For several years has there been a leading line from the government and the municipalities in Sweden to invest in schools and school grounds. The outdoor environment of schools has been rediscovered and given a greater importance. Investments have been made both practically with reconstruction and in a research context. Although, my work started with an assumption that these investments were mainly made at primary schools, and that secondary schools were set aside. The thesis This is my schoolyard.

Agricultural soils constitute the base in human food production and soil content of organic matter and plant nutrients together with soil microbial activity are all important parameters for high crop yield of good quality. These parameters are dependant on proper fertilization.Anaerobic digestion of organic wastes for biogas production generates a liquid residue called biogas residue (BR). It contains organic material and plant nutrients which makes ita potential fertilizer for arable cropping. However, it also contains heavy metals and toxic organic compounds and it is therefore in need of evaluation before usage.Microbial tests were performed aiming to evaluate the agronomic traits of four different BR and to find a viable procedure for evaluating slurry fertilizers. Two experiments where soil respiration and soil potential denitrification activity (PDA) was measured at fertilizer addition were performed.

Bakgrund: Personer över 80 år har ökat med nästan 22 % under åren 1992 ? 2005. Under samma tid har vårdplatserna inom hela akutsjukvården nästan halverats. Detta har lett till ökat vårdbehov och större belastning på framför allt akutmottagningar, medicinkliniker, primärvården och kommunen. Tidigare studier har visat att inadekvata akutmedicinska inläggningar sker ofta runtom i Europa.Syfte: Syftet med studien var att studera inskrivning och utskrivning av patienter vid akutmedicinska avdelningar på ett sjukhus i Sverige.Metod: Studien genomfördes under 2007 på en akutmedicinsk klinik i Sydöstra Sverige.

Hallstaviks papermill is an industry plant within Holmen Paper. Hallstavik is a mechanical mill and produce newspaper and journal paper. During year 2000, Hallstavik used approximate 1.200 m3f spruce, either as logs or chips from sawmills. Due to that the production is running continuously the mill also needs raw material at the same rate. At some periods the supply of raw material cannot keep up pace.

The National Arts Council[1] has made an evaluation on obstacles and success factors for the interaction between culture and school. In the evaluation report they concluded that teachers and cultural workers have different views on culture and knowledge which creates confusion in their interaction. Thus I became interested to investigate teachers and cultural workers views on culture, aesthetics, and the knowledge that they think the students / children / young people should get from culture and aesthetics. This work is based on qualitative interviews with four teachers and four cultural workers. I compare their views with each other and link it to different research perspectives on culture and aesthetics in school to get an understanding of the similarities and differences in their approach, and what implications it can have in the school?s learning processes. In this work, from a didactic point of view, I found that when the teachers and cultural workers are talking about culture, the why-perspective differs.

Denna rapport handlar om hur man jobbar med en matte painting, och utgår ifrån bristfälligt material som inte är skapat för ändamålet, och med detta material ändå skapar en matte painting efter ad`s (art director)önskemål..

Background: Evaluation of lameness in horses is traditionally performed by a veterinarian who subjectively evaluates the movements of the horse. Accordingly, lameness diagnosis varies with the veterinarian and circumstances for which the horse is examined. Research within the area has long tried to establish an objective and standardized method for lamenessevaluation in horses. Several methods have been shown to be reliable and are used regularly within research, for example measurement of forces between the hoof and ground, and measurement of movements with high speed cameras or accelerometers. However these methods require considerable preparation, standardization, and expensive equipment as well as produce large amounts of data that are incomprehensible for the clinician.

With the curriculum Lpfö98, and its revised version 2010, the demands for evaluation of the quality of the preschool have been emphasized. Accordingly, the activities need to be systematically documented, followed up and assessed, to be improved. Most importantly, this includes continuous follow up, documentation and analysis of the development and learning of the children. This is usually carried out by means of pedagogical documentation, but how this working tool should be used in practice is not totally clear for all pedagogues. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate how pedagogical documentation is performed, assessed and made accessible for the children, parents and staff-members, in practical preschool work.In the study, four pedagogues (two preschool teachers and two pedagogical mentors), working in two different preschools where the Reggio Emilia concept is practiced for pedagogical documentation, were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire.The informants described pedagogical documentation as a complex and time-consuming working tool, albeit necessary and helpful to fulfill the requirements of the curriculum.

Både båtägare och båtproducenter blir allt mer miljömedvetna för var dag som går. Kunskapen om växthuseffekten, regnskogskövling, energiförbrukning och människans hälsa är mycket högre idag än för några år sedan. Båtindustrin är en konservativ bransh och inredningar baserade på exklusiva ädeträarter från regnskogen har historiskt sett varit mycket populära. Dessa material är även idag populära men på grund av den ökande kunskapen om miljöpåverkningar har fler kunder blivit accepterande av alternativa material. Detta medför att båtproducenter nu kan lansera nya ersättande material med bättre miljöegenskaper.Denna fakta bas är grunden till detta examensarbete som handlade om att utveckla och formge en nya mer miljövänlig båtinredning baserad på alternativa material.

This paper concerns the treatment of people at execution places and it is focusing on Gotland and the execution place called Galgberget. The material in the paper comes from Galgberget and a gallow in Denmark called Slots Bjergby. Together with this the laws of Gotland during the medieval and later periods are discussed and also how the archaeological material (especially the buttons) found on the excavation site can help to understand the people buried on the gallow site. The result of the analysis shows that the laws and the material found on the excavation site often tells different things. The punishments are often softer then what the law says.

This essay focuses on strategies for acquisitions in Swedish publiclibraries. The topic has been occuring in the public debate off andon since the70s. The dominant view has been that librarians haveallowed demand direct the purchases of media and thus haveignored quality literature.This debate has caused me to reflect on the librarians constantdilemma when purchasing media. Are they supposed to chooseliterature that are in demand, or should an evaluation made bylibrarians be the decisive?The previous research has shown that the library profession istraditionally characterized by a non-judgmental approach.

rary of Sweden Statens musikbibliotek [51][pdf.gif] The aim of this study is to investigate how bibliographic description of music materials has improved through history. The historical aspect is given by a study of bibliographic data in different catalogues of a specific collection. The aim is also to understand what specific problems will arise in the work of cataloguing music materials and how the problems are discussed in the literature. The study is focusing of church music material and the history of churchmusic is therefore given an exposition. The origin of musical notation, which took place within the church, is also discussed.

Vi har utgått ifrån det sociokulturella och  fenomenografiska  perspektivet i vår studie. Vår studie har behandlat vilket material som finns och används på respektive förskolor i arbetet med matematiken.  Vi har även undersökt på vilket sätt materialet används av lärarna och av barnen samt om det finns en  matematisk  miljö  på  förskolorna,  och  i  så  fall, hur  den  kommer  till uttryck.   Syftet   med  vår  studie   var  att   ta   reda   på   användningen   av matematikmaterialet  på  förskolor  som  arbetar  utifrån  Montessori  inriktad pedagogik och Reggio Emilia inspirerad pedagogik. Vi har även tagit reda på pedagogers tankar bakom matematikmaterial. Studien har inte som syfte att jämföra de olika pedagogikernas användning av material. Vårt empiriska insamlande  material  har  tagits  fram  via  intervjuer  och  observationer.

This essay examines the differences and similarities, weaknesses and strengths of the two Cognitive Semantic theories Conceptual Metaphor Theory and Principled Polysemy Approach to Meaning Analysis. To illustrate the two theories, the Swedish verb-particle construction "gå upp" is examined and analyzed accordingly. The results showed differences in the number of polysemous meaning found. The methodological evaluation showed that the differences in the underlying ideas concerning meaning-construction behind these two theories make them incompatible..

Syftet med vårt arbete är att undersöka hur lärare arbetar med laborativt material samt problemlösning i matematik och när de tar in detta i sin undervisning. Vi avser även undersökavad högpresterande och lågpresterande elever har för uppfattningar kring dessa områden i matematik, samt vad lärarna tror att dessa elevgrupper har för uppfattningar om laborativt material och problemlösning.För att få reda på dessa frågeställningar har vi använt oss av strukturerade intervjuer med 15 högpresterande och 15 lågpresterande elever samt kvalitativa intervjuer med fem lärare.Resultatet av denna undersökning visar att laborativt material är något som mestadels används som hjälpmedel till lågpresterande elever. Problemlösning anses stimulera högpresterande elevers intresse för matematik i större omfattning, än de lågpresterandes.Problemlösningsuppgifterna anpassas sällan till elevernas nivå och mestadels tas dessa uppgifter från elevernas matematikböcker. Laborativt material ses som accepterat att använda blandklasskamraterna enligt de intervjuade eleverna, de flesta anser även att det skulle vara eller är roligt att använda laborativt material..