Denna rapport innefattar framtagningen av ett spelkoncept och användningen av testmetoden fokusgrupp för att styra designprocessen i rätt riktning. Rapporten motiverar mina val av designgrepp samt visar vägen till ett tidigt spelkoncept som innefattar element vilka gör konceptet intressant på marknaden..

This is a bachelor essay in business and administration with concentration in accounting. The purpose of the essay is to describe and analyse how an auditor, who has had a close cooperation with a small owner-led company in several years, can obstruct the specific familiarity-threat and if it appears, secure that it does not affect the independence of the auditor.The conclusion of this essay contains two models which intend to describe how an auditor, as a suggestion, can obstruct the specific friendship-threat and if it appears secure the independence of the auditor..

Due to global climate change and the rising levels of greenhouse gases (GHG) in the atmosphere, the interest for seeking solutions for mitigation has increased. While much attention has been directed towards technical solutions such as carbon capture and storage (CCS), biogenic carbon sinks has also garnered significant attention. Previous studies have shown that coastal ecosystems such as seagrass meadows and mangroves have a much greater capacity for storing carbon (C) compared to terrestrial ecosystems. That raises the question if other coastal ecosystems, such as coastal wetland forests, that previously haven?t been considered as blue carbon habitats also contribute to coastal carbon sink capacity.

Detta är en magisteruppsats i arbetsvetenskap utförd under vårterminen 2014. Studiens syfte har varit att undersöka arbetsmotivationen bland anställda i en tillverkningsfabrik som implementerat principer och verktyg från lean production. Utgångspunkten har varit att undersöka om element i lean production, så som teamorganisering och delaktighet, har en positiv inverkan på inre motivation. I studien operationaliserades inre motivation som arbetstillfredsställelse och engagemang.     Studien utgår från en kvalitativ ansats med ett hermeneutiskt perspektiv. Datamaterialet har insamlats från sammanlagt 12 respondenter, samtliga från samma fabrik i Svealand.

Cryptosporidium parvum is a protozoan parasite causing diarrhoea in many different animal species including cattle and man. It is an important enteric pathogen in neonatal calves and it is the second most common pathogen found in diarrhoeic calves in Sweden. Subclinically infected adult cattle have, in international studies, been shown to shed a low number of oocysts in faeces and this has been recognised as a potential source of infection for new-born calves. The detection methods used for diagnostic purposes are based on microscopic investigation of faecal smears. These methods have a fairly low sensitivity and samples from subclinically infected cattle have to be concentrated before analysis.

Lattelement AB in Ornskoldsvik is one of the leading companies in Sweden in composite elements in walls, floors and roofs in particular. The company supplies elements to buildings located with a wide geographical variation, which means that the products are subjected to very different climate with regard to snow, wind and humidity. This places high demands and requires the elements to withstand large variable loads.The elements are made of lightweight beams with flanges of structural timber and beam webs made of OSB. These are bound together by nogging pieces with the same kind of structure. On top of the beams a nailed and glued plywood is added to absorb compressive forces and on the underside of the element a sheet of steel is added for tensile absorption.These elements are then attached to the building framework in different ways depending on the particular element height, loads and the structual supporting material of the frame work.

A patient simulator for testing anaesthesia machines has been developed at Maquet Critical Care AB, to reduce costly and time-consuming experiments on animals. The device simulates human lungs regarding lung dynamics and volume, uptake of anaesthetic agents and the production of carbon dioxide, heat and moisture. Further demands on the simulator are durability and size; the device shall be compact enough to be moveable.The resulting simulator fulfils the requirements and enables better repeatability and ability to test extreme cases than experiments on animals do.Uptake of the anaesthetic agent is achieved in a active carbon filter and controlled by regulating the flow. The flow is created by a regenerative blower and controlled using a proportional valve. The uptake can be set by the user or by a simple uptake model modified to recursively handle changes in the concentration of anaesthetic agent.Carbon dioxide is fed into the system from a tank by a mass flow regulator.

Today's society is facing major challenges. In order to reduce the climate impact fossil fuels should be replaced with fuels that do not contribute to the greenhouse effect. The growing population generates organic waste originating from industry and households so called organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW). Through anaerobic digestion, waste can be utilized to produce energy-rich methane gas. In this way, waste can be a resource instead of a burden on society.

När de traditionella skrivbordsapplikationerna görs om till webbapplikationer, ställer det krav på JavaScript som används mer och mer för att få fram ett responsivt gränssnitt på webben. För att underlätta utvecklingen av JavaScriptapplikationer har ett antal funktionsbibliotek skapats. I vår studie undersöker vi därför vilket av de två populäraste JavaScriptbiblioteken idag, jQuery och Prototype, som presterar bäst i dagens mest använda webbläsare. Dessa tester har utförts i ett testramverk som vi själva utvecklat för att vara webbläsaroberoende och inte kräva något av de bibliotek vi testar. Testerna är uppdelade i fyra testfall som körs 20 gånger för att ge ett mer tillförlitligt resultat. Vi har testat hur varje bibliotek hanterar traversering och manipulation av DOM-trädet, sätter och hämtar stilar och attribut på element i DOM-trädet och hanterar event på element i DOM-trädet. Testerna visade att biblioteket Prototype presterade bättre på alla utom ett testfall i majoriteten av våra utvalda webbläsare; det enda testfallet där jQuery presterade bättre än Prototype var där DOM-trädet skulle manipuleras.

In Sweden more than 400 000 private households have not yet sufficient wastewater purification. These effluent is considered as an increasing problem and many onsite purification methods have been studied. In this investigation, the method of reactive bed filters have been tested by column and batch experiments. Five different kinds of filter materials with reactive surfaces have been studied concerning their capacity to absorb ammonium and phosphorus from wastewater. The materials that were examined are Filtra N, wollastonite Filtra P, blast furnace slag and Polonite®.

Utformning av grundkonstruktioner har fått relativt lite uppmärksamhet när det kommer till  passivhus. Fokus har legat på att stoppa värmeflödet genom resterande delar av klimatskalet vilket har lett till att grundkonstruktionen inte är speciellt granskad ur de perspektivet. Rapporten är begränsad till att behandla endast linjära köldbryggor eftersom en punktformig köldbrygga angriper konstruktionen i tre dimensioner, vilket försvårar arbetet avsevärt. Tidigare har man inte heller behövt redovisa storleken på köldbryggor, vilket idag är ett krav. Det finns olika bestämmelser beroende på om man väljer att följa de svenska eller internationella kraven.

Upphovsmannens ursprungsidé var att skriva ett stycke som skulle kombinera element från influenser inom pop/rock, jazz, västerländsk konstmusik, elektroakustisk musik och ljudkonst. En stilistisk balans var ett önskat resultat för att undvika polystilism och istället hitta ett tonspråk som tar tillvara på upphovsmannens olika influenser.Efter en konsert som genomfördes med hans egna material inom pop/rock, kom en insikt att det fanns, utöver det stilistiska, olika attityder till notation kopplat till musicerande mellan traditionerna afro och klassiskt.Ett experiment utfördes där notationssätt med olika styrningsgrad kunde jämföras. Den så kallade slashnotationen blev en grund för ytterligare notationsmässiga utforskningar i stycket som sedan skrevs.Den stilistiska problematiken i kombinationen av influenserna löstes genom styckets form. Tydlig tematik användes, med teman som hade stilistisk rörlighet. Styckets storform utgörs av en stegrande dynamisk utveckling, kopplat med en stilistisk vandring från konstmusik till mer afro-inspirerad musik.

The main purpose of this essay is to investigate if Latvia´s pattern of trade has become more similar to the mature market economies, after Latvia´s independence 1991.Today, the intra-industry trade (IIT) dominates the trade of mature market economies. One of the pioneers of intra-industrial trade is Paul Krugman, who was the first to emphasize the importance "of scale and consumers' desire for variety" in explaining the basis for modern commerce. Customers get more variety and usually cheaper goods when the market gets bigger. I mainly use the modern trade theories to explain the trade pattern in Latvia. To measure how Latvia has developed its intra-industry trade, and thereby is approaching the mature market economies´ trade pattern, I use the Grubel-Lloyd index (GL-index).

Background: Theoretical, it?s been questioned why dividends exists in companies based upon the fact that there is a separation between ownership and control. According to the agency theoretical perception, dividends is used as a manner to unify the interest of this separation, which in turn lower the agency cost, and increase the efficiency of companies.Purpose: The aim of this master thesis is to scrutinize and analyse the association between Swedish firms? owner structure and owner types and their inclination to dividend.Method: We attack the problem with a hypothetical-deductive research method by using the existence of a universal theory, the agency theory. From our theoretical framework we propose a set of hypotheses.

The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the fatigue life of two components in different hydraulic quick couplings. The crack which initiates the fatigue failure usually occurs in the bottom of one of the threads. Thus, the threads in the coupling are carefully investigated. A few different approaches for determining the fatigue life are studied for each component. CAD (Computer Aided Design) models for both components are created and analyzed with FEM (Finite Element Method).