C-essay in political science by Anna Höjenberg and Maria Stenberg, spring of 2006?The Grey Zone ? An essay on the characteristics of a hybrid regime and a case study of Russia?. Supervisors: Joakim Ekman and Jonas LindeThis essay deals with the concept of hybrid regimes. The purpose is to describe the structure and the content of such a regime-type and try to create a model which can help us to analyse different countries. The essay is divided into two sections.

Earlier research has shown that young and adult citizens in Europe participate in politics in different ways. While adult citizens participate in more traditional ways, non-traditional ways are more frequent among younger citizens. Moreover, issue-based participation increases when Europeans turn away from mainstream politics. Citizens in the European Union EU-15 between 15-24 ages are likely to be ?critical? citizens of a working democracy compared to people in older ages (Sloam, 2016).

Syftet med uppsatsen/examensarbetet är att undersöka och beskriva hur pedagoger i förskolan tänker om och arbetar med läroplanens mål och riktlinjer gällande demokrati och barns inflytande. Frågeställningar: Hur förbereder förskollärare barn för de rättigheter och skyldigheter som gäller i ett demokratiskt samhälle? Finns det svårigheter/hinder när det gäller barns möjligheter till delaktighet och inflytande? I vilka sammanhang ges barn möjlighet till inflytande och delaktighet? Kan man se någon skillnad, gällande demokrati, mellan en förskola med profilering mot Reggio Emilia och förskolor med annan profilering? Metod: En kvalitativ undersökning med intervjuer på tre förskolor. Totalt har fem förskollärare medverkat. Resultat: Samtliga pedagoger poängterade att det var viktigt att man började med den demokratiska fostran i förskolan, det är där man formar barnen och lägger grunden för det livslånga lärandet. Vår undersökning visade att barnen till viss del hade möjlighet till inflytande och delaktighet när det gällde beslut inom de ramar som förskollärarna satt upp..

The purpose of this thesis is to compare mass digitization and qualitative digitization, to see how the digitization process and the digitalized material differ. The study emanates from the mass digitization as it is performed at the National Library in Norway, and the qualitative digitization at the Royal Library in Sweden. The method used is document studies combined with mail interviews. The focus is upon the practical operation, to which counts: ?purpose & selection?, ?preparation, image capturing and processing?, ?metadata & text encoding?, ?quality assessment?, ?storage of digital originals and copies? and ?display?.

The aim of this bachelor thesis is to through a theoretical analyze, investigate the conditions and the challenges for a consolidated democracy in Egypt from 1952 until after the revolution of 2011. The central question in this thesis is what opportunities and challenges are there for the democratic consolidation in Egypt, with respect to civic, political and economic conditions. How have the conditions developed between 1952 and 2011? How has the transition government/military government handled the central problems in the transitions phase after 2011? The theory used in this analysis is Linz and Stepans famous five arenas (the political society, the economic society, the civil society, the bureaucracy and the state of rule, whit focus on the three first). Through a qualitative case study we have analyzed the conditions in Egypt from 1952 to after the revolution 2011.The empirical material shows that the arenas in Egypt are both historically and current very weak, and they are not supporting democratic consolidation as they are challenged by several enormous problems.

                    AbstractTitle:  Irakkriget 030320 ? en komparativ studie av svensk och amerikansknyhetsrapportering. (Iraq war 030320 ? a Comparative Study of Swedish and AmericanNewsreport) Author:  Catherine Lundahl Tutor:  Christian Christensen Course:  Media and Communication C ? Bachelor Thesis University:  Uppsala Universitet Keywords:  Iraq war, framing, war journalism, propaganda, Swedish press, American press,democracy, totalitarianism, president Bush, president Hussein, the UN, victims.  AimThe purpose with this essay is to compare the Swedish and American press during the 2003Iraq war newsreport. Focus is put on the framework of news each country presents.Material/MethodologyThe essay represent a selection of articles during the week before the invasion 030313-030320which delimited to a material of 20 newsarticles from each country.

This study concerns digital stories told by five young Romani students and one teacher from Roma Culture Class in Stockholm, Sweden. The theoretical framework draws from theories concerning identity, culture,Romanipe, the Romani value system and social semiotics. The material for the study is the digital stories that were analyzed qualitatively. The results show that the young Roma in the study demonstrate pride in their Romani background and culture, but also signs of changes and development in their culture. Some of the participants do not show external signs of Romani traditions, for example in the ways of dressing.

The intention of this essay has been to investigate how the new digital technology has affected the tourism industry and marketing, as well as how travel agents and tour operators adapt to this. We also aimed to get a broader view of how the future might look like when it comes to marketing and virtual service landscapes. We decided to base our research according to these following four questions:? What affect travel agents? way of adoption to the technical development?? What purposes do the travel agents have for building up their virtual service landscape?? How much does the travel agents emphasize on digital marketing?? What can travel agents do to better adapt to the technological development in the future?We have chosen to use a qualitative research for this essay. The reason for choosing a qualitative research was to gain a wider understanding that would represent a big part of the changes of technology development.

The purpose of this study is to examine to what extent the senior level Swedish school can be viewed as supporting, or counteracting, a colonial discourse that legitimizes global and national injustices. The study is executed through a discourse analysis of five textbooks in social science for senior level Swedish schools.Using elements from Foucault and Edward Said a theoretical framework is constructed, in which a colonial discourse is perceived as structured around four clusters of ideas, namely (i) the use of dichotomies, (ii) the concept of progress and civilization, (iii) the construction of -we- as synonymous with (ii), and (iv) the construction of -the others- as the opposite of (ii) and, therefore, the opposite of -us-.The results show that a colonial discourse is still highly present in the textbooks, in that the texts are structured around dichotomies such as tradition/modernity and democracy/dictatorship. Sweden and the Western world are perceived as closely associated with democracy, freedom, and modernity, whereas -the others- of the world are being associated with e.g. poverty, conflict, tradition, and ignorance. -The others- within Sweden, i.e.

On-call work has increased substantially in the past 20 years in Sweden, not least in the public sector and most notably in health and social care. This thesis argues that the increase has considerable influence on the prospects of on-call workers in the public services to act as guardians of democracy. Based on theories of Lennart Lundquist, the results of this study show that on-call workers suffers from inferior opportunities to act as democratic guardians in particularly two matters. First; they have fewer prospects than standard employees of professionalism due to lack of education and capacitation. Second; on-call workers have inferior opportunities to protest against wrongs, due to no real formalized possibilities to inform and due to transactional psychological contracts.

Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka hur lärare förhåller sig till digitala texter och digitala verktyg. Litteraturgenomgången består av forskning som berör digitala texter, digitala verktyg, mediers betydelse för barns lärande och hur lärare förhåller sig till dessa. En teoretisk utgångspunkt är det sociokulturella perspektivet på lärande med centrala begrepp som literacypraktiker, multimodalitet, medieekologi och progressivism. Vår undersökning bygger på kvalitativa intervjuer med åtta lärare och hur de förhåller sig till digitala texter och digitala verktyg, utifrån frågor som berör arbetssätt, möjligheter/hinder och påverkan från skolans styrdokument. I resultatet synliggörs fem olika förhållningssätt till digitala texter och digitala verktyg; digitala texter och digitala verktyg skapar både möjligheter och hinder, digitala texter och digitala verktyg ger stöd, digitala texter och digitala verktyg öppnar fönster till elevers fritidsvärldar, traditionella skriv- och läspraktiker som normerande syn på digitala texter och digitala verktyg samt Lgr 11 har inte förändrat något.

The activity of interest groups in the political process of the European Union has given rise to a broad debate concerning the effect on European democracy these groups have. As relatively powerful political actors, the question of these groups? views on the EU and how the union should be is an important one. The status of these groups owns democratic representation also affects the democratic status of the EU. Being based on a number of theories, this study adopts an ideology analysis for the purpose of testing these theories on two cases ? the Swedish environmental organizations World Wide Fund for Nature and The Swedish Society for Nature Conservation.

This thesis is a study of Parties as an outflow of societal changes where the aim has been to find out how parties are affected by societal changes and how they justify to new party formation. This is done by using a theory called Parties as an outflow of societal changes which is a theory developed by Swedish researchers in Political Science. To confirm the theory it is necessary to do an argumentation analysis of one external developed party?s electoral program. In this case the party selected is Feminist Initiative which brings a different view on how the society of Sweden should look like.Selected parts of the argumentative analysis will be examined with the purpose to give a perspective on how Feminist Initiative values the changes in society and how they describe their role as a new party.The main question of this study is; Are new parties an outflow of societal changes? The basic arguments includes that along with societal changes in Western Europe also changes the view of a representative democracy in which political parties play a central role.

This essay examines the narrative aspect of interactive fiction. The study uses Janet H. Murrays analysis of the digital environment and the properties of it as procedural, participatory, spatial and encyclopedic. From this, her three characteristic pleasures in digital narratives - immersion, agency and transformation - are examined from the perspective of interactive fiction. The study also examines Nick Montforts analysis of interactive fiction as a potential narrative and a simulated world or environment.

The breakdown of the ratification process of the EU constitution was in Sweden blamed on a lack of a debate concerning European issues. The constitution can be seen as the best and latest, but in no way the only, example of this problem. The breakdown can also been seen as proof of a larger legitimacy crises within the EU. The aim of the study is to determine whether or not there really was of lack of debate concerning the constitution in Sweden. This question is theoretic¬ally connected to EU legitimacy through Habermas idea of a public sphere.