In order to facilitate trade between EU members, the European Committee has created regulations that will govern supervision of organic products. Every regulatory agency shall, according to the European Committees regulations, carry out a risk classification of each organic producer they regulate. This study for The National Food Administration compares regulation of Swedish organic products with other countries, and aims to produce a simplified model based on risk that can be the beginning of the risk classification model that Sweden in the current situation don?t have. The thesis is based on three questions: 1) What criteria should we use for assigning organic food producers? 2) How do selected European countries and frontrunners rate organic producers and what can Sweden learn from them? 3) How might a national classification model of organic production look in order to ensure an equivalent level of regulation and prevent competition among private inspection bodies? A review of information gathered from the different countries gave differing results.

I hälso- och sjukvården i Sverige används ett flertal medicintekniska apparater och IT-system. Ofta läser man av en skärm på den medicintekniska apparaten och noterar informationen på papper för att sedan manuellt mata in dessa uppgifter i IT-systemen. Detta manuella mellanled finns det önskemål och förhoppningar om att slippa. Man vill kunna överföra information automatiskt mellan den medicintekniska apparaten och IT-systemet, med andra ord vill man integrera dem. För att åstadkomma detta måste ett antal grund-läggande förutsättningar uppfyllas.

The first aim of this study is to examine what the differences are between the Classic directive (directive 2004/18/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 31 March 2004 on the coordination of procedures for the award of public works contracts, public supply contracts and public service contracts) and the Revised Classic directive (directive 2014/24/EU of the European Parliament and of the council of 26 February 2014 on public procurement and repealing Directive 2004/18/EC) when it comes to social considerations in public procurement. The second aim is to examine if the revision of the directive has solved the prior existing problems regarding social considerations in public procurement. In this paper a traditional European legal method is used. The examinations show a number of things, including the Revised Classic directive involving codification of case law, references to other sources of law and some clarified rules as well as new provisions. The regulations regarding reserved contracts, technical specifications, and selection criterion are satisfied in the Revised Classic directive.

The first aim of this study is to examine what the differences are between the Classic directive (directive 2004/18/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 31 March 2004 on the coordination of procedures for the award of public works contracts, public supply contracts and public service contracts) and the Revised Classic directive (directive 2014/24/EU of the European Parliament and of the council of 26 February 2014 on public procurement and repealing Directive 2004/18/EC) when it comes to social considerations in public procurement. The second aim is to examine if the revision of the directive has solved the prior existing problems regarding social considerations in public procurement. In this paper a traditional European legal method is used. The examinations show a number of things, including the Revised Classic directive involving codification of case law, references to other sources of law and some clarified rules as well as new provisions. The regulations regarding reserved contracts, technical specifications, and selection criterion are satisfied in the Revised Classic directive.

This thesis is about Swedish and Serbian teachers and their views on how literature should be taught to students in high school. The twist is that these teachers live in two different European countries, and work under two different educational systems. Three of them work in Stockholm, Sweden and the other three in Belgrade, Serbia. The purpose of this thesis was to find similarities and differences in the practice of teaching literature among teachers in these two different educational systems. The teachers were interviewed separately and spoke freely about their views and methods when teaching literature.

This essay analyses the European Food Safety Authority's (EFSA) legitimacy. Theories on input- and output legitimacy are used in the examination. After analysing stakeholder representation, forum for deliberation, transparency, independence, and information sharing, input legitimacy in EFSA is assessed to be high. Output legitimacy was examined through the authority's outcome effectiveness, which was divided into compliance and effectiveness. Since food safety is an immense area, two important parts were chosen for the analysis of output legitimacy; transmissible/bovine spongiform encephalopathy (TSE/BSE) and genetically modified organisms (GMO).

The purpose of this paper is for the reader to realise how national innovation systems are deeply intertwined with the legal background of a country and to understand the processes that involves national innovation systems specifically regarding the stem cell / genetics research and how the need for specific community law must be considered targeting the stem cell patents. The legal part will try to answer: Why is it important given the actual state of the European stem cell national innovation systems for the European Commission to take a stand and tackle issues regarding the patenting of the human stem cell innovations? This is done from a country industry analysis (business approach) and then linking it with competition law from a community stand point of view (that tackles biotechnology issues). In order to achieve this the paper is divided into three separate analyses beginning with a theoretical background of general biotechnology / genetic terms that will enable the reader to have a general understanding of the importance of this kind or research ( genetics / stem cell research). The chosen countries case studies exemplify very diverse economies and development perspective from the traditionally R&D intensive to the least and from the biggest countries in Europe to one of the smallest, thus giving cultural, legal, economic and scientific variety..

Parallel import in the European Union is the perfectly legal activity under Art. 28-30 EC of buying goods in a low-price country in order to ship and sell them in a high-price country. The pharmaceutical market in Europe is subject to the subsidiartiy principle of Art. 5 EC and heavily characterised by national regulations that lead to significant price differentials between – generally speaking – Northern and Southern Europe. This incites the activity of parallel traders in the first place, who act as arbitrageurs.

Vid ett företagsförvärv måste båda företagets anställda integreras, så att respektive expertkunskap kommer båda företagen tillgodo. Frågor rörande hur anställda ska integreras blir dock ofta förbisedda under de förhandlingar som föregår uppköpet. I den här uppsatsen har vi studerat hur företag verksamma inom IT- och telekombranschen hanterar företagsförvärv och integration av det uppköpta företagets anställda, samt om organisationskulturen påverkar integrationsprocessen. Utifrån ett organisatoriskt perspektiv beskrivs vilka skillnader och likheter som kan identifieras i integrationsprocessen vid förvärv inom IT- och telekombranschen. Dessa skillnader ställs dels mot befintliga teorier, som fokuserar på tillverkande företag, och dels mot fallföretagens sätt att hantera integrationsprocessen.

Tyr ? A historical and comparative study of configurations and formations connected to the Old Norse god Tyr. Klas af Edholm This thesis has two aims. One is a discussion of the history of the study of Old Norse religion and related aspects, centered on how general tendencies within the area of research have affected the interpretations of the god *T?waz/Tyr.

This paper deals with Will Kymlicka's and Charles Taylor's theories of multiculturalism, and the criticism of these theories by Jürgen Habermas and Seyla Benhabib. It also gives a brief background to the Swedish integration and minority policies and places them in relations to the academic discussion. Taylor advocates cultural survival to be a legitimate policy objective and Kymlicka argues that rights should be diversified in order to adapt to different needs of cultural minorities. The thesis aims to confront the theories with interviews of four persons who voluntarily or by profession work for the interest of minorities. The theories have been operationalized as questions and structured in four themes with the purpose of analyzing the interviews.

This thesis is concerned with investigating the Roma, a group that is left out in most of the territory bound theories. The theoretical purposes are to develop theories that increase the understanding for the Roma as a diasporic nation without state and the advocacy networks they are organised in. The main empirical purpose has been to study two organisations as cases and how they position themselves against the European Union concerning identity politics. The two organisations are European Roma Rights Centre (ERRC) and Dzeno. They are a part of the same network that works on different levels with the rights of Roma.

SammanfattningTrots att Sveriges befolkning består i dag av c:a 10% invandrare. Är det fortfarande svårt för många av dem att komma in i det svenska samhället i dag. Problemet med diskriminering bland invandrare i Sverige gör att många av de riskerar att hamna utanför samhällets kretsar. Trots detta problem har ett fenomen visat att invandrare kan integreras till det svenska samhället. Det här fenomenet är fotboll en sport som har visat sig vara ett viktigt hjälpmedel för integration av unga invandrarkillar i Sverige, enligt en undersökning som gjordes av Jesper Fundberg åt riksidrottsförbundet (2003).

I detta examensarbete beskriver jag FMT-metoden (Funktionsinriktad MusikTerapi). Jag beskriver även sensorisk integration och innebörden av sinnesintegrering och relaterar det till hur arbetet med FMT kan utföras. Under min praktikperiod har arbetet pågått med flera adepter. Valter som har diagnosen Autism och Stellan som har diagnosen Down syndrom, får en närmare presentation här. Jag undersöker också om det går att nå fram till dessa personer med denna ickeverbala metod, när deras förutsättningar är så olika. Båda har funktionsnedsättningar, men av olika slag.

Uppsatsen handlar om ett projekt som ägde rum på en gymnasieskola i södra Sverige. Projektet syftade till att låta elever, från olika kulturella bakgrunder, lära känna varandra genom intervjuer. Fyra klasser med totalt 38 elever blev givna uppgiften att skriva ett personporträtt om den de intervjuade. Detta gav studenterna möjligheten att lära känna varandra, samtidigt som de fick veta mer om respektive elevs kulturella bakgrund. Min del i detta projekt var att utvärdera resultatet genom att intervjua elever och lärare, för att se vad de tyckte om projektet.