The organized and controlled form of collecting consumption taxes and toll from the import and export trade goes back to the 17th century in Sweden. The customs administration and procedure were regulated by royal announcements, and the majority of the documents found in the customs archives represent thus records stipulated by such notifications. The customs archives can be used for research on several levels; the announcements reflect currents within both the domestic and foreign politics, while the account lists for financial statistics portray the extent of the trade. The various lists of compilation can be further used to follow for instance the development of different units of measurement, the expansion of tax rates, the value of trade goods or the changes in monetary units or systems. The diaries, architectural plans of the customs offices and maps of the toll areas place the customs officials and their work within the local scenery.The thesis focuses on archives deriving from customs located at harbors and on the Swedish-Norwegian border in the county of Dalarna.

This thesis compares four relevance feedback methods. The Rocchio and Ide dec-hi algorithms for the vector space model and the binary independence model and Okapi BM25 within the probabilistic framework. This is done in a custom-made Information Retrieval system utilizing a collection containing 131 896 LA-Times articles which is part of the TREC ad-hoc collection. The methods are compared on two grounds, using only the relevance information from the 20 highest ranked documents from an initial search and also by using all available relevance information. Although a significant effect of choice of method could be found on the first ground, post-hoc analysis could not determine any statistically significant differences between the methods where Rocchio, Ide dec-hi and Okapi BM25 performed equivalent.

?Det händer i affärslivet att man gör misstag och det är bara att försöka rätta till det så snabbt som möjligt och gå vidare.? Detta konstaterar Nils-Erik Danielsson, VD för Ballingslövkoncernen.Denna öppenhet om ett begånget misstag i samband med ett uppköp i Danmark gjorde Ballingslövkoncernen till ett utmärkt studieobjekt för denna uppsats. Här behandlas vilket lärande som uppkommer vid misslyckande under en internationaliseringsprocess. Organisationer som, likt Ballingslövkoncernen, väljer att expandera utomlands står inför många möjligheter. Samtidigt finns dock en risk för att problem kan uppstå till följd av bristande marknadskunskap eller felaktiga antaganden om kulturen vid inträdande på nya marknader.

We are two students of Horticulture management with marketing profile, now doing an extended course in Business Leadership within horticulture and agriculture. During our 2 years of studies we have used the same company once before, and this project is an expansion of a previous piece of work. We decided, in agreement with the company, to use an inquiry for our study. For this we have contacted 290 of the company's already existing customers. The primary purpose of the survey is to analyze the service offered by the company.

Almost all Swedes today have access to the Internet, if not through the home then via the library or work. Despite this, around 20% of the population stand outside the information society in that they lack in knowledge, assistive usability tools or positive attitude towards technology and its influence on society. The main factors influencing the digital divide in today's society are age, disability and education, while the main reason for staying outside seems to be disinterest.The question about digital inclusion is important as we now stand on the breaking-point between a society where the industry has had a prominent position for private as well as national economy and a digital society where access to the Internet is no longer about prestige, but where significant differences between users' knowledge levels can create a power gap. Gaps in access and use not only reflects already existing socio-economic conditions, but can also maintain and enhance these.It is crucial for the future expansion of Internet usage how today's non-users feel about becoming users. To understand what underlies the motivations not to use computers is one of the keys to get non-users to embrace becoming users.

Svensk fotboll bygger för framtiden. I Sveriges tre största städer byggs det fotbollsarenor för närmare 2,5 miljarder kronor. Den största arenan byggs i Solna och blir den nya nationalarenan för Svensk fotboll. Göteborg river Gamla Ullevi och bereder plats för en ny fräsch arena för storklubbarna. I Malmö har Malmö FF öppnat plånboken och bygger en ny arena.Nya arenor skapar nya möjligheter för Svensk fotboll.

Stockholms stad förväntas fram till 2030 öka sin befolkningsmängd med 150 000 nya invånare. Därmed uppkommer behov av att också grannskapsförorterna expanderar. Kan en relativt kraftig expansion ske i dessa förorter och hur bör i så fall dess struktur och form att förändras? Förortsutbyggnaden i Stockholm skedde i en expansiv tid, då det fanns en stark misstro mot staden som fenomen. Grannskapsförorterna, uppförda från 1940-talet till mitten av 60-talet, planerades efter ett lantligt ideal, med naturen som övergripande system där människans behov av vila skulle tillgodoses.

Aktiebolagsformen är i dagsläget den klart vanligaste företagsformen på den svenska marknaden. Aktiemarknaden har till uppgift att bland annat bistå med riskkapital för framtida finansiering av expansion och utveckling. En form att bistå bolagen med riskkapital är genom nyemission, vilket är av stor betydelse för förnyande och utveckling av näringslivet samt för en fortsatt god välfärdsutveckling. De olika företagen har alla sin anledning till att vilja utföra nyemission. Med avseende på anledning för nyemission kommer givetvis företagens aktiekurs att förändras olika.

I denna utredning har vi undersökt hur beroendeproblematiken påverkat regler och professionalism inom revisorsyrket på de större revisionsbyråerna. Vi har genom teori och intervjuer sökt klargöra yrkesattribut, samband, risker och förebyggande åtgärder mot den enskilde revisorn, samt dennes revisionsbyrås beroende gentemot klient. Vi har från respondenterna stött på överensstämmande uppgifter gällande hot såsom ekonomiskt beroende, alltför informella kundrelationer, tilltagande konkurrens och tung arbetsbörda, vilken riskerar att gå ut över revisionsarbetets oberoende. De förebyggande åtgärderna som revisionsbyråerna använder sig av för att stävja beroendehot är lagarbete, utbildning, avgränsade arbetsuppgifter, kontrollfunktioner. Vi har kommit fram till att den analytiska förmågan hos revisorn är viktig i sammanhanget och kan komma att få utökad betydelse i förlängningen.

Sölvesborg är en stad under expansion, dit lockas folk av en lantlig idyll nära havet. Sölvesborgs kommun har som mål att öka invånarantalet från 16 000 till 20 000 fram till år 2020. Kommunen äger fastigheten Hydro vilken är centralt belägen i Sölvesborg i anslutning till tågstationen. Idag används fastigheten Hydro till en parkeringsyta och kommunen vill att fastigheten ska planeras om för att bli en ny central knytpunkt i Sölvesborg som binder ihop tågstationen och förlänger centrumstråket. Detta examensarbete leder till färdiga förslagshandlingar för fastigheten.

Today all buildings contain some form of home automation. It might be heating controlled by athermostat or motion detectors controlling outdoor lighting.This paper,The Intelligent House, deals with the planning of a house in Kiruna, in the north ofSweden and further immerses itself in home automation or intelligent control in single-familyhomes. The house has been entirely planned, from layout to structural design and plumbing.The purpose of the paper has been to investigate the possibilities in home automation in singlefamilyhomes and to choose a suitable home automation system for the house being planned.The system has been designed and the costs and energy savings have been calculated.The system chosen for the house is called KNX and is the largest system for home automation inSweden. It is used to control heating, ventilation, lighting and alarm systems in the house. Is hasbeen found that KNX is very expensive and that the amount of energy, possible to save in thehouse, using the system, is relatively small.

AbstractTitle: 2008- the year of the mobile-TV-markets expansion? (2008- ett år för mobil-tv-marknadens utbredning? Drivkrafter hinder och aktörer).Number of pages: 50Author: Hilda EngstrandTutor: Lowe HedmanCourse: Media and Communication Studies CPeriod: Fall Semester 2007University: Division of Media and Communication, Department of Information Science, Uppsala University.Purpose/Aim: The aim of this research paper is to identify the main operators on the mobile-tv-market and to map out the main forces behind its growth. What are the driving forces that creates a new disribution-market? Also to study how political media-regulation effect and urge the mobile-tv- market.Material/Method: Interviews with people from the mobile-tv-market. To read public-documents, press releases and reports from the government, media-companies and organisations has also been a method used to gain information.Main results: That the mobile-tv-markets growth is a result of several driving forces.

This thesis analyses how a radiology department at the largest hospital in Sweden, Karolinska University Hospital, most profitably could expand its capacity for investigating cancer patients using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The queues today for patients waiting to be scanned are long, which delays the start of cancer treatments. Meanwhile the hospital has a budget deficit of half a billion SEK, which make any expansion hard. In this thesis we evaluate the alternatives of investing in new machinery; utilize the current machinery better by using them more days annually or through a shift work system. Finally we evaluate a combination of these.

Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to clarify and evaluate the concept of scenario planning.Methodology: Our research methodology has a qualitative approach and uses deductive reasoning. The theoretical field of strategy formulation has been reviewed and in specific the concept scenario planning was unravelled and mapped. Thereafter, our model was tested in a case study where the empirical data was collected through personal interviews. Theoretical field: Literature and articles from the strategic management field have been reviewed with a focus on strategy formulation, scenario planning and Williamson?s theory for the creation of a portfolio for strategic options.Empirical base: Personal interviews and secondary sources such as financial reports, articles mainly from industry media and articles found in the databases ELIN and Affärsdata.Analysis: The analysis work constitutes the testing of our model for scenario planning, integrated into Williamson?s portfolio of strategic options for the future.Result: The work has resulted in a clarified model of scenario planning with links to strategic management schools.

To succeed, a word that can be interpreted in many different ways. In this thesis the authorshave highlighted the word succeed with success. There has been a case study of twocompanies, which managed to penetrate a competitive market which is still under expansion.These brands are popular and maintain a high standard. Boomerang and Vagabond are twoSwedish companies which not only managed to penetrate the Swedish market, but also aninternational market. These are two Swedish companies which started from scratch as anyother company.