Abstrakt Detta kandidatarbete handlar om visuella effekter inom film och dess utveckling genom åren. Visuella effekter har öppnat en ny värld för filmskapandet då man kan skapa i princip vad som helst vilket gör att det omöjliga helt plötsligt blir möjligt, på filmduken. Kandidatarbetets syfte är att titta på utvecklingen av visuella effekter och hur man kan använda de kunskaper i en mindre filmproduktion. Vår problemformulerings frågeställning är ?Hur har utvecklingen inom visuella effekter sett ut och hur kan man implementera dessa kunskaper i en mindre filmproduktion??. I undersökningen analyserar vi hur man skapat scener i olika hollywoodfilmer som vi tagit inspiration av i vår produktion.

Several studies have examined the effects of perceived justice of preferential treatments to customers, but few have studied these effects when customers have different input. The purpose of the study is therefore to enhance the knowledge and understanding of the effects of preferential treatments to customers with varying input. More specifically, the study focuses on how perceived justice, customer satisfaction and loyalty are affected depending on the customer's input and received treatment. An experimental study with 263 respondents showed that the perceived justice and loyalty intentions among both the receiver and the non-receiver of the preferential treatment were of highest level when it was given to a customer with large input. Customer satisfaction however, was found to be of highest level when customers themselves received preferential treatment, regardless of the size of their input.

Several studies have examined the effects of perceived justice of preferential treatments to customers, but few have studied these effects when customers have different input. The purpose of the study is therefore to enhance the knowledge and understanding of the effects of preferential treatments to customers with varying input. More specifically, the study focuses on how perceived justice, customer satisfaction and loyalty are affected depending on the customer's input and received treatment. An experimental study with 263 respondents showed that the perceived justice and loyalty intentions among both the receiver and the non-receiver of the preferential treatment were of highest level when it was given to a customer with large input. Customer satisfaction however, was found to be of highest level when customers themselves received preferential treatment, regardless of the size of their input.

Various electromagnetic (EM) treatments has been investigated for their potential in improving crop productivity over the past century. There is today an increasing amount of scientists advocating EM treatments as an organically compatible method for improving plant growth and yield. However, failure to produce repeatable effects and defining causal mechanisms has made it a study of much controversy and debate. The subject requires indepth interdisciplinary knowledge, making it inaccessible for the majority of biologists, horticulturists and growers. In this combined literature review and pilot study, these issues are addressed by providing a comprehensive introductory review of the topic plant bioelectromagnetics and its potential horticultural usability.

Pseudopregnancy is a condition that is estimated to affect 40 % of all female dogs. Common symptoms are decreased activity level, weight gain, mammary enlargement, milk production, nesting behavior, anorexia and maternal behavior. The symptoms are displayed during metoestrus. Prolactin is one of the causes behind pseudopregnancy, but the full process is not yet known. Due to the fact that the condition affects that many bitches and often is recurrent, it is relevant to examine how the condition affects the bitch?s behavior and performance.

Warning labels can be used to change the attitude and behavior in the general public. The use of warning labels is also increasing and suggestions have been made to expand their use to more general food products. However, the research regarding the effects of warning labels and how other factors may influence them is limited.The purpose of this study was to develop the research on warning labels and the effects the strength of the brand might have on the warning label?s effect on more regular food products. To achieve this goal a 2x2 factorial design was used where over 200 respondents filled in four different forms.

To give a realistic impression in a driving simulator for nighttime driving, there are many challenging aspects to consider. One of the most important aspects is the illumination caused by the headlights of the own vehicle. To give a realistic impression there is the need to consider the characteristics of the headlight in use to be able to represent main and dipped beam, but also to represent different models and types of headlights. Another important aspect is the dazzling effects caused by the light cast by other vehicles upon the driver. These effects are not only important to give a realistic and visually appealing simulation, but also to simulate blinding effects which may affect the drivers ability to perceive the traffic environment to a large degree.

SyfteAtt genom en fallstudie vid Gävle Energi belysa viktiga diskussioner i beslutsprocessen vid val av produktkalkyleringsmodell. Att ge Gävle Energis affärsområde Kommunikation ett förslag på modell för produktkalkylering, inklusive ett implementeringsförslag.MetodVi har valt att genomföra en kvalitativ fallstudie som baseras på ett flertal intervjuer. Informationen som vi har samlat in under intervjuerna ligger till grund för avsnitten empiri, process och slutdiskussion. Vi har vidare studerat teorier för att få information till teorikapitlet samt till processen där empiri och teori förenas. I processen analyserar vi den information vi samlat in för att i slutet kunna redogöra vilka beslut som har varit avgörande vid valet av modell samt ge företaget ett förslag på lämplig modell.Resultat & slutsatsFöretaget efterfrågade en standardiserad enkel modell för produktkalkylering i en komplex verksamhet.

Abstrakt Detta kandidatarbete handlar om visuella effekter inom film och dess utveckling genom åren. Visuella effekter har öppnat en ny värld för filmskapandet då man kan skapa i princip vad som helst vilket gör att det omöjliga helt plötsligt blir möjligt, på filmduken. Kandidatarbetets syfte är att titta på utvecklingen av visuella effekter och hur man kan använda de kunskaper i en mindre filmproduktion. Vår problemformulerings frågeställning är ?Hur har utvecklingen inom visuella effekter sett ut och hur kan man implementera dessa kunskaper i en mindre filmproduktion??.

This project is about color and light and how it affects the atmosphere in the city. I choseto look closer into the central parts of the city, a place where I often feel a lack of lightand color, especially during the winter season. In the beginning of the project I made ananalysis of how intense colors are used in the city and how we can use color as a tool tocreate effectful spaces. Further into the project I chose to look closer into the effects thatare made by the facades, how the light from the windows affects the room outside when the dark falls. At the end of the project I caught a feeling inspired by the city and applied it into an installation of light..

Denna rapport undersöker huruvida barns förmåga att överföra matematisk kunskap till en annan kontext kan underlättas med hjälp av en konkret matematisk modell (en modell som varken använder sig av siffror eller matematiska tecken) jämfört med det vanliga abstrakta matematiska språket. De två olika betingelserna är implementerade i två olika datorspel. Studien behandlar även om något kön gynnas mer än det andra vid användandet av de två olika datorspelen. Resultatet av studien visar ingen statistisk signifikant skillnad till att elever lär sig att överföra kunskap bättre om de använt en konkret matematisk modell. En statistiskt signifikant skillnad mellan könen uppvisades däremot, dock gynnades killarna istället för som hypotesen i studien var; att tjejerna skulle gynnas framför killar vid användning av de två olika datorspelen..

In cooperation with Hälsoteamet Halmstad a pilot study was made to see if whole body vibration exercise has any effect on muscle strength, movement and experience of pain in people with knee osteoarthritis. Today whole body vibration exercise is a revolutionary exercise method that needs more studies to show the positive and negative effects. Osteoarthritis is a degenerative disease where more cartilage is destroyed than replaced. The most common symptoms are pain, stiffness, restricted movement, muscularly atrophy, tenderness and instability. The cartilage needs pressure to rebuild, it is therefore important that the patient exercise.

Microwave is a time- efficient device for heating and reheating of foods. Despite the fact that its effects on foods have been evaluated during a long period of time, without any more negative effects shown compared to conventional cooking, one third of the Swedish population believes (in 2010) it accounts for a higher loss of nutrition. This literature review aim to compile studies regarding how food is affected by cooking in microwave, with respect to cooking losses, nutrition, secondary metabolites as well as sensory and textural aspects and compare it with conventional cooking. The compilation shows that different combination of effect (W), time and amount of water during microwave cooking have different effects on foods. The contents of proteins, vitamin B and carbohydrates are generally higher after microwave cooking, while anti-nutritional substances are affected much less during conventional cooking. This also depends on if it is of animal or non-animal origin. However, for the majority of nutrition values the differences are quite small.

The efficacy of screening for breast cancer with mammography has been a subject of controversy during the last decades. However, the general opinion is now that screening reduces mortality in breast cancer (Zackrisson, 2006). It is nevertheless important to weigh the efficacy against the harm and costs associated with screening. Cost-utility and cost-effectiveness analysis of screening have generally failed to incorporate side effects such as anxiety and discomfort related to screening tests and the following diagnostic tests (Gyrd-Hansen, 2000). This study seeks to include such side effects in a cost-utility analysis.

This thesis investigates the socio- and environmental economic effects of a deep repository for spent nuclear fuel in Forsmark in the municipality of Östhammar. I seek to show the general picture but focus on the effects on employment, environment and income. Cost-benefit analysis is used to investigate the differences in utility between a scenario with and a scenario without a deep repository in Forsmark. Most of the possible effects can not be valued and many can not even be quantified with the data available today. Therefore this thesis has a bit of a ?preliminary study character? and seeks to show what we know today and what needs to be further investigated when available data allow it. The costs that could be valued are noise from the traffic during the period of building and emissions of carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides from the transportation of rock masses during the building period.