The views on and the knowledge of the introduction of iron to Scandinavia have change by the history of archaeology. The results and discussions are put in the context of time and how that time is reflected in their work and texts. This limits that scholars put up to orientate themselves conceal the complex reality. The limits are changing all the time and is dependent of time and person..

In this paper I argue that the development of innovation ideas within the financial system of scientific research might have a counterpart within the financial system of the social sciences and the arts. The ideas of innovation share a common way to evaluate science in terms of how well it can contribute to economic growth. In the past two decades a similar development can be observed within Riksbankens Jubileumsfond (RJ), one of the largest external financiers of the social sciences and the arts in Sweden. The idea of evaluating research used by the innovation ideas has grown popular within RJ, only it seems they evaluate research in terms of how well it fits into an international research community rather than how much it can contribute to economic growth as is the case within the innovation ideas. By examining the different ways of financing research that RJ has used during the last 2 decades, this paper aims to introduce a new perspective in which it is possible to understand the development within this type research funding as a part of a bigger system of development..

Inom postmodernismen är begrepp som flexibilitet och förändring aktuella och dagens arbetsmarkand kräver att organisationerna ska hantera denna ombytlighet. Detta har lett till att bemanningsbranschen har vuxit. Syftet med vår studie var att få förståelse för uthyrd personals arbetssituation. Åtta semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes på anställda i ett större bemanningsföretag. Resultatet visar att deltagarna står inför många men korta sociala relationer.

Currently there is a controversial debate about that we must reduce our impact on the global warming; therefore both the Government and the local authorities have invested heavily in developing renewable energy in Sweden. The major development on the wind power market can be seen as a result of both the technological development and also on the decision that the Government took in 1996, which opened up the wind power market for private parties.This paper has aimed to examine the types of financial innovations that have arisen from the investments and financing of wind power on Gotland, and what these innovations can contribute to the future development of wind power.The problems that this thesis is based on is; what kind of financial innovations have occurred within investment and financing of wind power? How can these innovations contribute to the continued development of wind power on Gotland? The conclusion of this study shows that respondents and participants have defined a number of financial innovations that have emerged. Where some of the innovations only can be seen as incremental since they are based on continuous improvements, while others can be seen as radical as they are completely new for the context in which they operate. The study has also shown that Gotland has a great potential to produce more renewable electricity, but the development is dependent on the new power lines being built, in order to export electricity to the mainland..

Pharmaceuticals are environmental pollutants that are a major threat to aquatic ecosystems and very little is known about their ecological consequences. In this study growth, survival and behaviour (sociability, activity and boldness) of perch fry (Perca fluviatilis) were examined in order to study the possible effects of exposure to a benzodiazepine anxiolytic drug, Oxazepam, during embryonic development. The study tested following hypotheses: (1) perch growth is affected positively by exposure during embryonic development; (2) early perch survival is affected positively by exposure during embryonic development; and (3) boldness and activity increases while sociability decreases in perch fry exposed during embryonic development. Embryos of naturally spawned perch were exposed to water with two different concentrations of Oxazepam. The embryos were exposed during different parts (24-hour periods) of the embryonic development, because embryos may be more vulnerable at certain times during embryonic development and/or because the exposure at different times can produce different effects.

Design for Six Sigma (DFSS) is a further development of the Six Sigma draft to carry through preventing quality measures in developing and designing of new products and processes. With increasing demands on enterprises development processes to be more safety and faster the need of DFSS arise as a product, process and service development concept in the organisations. Design for Six Sigma aims to improve and structure the development process of an organisation and consider the application of the innovation problem solving. The concept aims to leave the structure of the traditional Six Sigma concept and instead, from an innovative perspective, search for new solutions to existing problems. The concept constitute of a toolbox with a lot of quality tools that are divided into phases in a development model.

The construction and real estate industry represents a significant part of Sweden's total impact on the environment and mainly affects the following national environmental objectives: reduced climate impact, a good built environment and a non-toxic environment. By establishing internal rules, companies within the industry can reduce their environmental impact. SMT (AB Sandvik Materials Technology), a part of the industrial group Sandvik AB, has set a target that during 2014 develop a guiding document with special consider to the environmental impact during construction of office buildings, that they establish at the Swedish regional capital Sandviken, for both internal and external tenants. This study therefore aims to clarify which environmental aspects that the construction and real estate sector mainly are responsible for, and therefore should be part of a guiding document for a company for establishing office buildings, and to present arguments regarding the use of such a document. The study is based on literature studies and personal contact with other companies, in the form of e-mail conversations and a telephone interview.

Authors: Phia Bergdahl & Karin TydénTitle: This is the era of the personal brand ? a study about the role of a personal brand in a professional context in modern societyLevel: BA Thesis in Media and Communication StudiesLocation: Linnaeus UniversityLanguage: SwedishNumber of pages: 54Background In pursuit of being unique and stand out, it has become fashionable to market yourself as a personal brand. According to some experts on the subject, this has become a necessity for survival in the tough competition about the jobs and the customers. With Internet and social media as a natural element in our society, we also have to relate to these channels when it comes to communicating ourselves.Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the role of the personal brand in a professional context in modern society and to explore Internet involvement in communicating the brand.TheoriesWe have used Bauman?s theory of ?consumer society?, how we live in a society where we are both the consumers and the goods consumed. We have also used Castells?s theory of "network society" and how its growth is changing our culture.

Design for Six Sigma (DFSS) is a further development of the Six Sigma draft to carry through preventing quality measures in developing and designing of new products and processes. With increasing demands on enterprises development processes to be more safety and faster the need of DFSS arise as a product, process and service development concept in the organisations. Design for Six Sigma aims to improve and structure the development process of an organisation and consider the application of the innovation problem solving. The concept aims to leave the structure of the traditional Six Sigma concept and instead, from an innovative perspective, search for new solutions to existing problems. The concept constitute of a toolbox with a lot of quality tools that are divided into phases in a development model.

Syftet med denna studie har varit att öka förståelsen för hur konflikter hanteras inom horisontella organisationer. Detta genom att studera hur Spotify upplever konflikters påverkan samt hur konflikter hanteras inom organisationen. Studien har utifrån en fenomenologisk ansats studerat konflikter och hantering av konflikter ur ett ledarskapsperspektiv. Datainsamlingsmetoden har varit semi-strukturerade intervjuer.I resultatet framkommer det att konflikter upplevs som positivt för individers och Spotifys utveckling då konflikter upplevs bidra till nytänkande och utveckling. Studien visar på att organisationer genom konstruktiv konflikthantering kan utvecklas.

Titel: Kan konsulter ersätta egen personal? ? Sett ur en personalekonomisk synvinkel.Datum: 2013-05-29Lärosäte: Mälardalens högskola, VästeråsInstitution: Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik (EST)Nivå: Kandidatuppsats i företagsekonomi, 15 hpFörfattare: Sofie Lindskog Jenna NiemiHandledare: Ulla PetterssonExaminator: Cecilia ErixonNyckelord: Personalekonomi, bemanningsföretagProblemformulering: Är rekrytering en viktig faktor för företagen i valet mellan att anställa egen personal eller hyra in konsulter? Påverkar den tredje parten relationen mellan företag och konsult när företagen hyr in personal från bemanningsföretag? Vad föredrar företagen, anställa egen personal eller hyra in konsulter?Syfte: Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka företagets syn på anställning av egen personal i stället för att hyra in konsulter till företagets ekonomiavdelning.Metod: För att uppnå syftet med denna studie så använde vi oss av en kvalitativ metod för att få en djupare förståelse av ämnet. Vi inhämtade vårt material till referensramen från litteratur, vetenskapliga artiklar och elektroniska källor. Material till empirin har hämtats från intervjuer med fyra olika företag.Slutsats: Valet mellan att anställa egen personal eller hyra in konsulter är väldigt individuellt. Oftast beror det på vilken ekonomisk situation företaget befinner sig i och hur marknadsstrategiska de är när det gäller rekrytering.

AbstraktUndersökningens syfte är att undersöka vilka faktorer som motiverar anställda att stanna kvar på sin arbetsplats och se vilken roll trivsel och arbetsmotivation spelar i sammanhanget. I förlängningen vill vi undersöka hur företaget kan arbeta för att behålla sina anställda.Följande frågeställningar utgör studiens röda tråd: Vilka motiv uppger anställda som viktiga för att trivas på sin arbetsplats? Vilka faktorer skapar arbetsmotivation bland de anställda? Hur kan trivsel och arbetsmotivation tänkas påverka de anställda till att stanna kvar på arbetsplatsen?För att få svar på dessa frågor har åtta personer intervjuats på ett företag. Tillvägagångssättet är kvalitativt. Resultatet visar att: om respondenterna får utmanande arbetsuppgifter med variation ökar drivkraften till arbete; en avklarad arbetsuppgift ger även den tillfredsställelse; utveckling och ansvar spelar stor roll; kompetensutveckling och utbildning stärker individen i sin yrkesroll; flexibilitet och självbestämmande är viktiga faktorer för de anställdas trivsel och motivation; god stämning har avgörande betydelse för den anställdes fortsatta trivsel/vantrivsel; feedback är motivationsskapande men om det saknas inträder vantrivsel vilket kan få den anställde att söka sig bort..

Bakgrund: Motivation är något som finns hos alla människor, den kan bestå av både inre och yttre motivation. Inre motivation är något en människa får när hen gör något intressant och meningsfullt. En yttre motivation nås när något ges tillbaka efter den handling som utförts. Dagens sjuksköterskor möts av många hinder i form av hög arbetsbelastning, låga löner och stressiga miljöer vilket leder till att sjuksköterskor väljer att lämna vården. Å andra sidan väljer ändå en stor del sjuksköterskor att jobba kvar eftersom de fortfarande känner motivation.

There have been debates on the big differences in mathematics knowledge concerning pupils in Sweden and Finland. Especially, one common issue in the discussions of education is the Pisa test results, which take up in the media. In the Pisa research the Finnish pupils get through well year after year. Because of the discussions about the distinct school systems in Sweden and Finland, I found it interesting to investigate the divergence of the curriculums in these two countries. The main research questions asked were, what are the main differences and similarities in the Swedish and Finnish curriculums in primary school? Such as, is the assignment of primary school similar in Sweden and Finland?In my study I analyzed and compared by means of the curriculum especially mathe-matics teaching in primary schools in grade three in Sweden and in grade two Fin-land.

This paper analyzes the content of eight Islamic Friday-sermons, held at Chalmers Technical University in Gothenburg in spring 2010, organized by Chalmers Islamiska Förening (CIF) (Chalmers Islamic community).The forces of globalization, the accessibility of information and the Internet have given rise to discourses and movements that know no national boundaries. The accessibility of these global movements and discourses through media, Internet, etc., affect the way Muslims in Sweden interpret and practice their religion. Thus, this paper includes discussions and descriptions of global Islamic revivalist-movements, and relates the contents of the sermons at Chalmers to these movements. In the sermons, the imams often discuss the concept of a global Muslim community, the umma, and their perceptions of the prescribed ethics linked to this community. They often relate this discussion of ethics to frequently discussed issues in the West such as equality, justice and ethical standards in war.