This Bachelor Thesis is entitled ?Swedish parental leave and gender equality. Effects on women?s conditions on the labour market?. Through our empirical results in conjunction with economical and sociological theories, this Bachelor Thesis attempts to answer the questions: 1) Why are the claims for Swedish parental leave unevenly distributed between men and women? 2) Does the uneven distribution result in discrimination of women on the labour market? 3) How do different designs of parental leave scheme influence women?s conditions on the labour market and which possibilities are there to change these conditions through changes in the design? We make use of case studies from Denmark, Iceland and Great Britain, which work as basis for policy implications for the Swedish parental leave scheme.

The purpose of this study is to examine the relations of power within the discourse of integration and my focus will be on power relations and structural discrimination. The study origins from four qualitative interviews with employees from the County administrative board as well as from the Employment office.The theoretical framework is based upon Social Constructionism, Postcolonial Theories and with an intersectional perspective. The recent critical research from The Official Report on power, integration and structural discrimination (Utredningen om makt, integration och strukturell diskriminering) is used as well as Foucault's theory of biopower which is discussed within the analysis.The study indicates that although integration often is addressed as a reciprocal process, it is still assumed that They should be integrated by Us. The present government's one-sided focus on employment has proved difficult for the employees to put into practise and when the responsibility of obtaining employment is based upon the individual alone, she/he becomes responsible for her/his own integration..

Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka ifall invandrare och svenskfödda med utländsk bakgrund någon gång har utsatts för etnisk diskriminering under deras liv i Sverige och hur denna etniska diskriminering i så fall sett ut. Följande frågeställningar har använts för att besvara syftet: har respondenterna någonsin utsatts för etnisk diskriminering i Sverige, om ja hur har diskrimineringen kommit till uttryck samt upplever de respondenter som utsatts för etnisk diskriminering att den på något sätt påverkat deras hälsa? I studien användes en kvalitativ metod med individuella intervjuer som datainsamlingsmetod. Respondentgruppen bestod av två invandrare bosatta i Sverige och tre svenskfödda med annan etnisk bakgrund. Tolkningen av det insamlade intervjumaterialet utfördes med hjälp av de hermeneutiska principerna.

This essay is a comparative empirical study of ethnic integration mainly of the Russian-speaking minorities in the three Baltic states (Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania) in a post-communism setting. As Lithuania has a Polish minority that is as large as the Russian-speaking, they too shall be included in the study but not as thoroughly as the Russian-speaking minority. Thus the problem is: to what degree are the ethnic minorities integrated with the titular nations in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania? In order to study ethnic integration I have set up a theoretical framework largely based on Weiner?s theory of integration. The theoretical framework focuses on three dimensions: Citizenship, Identity and Segregation.

Att Sverige idag är ett mångkulturellt samhälle återspeglas i dagens sjukvård. Sjuksköterskor möter idag patienter med invandrarbakgrund och kan därmed uppleva svårigheter att förstå dessa patienters behov på grund av språkhinder och/eller kulturella skillnader. Syftet med studien var att beskriva sjuksköterskans upplevelser i mötet med patienter med invandrarbakgrund. Vi använde oss av en litteraturstudie där 11 kvalitativa vetenskapliga artiklar granskats och analyserats enligt Evans (2003) modell. Analysen resulterade i följande fem teman; Språkbarriär ? ett hinder för god omvårdnad, Tolkens för - och nackdelar, Anhöriga - på gott och ont, Att uppleva bristfällig kulturkompetens, Upplevelsen av både positiva och negativa fördomar och förutfattade meningar.

Romanies have long lived outside the fabric of society and have long been exposed to discrimination in Sweden as well as the rest of Europe. The purpose of this study is to elucidate the experiences of young Finnish romanies in their everyday lives as well as their perceptions of living as a minority group in Stockholm today. Previous scientific researchers have often concentrated their studies on the romanies as a group, so we, the authors have chosen to concentrate our research on the individual?s own experiences. We, the authors have chosen to use a qualitative approach, to give us the opportunity through using open ended interview techniques to comprehend and interpret the individuals own accounts.

Never before have so many moved so frequently as now. Mobility lies at the centre for the concern ofstates, business and technological development. Some even claim that we are witnessing a mobility turn inthe social sciences. However, as the capacity to move has increased so too has the control and surveillanceof mobility become more extensive. Since September 11, 2001 security has been the defining paradigm fora variety for actors.

This essay deals with the relationship between the influx to higher education and the situation on the labor market in Sweden. It also examines whether overeducation as a phenomenon is present among Swedish academics and if there is any obvious discrimination between the sexes. The Swedish government has an outspoken goal that at least 50% of every age group shall undergo an academic education. Therefore, they have expanded the possibilities ofobtaining one. We have used three economic theories to investigate the subject of this thesis and applied these on the statistics of 4 different educations.

The purpose of this thesis is to examine and analyze why, in the case of Afghanistan, the government chose to establish a highly centralized political system, when from a democratic standpoint a less centralized system would be preferable.The time period that is examined span from 2001 when the so-called Bonn-Accord was signed, to the parliamentary elections held in 2005, a period often referred to as the Bonn-process.The theoretical framework examines both the complex relations between federalism and democracy, as well as the relation between federalism and the role of existent ethnic minorities. The theoretical framework is then used in order to explain why it would be problematic to create a federal system in Afghanistan under the present circumstances.The conclusions that can be drawn are the following: In case of the republic Afghanistan the creation and implementation of a highly centralized political system was the only possible way for the government to be able to cope and practically deal with the problems of existent ethnic antagonism and regional warlords in order to create a stable political situation in the country..

Syftet med denna socialpsykologiska studie om etnisk diskriminering vid anställningsintervjuer är att belysa hur upplevelsen av detta kan se ut, vilka motiven är samt förstå de primära emotioner som de olika respondenterna upplever i dessa situationer. Vår frågeställning lyder; Hur upplever arbetssökande personer vad de anser vara etnisk diskriminering vid en anställningsintervju och vad menar de var motiven bakom den?Genom kvalitativa intervjuer ville vi få de diskriminerades egen upplevelse och erfarenhet av diskriminering, men även få en bredare förståelse för etnisk diskriminering genom intervju med vår nyckelinformant som var en utredare från Diskrimineringsombudsmannen (DO). Genom intervjuer med två arbetsgivare, en från privat respektive en från offentlig sektor, ville vi få veta deras allmänna syn på anställning och etnisk diskriminering, hur de går tillväga vid anställning samt för hur de arbetar för att motverka etnisk diskriminering, men även för att visa att det finns arbetsgivare som inte diskriminerar någon p.g.a. dess etnicitet och att invandrare faktiskt integreras på arbetsmarknaden.Våra intervjuer med de tre respondenter som har upplevt sig bli etniskt diskriminerade tyder på att upplevelserna kan se olika ut, beroende på hur man är som person.

The aim of this study is to explore how sports journalism can include and/or exclude athletics from a national community. This study put emphasis on finding patterns from articles by Swedish sport media on non-ethnic Swedish athletics. The theories central to this study are ethnicity and nationalism, as these concepts contain reflections on why certain groups of people are excluded and/or included. Norman Faircloghs critical discourse analytical model has been selected for the study method that analyzes texts in three levels: the text level, discursive practice and social practice. Four non-ethnic Swedish athletes have been chosen to explore how they were portrayed in the media.

The power of news media to shape public opinion has been widely researched and acknowledged. In the globalized world of today, media representations of different ethnic groups therefore contribute to social segregation or desegregation. This thesis investigates how Spanish news media frame Spain?s most numerous minority of non-European ethnicity: the Moroccans. Using a quantitative content analysis, we have analysed about 200 news articles in the two most read Spanish online newspapers, El País and El Mundo, published during a two-year period, 2010-2012.

The purpose of this essay was to examine the role of the acquisition of the Swedish language for integration of adult immigrants given by the seven parties currently in the parliament and other players on the field. The questions were meant to bring light upon the arguments used by the different players concerning the role of the Swedish language, to enlighten which discourses that are constructed, and the contradictions that exist between these. We parted from a postmodern position and used social constructionism to back up our method and theory of analysis; discourse theory. The results revealed three different discourses concerning the role of the Swedish language in the integration process; the liberal discourse, the discrimination discourse and the social democratic discourse. The liberal discourse claims that immigrants have a responsibility to learn Swedish to be able to achieve employment and to provide for themselves.

Groups that are often referred to as being dismissed in society in general is by some aspects also considered being so in political arenas. A recent compilation of existing research over structurally based objections of gaining power and positions within Swedish parliamentary politics highlight a lack of research considering whether sexual orientation could be such a discriminatory basis. Using a queer theoretical approach, and drawing on concepts such as heteronormativity and homophobia, the principal aim of this essay is to illuminate aspects of local parliamentary political areas where discrimination on the grounds of sexual orientation become relevant. In order to do so six in-depth interviews with homosexual politicians have been conducted. Finding a queer potential in certain ideological parliamentary political environments that enable homosexual politicians to be open about their sexual orientation, it still relies upon the individual to be confident enough not to interpret the political context as homophobic and heteronormative..

The integration policy in Sweden has received criticism for being disintegrating due to the structure of division between those that integrate and those who are to be integrated, a division between ?us? and ?them?. In 2010 the reform Act on introduction activities for certain newly arrived immigrants (2010:197), was carried out to facilitate the integration of newly arrived immigrants on the labor market. The purpose of this thesis is to study power and discrimination structures within the reform by applying an intersectional theoretical framework. Intersectionality is based on the notion that different forms of discrimination such as gender, ethnicity, class, sexual orientation etc.