers period of work, mainly divided into three parts, polio, HIVS/AIDS and vaccination. Of these I have focused on polio with was the area she got renowned for. Moreover, owing to the uniqueness of the material this study has focused on the properties of the archive as a working-life archive which I propose as a special type of personal archive with unique attributes. To summarize, a working-life archive has in comparison with other personal archives a more Fluid process of archiving where the profession is important, not the personal production of records.

The purpose of the study was to review the current veterinary literature regarding gastric dilatation and volvulus (GDV) considering pathophysiology and treatment, and to evaluate the operative technique (incisional gastropexy) used during the years 2005 and 2006 at the University Animal Hospital (Universitetsdjursjukhuset), SLU, Uppsala, Sweden. GDV has a complicated pathophysiology which foremost effects the circulatory system. Progress is often acute and it is not unusual that patients are affected with shock. The initial treatment targets to alleviate the shock by Fluid therapy and decompression of the stomach. There is a high risk of recurrence in the long term perspective unless the stomach is surgically fixated by gastropexy. The study describes two different techniques for gastropexy; incisional gastropexy, and funduspexy. Long term complications were rare among the patients that were treated surgically, while about half out of the eighteen dogs that undergo surgery do experience complications of various severity in the short term..

Turning solar collectors, heliostats, is certainly not a new idea but has been explored for at least two decades. Projects on this subject have resulted in more or less realistic constructions, in a commercial point of view. Far too often the technical goals have had higher priority than the economical, which has resulted in a few constructions having the ability to compete with conventional, fix solar collectors. The economical issues have been given high priority in this project, without decreasing the demands on reliability. The system has been given the following mechanical and electronical properties: One-axis movement, fix heat carrying Fluid system, microcomputer controlled movement and automatic protection from overheating.

On average half of the sows in Swedish piglet producing herds are culledannually. A significant portion of the sows are euthanized because of lameness orparalysis. Young sows and gilts are overrepresented in the category of animals,culled due to injuries in the musculoskeletal system. These injuries cause pain tothe animals. Early culling of sows/gilts also have economical consequences forthe producers.

Berggrunden på norra Utö har karterats i fält som en del av projektet Metamorphic map of Sweden. Vidare har stuffer analyserats i tunnslip och mikrosond, för att med datorprogrammen THERMOCALC, AX samt Anovitz & Essenses kalcit-dolomit-geotermometer (1987) för kunna fastställa vilken grad av metamorfos området utsatts för. Berggrunden visade sig utgöras främst av pelagiska metasediment som karbonatbergarter och gråvackor, med avbrott i form av felsiska vulkaniter som följer lagringen. I fält såväl som mikroskop indikerade resultaten en relativt låg grad av metamorfos. De geotermobarymetriska uträkningarna som utförs i rapporten stöder detta resultat och bestämmer temperaturen till mellan 430 och 697°C samt trycket 4.5±2.3Kbar, vilket placerar metamorfosen inom ?Amphibolite facies?.

This report describes the development of a sample loader for my diploma work at Q-linea AB in Uppsala. The sample loader will replace the process of loading Fluid samples into Q-linea?s instrument for biomolecule analysis. The earlier process was done by hand and was a time consuming and inefficient task.The work was initiated with a design phase where an overview of the system was created. The sample loader will be receiving text commands from a PC that coordinates all the subsystems like pumps and lasers on the analysis instrument.

Can degree of degenerative brain disease be predicted with the help of measurements of cognitive deterioration?Alzheimer?s disease progresses through nerve cell break down in the brain and the simultaneous deterioration of the individual?s cognitive function. This disease is common among elderly persons. This thesis examines if the level of deterioration of cognitive function is associated with different biochemical and clinical markers for degenerative brain diseases. In addition, this thesis examines if the level of decline in cognitive functions vary between groups with different levels of degenerative brain disease.