Bakgrund: Diabetes typ 1 ?r en l?ngvarig sjukdom som kr?ver omfattande egenv?rd f?r att undvika komplikationer p? l?ng och kort sikt och f?r att ha en god livskvalitet. Traditionellt har synen p? patientutbildning varit att kunskaps?verf?ring fr?n v?rdpersonal till patient resulterar i ett l?rande och d?rmed i god metabol kontroll. Nyare forskning visar d?remot vikten av att f? bearbeta de emotionella aspekterna, att kunna acceptera sjukdomen och integrera den i livet.

Kranskärlsoperationer är idag ett vanligt förekommande kirurgiskt ingrepp. Årligen opereras 4200 personer i Sverige. Studier har visat att patienters upplevelser efter en genomgången kranskärlsoperation många gånger är komplicerade, med ökade behov av support och besvär såsom minnesstörningar, nedstämdhet och fysiska besvär. Syftet med studien var att belysa patienters upplevelser ur ett livsvärldsperspektiv efter genomgången kranskärlsoperation. Upplevelserna speglade tiden på sjukhuset och upplevelser i hemmet efter operationen.

I bärande konstruktioner bör spröda brottförlopp i största möjliga mån undvikas. Sega brott ger högre säkerhet och bättre utsikter att utrymma en byggnad innan kollaps inträffar. De material eller konstruktioner som innehar egenskaper som ger upphov till ett kontrollerbart segt brott, har en hög duktilitet. Inom områden med hög seismisk aktivitet är dämpning av dynamiska laster genom energiupptagning i byggnadsdelar särskilt avgörande för säkerställande av bibehållen bärförmåga. Hög duktilitet i förband och balkar utnyttjas för detta.

This thesis explores how Muslim youths? lifeworlds are depicted and narrated in the following two studies on Muslim youth in Sweden and Denmark: Muslima (2007) and Samtidsislam (2010). The aim of this thesis is to answer the following question: In what ways do these works treat the aspects of the lifeworlds that are being highlighted in their studies of Muslim youth in contemporary Sweden and Denmark? An underlying aim is to analyse the results within the framework of theories of socialisation, cultural emancipation and rituals and traditions.With a hermeneutic approach I analyse the texts and operationalize the research question into four themes: the effects of socialization, cultural emancipation, rituals and traditions and secularization. The texts are treated in the analysis with textual analysis and hermeneutic method.

The UN was established after the Second World War. The organization?s primary goal was to maintain peace among all nations. When the UN intervenes in other states affairs, it is violat-ing the principles it is set to defend, principles of non-intervention and respect for sover-eignty. The outcome from such interventions is very important, a result that can legitimize the action.

Demands on businesses are constantly increasing and the competition in the market-place is becoming ever tougher. To gain the long-term confidence of customers, not only the best businesses, but also the best supply chains are required.Volvo Cars is experiencing a changing competitive situation and their retailers are having trouble stocking the right spare parts. Shorter product life cycles and the growth of Volvo?s product program result in an increase in the number of spare parts to be stocked. In order to adapt to market trends and meet customer demands, Volvo has developed the LDC model, establishing a number of regional warehouses in strategic locations in Sweden, de-signed to supply spare parts to the regions? retailers through so-called Vendor-Managed In-ventory (VMI).The purpose of the study is to examine Volvo personbilar Sverige?s (VPS) motivation for a modified customer-service strategy through LDC.

This paper describes a factor analysis applied at the data of the European Union structural indicators. These are the official indicators for wealth and economic development in the European Union with main use to evaluate the outcomes of the year 2000 Lisbon goals for making the European Union the world?s strongest economy by 2010. The purpose of the data is to serve for comparing and ?learning by doing?-policies, but have, due to size and format, so far been hard to use for a good compare between member countries.

I Sverige har debatten om brand i hallbyggnad pågått under en längre tid. Grundkravet enligt EKS 8 för hallbyggnader som innehåller samlingslokal är R30, men konstruktionsdelar som vid kollaps inte leder till fortskridande ras eller ger för stort skadeområde kan förbli oskyddade. Framförallt handlar debatten om möjligheter till oskyddade takbalkar av stål samt vilka verifieringsmetoder som ska vara tillämpningsbara.I denna studie har FDS-simuleringar utförts med olika scenarier där parametrar som bland annat bränsletyp, takhöjd och öppningsstorlekar har varierats. Dessa scenarier har jämförts och parametrarnas betydelse har analyserats. Fokus i denna studie har varit analys av temperaturerna i takbalkarna, men även utrymningssimuleringar har utförts i programmet Evac.

The purpose of this work was to provide a better understanding of urea?s decomposition and byproduct formation in an SCR system on heavy trucks. In my experimental setup with TGA-DSC-FTIR (a combination of two thermal analysis methods and a method for gas phase detection), an FTIR method for urea in the gas phase was developed for the qualitative and quantitative determination of urea and its decomposition products. Chemicals such as urea, biuret, cyanuric acid and melamine of p.a. quality were used in this method development. Beforehand, there was no FTIR method available to detect these substances; hence, the aim of this work was to develop an FTIR method to understand the degradation chain of urea. The combination of TGA and DSC was used for analysis of different samples, where urea, biuret, cyanuric acid and melamine in varying amounts have been weighted in for various experiments in order to study the temperature at which a phase transition or reaction occurs, i.e.

The subject for this paper is the Class Action against Skandia Association, a civil organization formed in 2003 with the aim of claiming compensation for some 1.2 million life insurance customers. The background to its formation was one of the largest financial scandals in Sweden in recent times, involving a number of questionable affairs within the insurance corporation Skandia and its subsidiaries, most notably the life insurance company Skandia Liv. The interests of both the stake- and stockholders of the company seem, in certain ways, to have been grossly misrepresented. The scandal, as well as the reaction it spawned, pose a number of questions. In this study, we focus on two: a possible, and in many ways apparent crisis in the representation of interests in Swedish society, and the role of civil society in upholding the balance between these interests.We argue that what is often held to be the ?greed? or ?immorality? of individuals in scandals such as Skandia is, to a great extent, a mere reflection of the ?rational? underpinnings of modern-day capitalism.We find that trust has been a key mechanism of control in the relationships between consumers and agents in pension and life insurance markets, and that ?the Swedish model? that distinguished post-WWII Swedish society was a model heavily based on trust towards existing models of bureaucratic governance.

In this report two Sustainability Life Cycle Assessments are carried out for two types of tiles for Riksbyggen, to contribute to a sustainable urban transition. Sustainability Life Cycle Assessment involves performing a life cycle assessment based on four principles based on scientific research and presented by the non- governmental, non-profit organization, The Natural Step. The principles concern raw materials, chemically produced substances, degeneration of nature and social conditions.Origin of products, manufacturing sites and manufacturing procedures were initially completely unknown and much of the work has consisted of finding the entire cycles, understand manufacturing processes of ceramic tiles and evaluating what materials and what type of energy sources that are required for the production. A socially sustainable perspective has been of high relevance alongside an ecologically sustainable perspective.The report begins with the basic underlying facts and the purposes of this investigation and that the reasons why Sustainability Life Cycle Assessments are carried out are to provide Riksbyggen and the own workers with documents presenting Riksbyggens ideas regarding sustainability and to hopefully get the ideas further down in the supply chain. The methods used to fulfill the investigation are presented and scientific facts about LCA and ceramic building materials are reviewed.

Background: The relationship between advanced age, presence of illness and impaired functioning is well known. A large proportion of the elderly population has an extensive need of care and service and therefore need help from municipal care. Aging is a transition in life and also affects the person's identity and self image, making the person particularly vulnerable and challenging everyday safety. It is therefore of importance to gain knowledge about which factors at individual and organizational level that support a person-centered nursing care for the elderly so that caring responsibilities and staffing of nursing personnel may be scheduled based on need. Aim: This study aimed at describing dependency and care needs of elderly persons living in ordinary housing, sheltered housing and nursing homes.

Inledning: Andelen personer som lider av obesitas ökar markant i hela världen och för att återfå sin hälsa är så kallad fetmabehandlande, även kallad bariatrisk kirurgi, den sista utvägen för många. En operation som visar betydligt bättre resultat än medicinsk behandling även på lång sikt vad gäller vikt, effekt på diabetes typ 2, hypertoni mm. Men flera studier tyder på ökad risk för alkoholmissbruk, i alla fall efter Gastric Bypass (1, 2). Årligen opereras mellan 7000 och 8000 personer bara i Sverige och kunskapen kring kort- och långtidseffekterna av kirurgin ökar allt mer (3). För att resultatet av operationen ska förbli långsiktigt positivt krävs att patienterna varaktigt förändrar sin livsstil men tydligen bör de även uppmärksammas på att till exempel alkoholupptaget förändras och därmed kan öka risken för missbruk.

Att genomgå en amputation kan upplevas som en stor livsomställning där patienten behöver acceptera förlusten av kroppsdelen för att kunna gå vidare med sitt liv och uppleva en god livskvalitet, trots en kvarvarande grundsjukdom. Patienten genomgår en transition och lär sig hantera sin nya situation och finner mening och begriplighet. Genom en känsla av sammanhang kan patienten få en ökad livskvalitet. Syftet med denna litteraturöversikt var att belysa faktorer som påverkar patientens livskvalitet efter en amputation av nedre extremitet på grund av diabetes eller kärlsjukdom. Artiklarna söktes i databaserna PubMed och Cinahl, där inklusionskriterierna var amputation av nedre extremiteter som genomförts på grund av diabetes eller kärlsjukdom.

Att leva med ADHD innefattar en rad problem som hos den drabbade individen kanleda till sociala svårigheter och i förlängningen till ytterligare psykiskasjukdomstillstånd, såsom ångest och depression. Det är därför angeläget att undersökaunga människors egna erfarenheter av vad det innebär att ha fått diagnosen ADHD,för att finna vägar som kan reducera riskerna som kommer med diagnosen. Dennastudie riktar sig till unga vuxna med ADHD och syftar till att öka kunskapen om deunga vuxnas erfarenheter av att ha fått diagnosen ADHD. Till studien rekryteradesfyra unga kvinnor som alla hade fått sin diagnos inom det gångna året. Informanternarandomiserades ur ett barnpsykiatriskt register inom Region Halland.