Researchers, planners, and government agencies agree that road safety for children must be a priority and in particular that children should have a safe and secure way to travel to and from school regardless of age or the distance travelled. In Sweden, child traffic safety is a key part of the country?s Nollvision, a long-term traffic policy goal of ?no deaths or serious injuries?. Unfortunately, many countries have recorded increases in child traffic accidents as the percentage of parents who drive their children to school and thus congestion around schools has increased. Common strategies include traffic safety education for children, the redesign and improvement of traffic infrastructure, bicycle training, and carpooling.This thesis assesses the traffic problem around Ludvigsberg School in the district Valbo in Gävle, Sweden.

Bakgrund:Fysisk inaktivitet orsakar ohälsa och sjukdom i dagens samhälle. I Sverige introducerades, år 2001, fysisk aktivitet på recept (FaR) som en metod för att öka den fysiska aktiviteten bland befolkningen. Att undersöka hur distriktssköterskan uppfattar FaR är värdefullt eftersom det är en metod som distriktssköterskan kan använda i det hälsofrämjande arbetet. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att beskriva distriktssköterskors uppfattningar om fysisk aktivitet på recept (FaR). Metod: Semistrukturerade intervjuer med 18 distriktssköterskor genomfördes.

We travel more nowadays. The increasing travel rate generates greenhouse gases which in the long run cause an increasing number of natural disasters over the world. Car traffic is a major contributor to this development. Out-of-town shopping centres have historically good accessibility for car traffic. This study aims to look into what are the factors that influence the choice of transport mode for dwellers in the outskirts of a town when going to out-of-town shopping centres.

This thesis has identified and studied measures to allow for reduced use of electricity in a waste incineration plant in western Sweden. The energy extracted from the waste at the powerplant is utilized and sold in form of electricity and heat. Technical and environmentally the combined heat and power plant is by today's standards among the leading waste incineration plants in the world. The owners are constantly striving to improve the efficiency of the waste incineration plant. They have seen the opportunities for savings in reducing internal usage of electricity.

Bakgrund: Hypertoni är ett av de stora folkhälsoproblemen i Sverige idag. Grunden i behandlingen är fysisk aktivitet. 2001 infördes Fysisk aktivitet på Recept (FaR) som metod för att minska fysisk inaktivitet. Distriktssköterskor inom primärvården är de som förväntas ta en stor del av ansvaret i det preventiva och hälsofrämjande arbetet. Det är ofta de som möter patienterna med hypertoni för uppföljning av blodtrycket.

AbstractSeveral of researchers have reflected that the school ought to be developed to a learning organization. A method as proceed from such a perspective and should be able to match a local child- and educations administration is problembased school development. To investigate in which ways a child- and educations administration prosecute a problem based learning inside the organization a case study was used as research strategy. The question this report gives answer to is:In what/which way works a child- and educations administration in a rural district with a method to fulfil a problembased learning.To collect empiric data a canvassing inquiry was accomplished among the child- and educations administrations group of management. According to the research result it can declares that there are good conditions for the organization to prosecute problem based school development, but there is yet a great deal to do before it´s can be said totally fulfilled.

Integration is a concept that is very topical in today's multicultural-cultural society. Integration means that everyone should have the same rights, opportunities and obligations to society, regardless of extraction. What counteract integration is segregation, which implies a distinction between different groups and where there exist an inequality between them. Segregation is widespread in Sweden today and the exclusion that it creates needs to be broken. The aim of this paper is to examine if it is possible to promote integra-tion through physical planning.

Acquiring a former station building can mean that the property owners must familiarize themselves with a lot of planning and building regulations. After the new Planning and Building Act code into force in 2011, the responsibility lie on the developer to ensure laws and regulations. Based on the regulatory framework that is available occurs sometimes balance issues, between care requirements and building codes. The station building in Ormaryd was acquired in 2009 by two individuals who intended to accommodate office and retail space in the building. In doing so a new local plan of the area was established, including regulations on how the building could be used. By including road safety and noise, the risk was not considered appropriate to use the station building for housing.

Syftet med studien var att beskriva nyutbildade distriktssköterskors upplevelse av första tiden i yrket. Studien genomfördes som en semistrukturerad intervjustudie och hade en deskriptiv design. Intervjuerna genomfördes med tio nyutbildade distriktssköterskor inom primärvården i ett län i Mellansverige. Materialet analyserades med hjälp av kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultatet redovisas utifrån tre kategorier: Utbildningen förbereder för yrkesrollen men det mesta lärs genom att utöva yrket, Inställning och tidigare erfarenhet påverkar upplevelsen av att vara nybliven distriktssköterska och Viktigt med praktiska förutsättningar för att lära sig yrket.

Energy efficiency is important both to reduce costs and to reduce greenhouse gas in the atmosphere. In Sweden 40 percent of the energy consumption is related to the buildings sector. Hospitals are complex buildings with different activities in the same building, which requires flexible technical systems for ventilation, heating and lightning. A quarter of the total energy consumption in Swedish hospitals is related to user activities in the hospitals. Therefore it is not only important to work with operational optimization but also to change user activities, to reduce energy consumption.The objective of this thesis was to examine the user-related energy efficiency work at two care units, at the central hospital in Sundsvall within Västernorrlands County.

With increasing energy prices and increased focus on the environment we saw the need for companies to get control over their energy use and their emission of carbon dioxid. An analysis tool that integrates both these areas is, with our knowledge, not available on the market today. Therefore, our project became to develop such a tool.By doing this degree project we would like to clarify that energy consumption and environmental impact are integrated. The less energy consumed by today?s society the smaller the environmental impact will be.

Food waste from grocery stores - An analysis of municipal management inSweden and a detailed study of the situation in Umeå municipalityThe objective of this thesis was to analyze the municipal management of food waste fromgrocery stores in Sweden in general and in Umeå municipality in particular. Furthermore theobjective was to account for the different waste treatment methods that can be used and toevaluate them from an environmental perspective. In order to analyze the municipalmanagement a survey was sent to all of the municipalities/municipal waste companies inSweden. A general comparison of treatment methods was carried out on the basis of ascientific review and a system analysis was performed in order to compare three differenttreatment alternatives for the food waste generated in grocery stores in Umeå. The surveyshowed that the legal definition of food waste from grocery stores is unclear and variesbetween municipalities.

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to describe and compare the degree of selfreporting succession to the basal hygienic routines of emplyees working in municipal old peoples care versus hospital care. It is also to describe the access of material available in prevention of cross infections. The study was also carried out with a comparative and quantitative run up design. The study is based on a questionnaire in the district of Gävleborg in the spring of 2009. Nurses, auxiliaries and carers whom were in close contact with patients were asked to join the study.

Bakgrund: Den medicinska och ekonomiska kostnaden för hjärt- kärlsjukdomar är idagmycket omfattande. Största delen av dessa sjukdomar liksom andra kroniska, ickesmittsamma sjukdomar som cancer, lungsjukdom och diabetes, hör ihop med påverkbara,livsstilsrelaterade riskfaktorer. Genom att göra hälsosamma val när det gäller mat, rökning,alkohol och motion kan livsstilssjukdomar förhindras eller fördröjas. Livsstilsfrågor är enav distriktssköterskans huvuduppgifter och efter vårdvalet är det få distriktssköterskor somverkligen får arbeta med detta. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att beskriva hurdistriktssköterskan arbetar med sjukdomsförebyggande metoder inom primärvården.Metod: Studien är baserad på en kvalitativ metod med en induktiv ansats.

AbstractSeveral of researchers have reflected that the school ought to be developed to a learning organization. A method as proceed from such a perspective and should be able to match a local child- and educations administration is problembased school development. To investigate in which ways a child- and educations administration prosecute a problem based learning inside the organization a case study was used as research strategy. The question this report gives answer to is:In what/which way works a child- and educations administration in a rural district with a method to fulfil a problembased learning.To collect empiric data a canvassing inquiry was accomplished among the child- and educations administrations group of management. According to the research result it can declares that there are good conditions for the organization to prosecute problem based school development, but there is yet a great deal to do before it´s can be said totally fulfilled.