This is a case study that explores the ways in which implemented university reforms have affected employees in the higher educational sector. Previous research within the research field has mainly focused on policy related consequences of the reforms. This is why a study that brings attention to the ways the reforms have affected employees is sorely needed.The aim with the study is to examine whether there is a discrepancy between formal changes and the ways the employees experience them. The study is based on interviews with 8 lecturers from two universities and the material is analyzed mainly through sociological neo-institutional theories, such as Richard Scott?s theory of the three pillars within an informal institution and Helmke and Levintskys theory of the relationship between formal and informal institutions.The results show that there is a discrepancy between the formal changes and the ways employees perceive them.

The idea with this study is to examine if there are a connection between how optimistic people are in relation to how stressed they feel. The result from the survey is based on materials from a questionnaire has been sent to fifty persons of varying age and sexes. The questionnaire has also been sent to students from Karlstad University but also to friends and acquaintances. The data is measured with SE- and LOT-tests. The issues concerned in which scope respondents experiences themselves stressed and optimistic and how the connection is between experienced stress and optimism in relation to results on the figure tests.

The aim with this literature review is to describe the ensilage process in a bunker silo. The process from harvest and chopping to filling and unloading the silo is explained. The sealing of the bunker silo plays an important role for the final quality of the silage. This review covers some of the techniques used. There are many silage additives on the market, some of them are presented including how they act in the ensilage process.

Previous research studies have shown that teacher?s attitude towards girls and boys rather reinforces, than counteracts behavior as stereotyped gender concepts. Order and discipline seem to be important parts of the daily routines in school context and to maintain discipline a constant communication and dealing with pupils are in order. The purpose of our examination aims to study how teachers respond to boys and girls in situations like creation of order. The analysis is based on observations of the interaction that takes place verbally and none verbally between pupils and their teachers in creation of order situations.

I arbetet görs ett försök att genom litteratur och elevintervjuer närma sig frågan om vilka förutsättningar för lärande som simuleringar i geografi erbjuder och vilka lärandeteorier som då blir relevanta. Intervjuer har därför gjorts med elever efter att de genomfört ett för undersökningen utvalt simuleringsspel. I arbetet ställs också frågan om hur elever uppfattar simuleringen som didaktiskt verktyg och ett antal svarskategorier struktureras. Slutsatserna är att lärandet i simuleringar i första hand tycks vara beroende av den egna praktiska erfarenheten, den sociala interaktionen mellan deltagarna och den emotionella laddningen. Elevernas uppfattningar av lärandeformen stödjer dessa kvalitéer, men tillfogade också betydelsen av variation i undervisningen och det inneboende spelrummets betydelse för kreativiteten..

Guazuigua is a small village in Bolivia, which has had too small water resources, especially for irrigation. A project started after some studies were made, to create a canal to provide the village with water from a nearby town. To make the canal work it had to cross a dried out river. There have been several attempts to cross these dried out rivers, but with poor results. The purpose of the report is to provide a solution for this problem.

AbstractThe project "Sound and Play" have been implemented in collaboration with the toy company BRIO in Malmo. The purpose of the project was to examine whether and how BRIO in the future could develop toys around sound for Toddlers.The problem formulations that would be answered after completion of the project was "How could BRIO broaden its product range with the help of audio toys?", "How can you combine toys and sounds in an interesting way for children?", "How do you create a toy with sound that is fun for the child, but not annoying for parents?". Currently BRIO only has two toys with sound in this age group.The expression of the toy was going to be a mix of classic and cool and the overall feeling of the toy was going to be explorative and arouse curiosity in the child. This feeling would be communicated through simplicity and joy.

The tablet is a new IT-tool which have started to get introduced into school, but research is still missing and especially in the pre-school environment. The purpose with this study is to investigate teachers uptake, how they use the tablet in everyday pedagogy work as well as the organizational conditions that that facilitate and hinders. Through my observations and interviews in a Swedish K-5 school I have found that the teachers find tablets more appealing to use in comparison to computers. These findings are partly supported by Davis et al.?s (1989) TAM-theory who considers there to be three types of aspects that affect the way individuals adapt to technology.

Följande studie syftar till att undersöka hur industriföretag på den värmländska glesbygden uppfattar pedagogikämnet vid Karlstads universitet. Studien har en tydlig inriktning mot arbetslivspedagogik, och det är framförallt arbetspedagogiska teorier som utgör studiens teoretiska grund.Studien bygger på intervjuer med representanter från fem värmländska industriföretag.Dessa intervjuer har sedan analyserats med avseende på respondenternas berättelser och de uttalande som kan kopplas till ämnet pedagogik, vilket är brukligt vid användandet av narrativ metod och analys.Resultatet visar att de värmländska industriföretagen har behov av pedagogisk kunskap, men att de föredrar att anlita konsulter framför att ha någon anställd som arbetar med dessa frågor..

Följande studie syftar till att undersöka hur industriföretag på den värmländska glesbygden uppfattar pedagogikämnet vid Karlstads universitet. Studien har en tydlig inriktning mot arbetslivspedagogik, och det är framförallt arbetspedagogiska teorier som utgör studiens teoretiska grund.Studien bygger på intervjuer med representanter från fem värmländska industriföretag.Dessa intervjuer har sedan analyserats med avseende på respondenternas berättelser och de uttalande som kan kopplas till ämnet pedagogik, vilket är brukligt vid användandet av narrativ metod och analys.Resultatet visar att de värmländska industriföretagen har behov av pedagogisk kunskap, men att de föredrar att anlita konsulter framför att ha någon anställd som arbetar med dessa frågor..

This literature review summarizes available data on infection with the parasitic roundworm, Ascaridia galli, as a cause of disease in poultry, including the consequences of a conversion to alternative production systems. Ascaridia galli has a direct life cycle with resistant eggs that survive and are easily spread in the environment, especially in systems with bedding materials where the faecal contact is high. The infection is usually subclinical but depending on the infection dose, the symptoms range from weight loss and diarrhea to mortality. Factors such as the feed composition and genetic variation among different hybrids clearly affect the establishment rate of the infection. Ascaridia galli will probably become an increasing problem, with a shift from the traditional battery cages to alternative systems where the risk of re-infection is high.

The aim of this essay is trying to understand the ideological changing process over the last decades and the ideological meaning of the relatively new conception lifelong learning as well, and how it comes that the opportunities offered the individual pre-school child and the individual compulsory-school pupil to assimilate the so important learning, differs so dramatically all though the expressed ambition to offer each and every one equal opportunities. What are the ideological structures that are, and have been in function, that carries and have carried the perceptions of the use and value of fostering and education?In a time with the welfare ideology in a hegemonic position, it was seen important that the state took major responsibility for the education of the citizens. In our time, it appears, an economist ideology has taken the hegemonic position, and education is becoming an increasingly economic issue, and equality is decreasing along with, as in general society, the increasing of segregation within the educational system..

The competition for the beach promenade in Helsingborg was announced in 2001 and was arranged by the city of Helsingborg. My contribution to the competition represents the main part of my thesis in the Landscape Architecture Programme. The competition entry is based on the concept of crossing screens of vertical elements which connect the pattern and structure of the city to the beach and the water. The different materials and designs of the screens relate to the various characters of the different parts of the area and they form a sequence and uniting theme along the beach. In addition to the competition entry which was made in 2001, the thesis contains a second part, made in the spring of 2006. It consists of an Introduction with the competition programme and a description of the starting points, a part called Method where the process is described, and the Conclusion with reflections on the competition entry and the process where I also introduce and comment on some other projects which in different ways have are connected to my concept. .

The purpose of this paper is to examine how teachers choose to work with the teaching of reading and writing skills, how teachers justify their choice of teaching method and how the documentation of student development is being used. This paper also discusses the definition of reading and writing, phonological awareness and how different reading- and writing educational methods can be combined. The gathering of information has been done through a literature review in which I have looked at past research on reading and writing. I have also conducted qualitative interviews with teachers involved in literacy learning. The result of my research shows that it is not possible to determine which literacy learning methods that are most effective.

This study is based on 26 essays about A Good Book, written by as many participants inSwedish classes in secondary education for adults. The object is to analyse the students'views on fiction and reading: What books they prefer, but also why and how they read.Objectivity and subjectivity in literary criticism is also discussed.Most favoured author both among men and women is Stephen King. The majority of thebooks mentioned are translated from English. The women also read historical and psychological novels while the men prefer fantasy. The question whether a book is goodor not is in the students' opinion only a matter of taste.