The purpose of this study is to investigate the reading methods that pedagogues, active in classes 1-3, use in the first stage of learning to read and how they consider their own choices of methods. In the theoretical background I sort out the basic differences between synthetic and analytic methods of acquiring the skills of reading. The analytic reading method means that the skills of reading starts with the complete text in order to later analyze the parts of the text. The synthetic method approach is based on a reading method where the parts are linked as a whole. The two methods are considered antipodes but can also be looked upon as complements in the current governing documents.

It has become increasingly common for a city or region to use sporting and media events to promote themselves. But what is behind these events? What kind of organisation is necessary to plan and run them? In the summer of 2009 the internationally known Volvo Ocean Race will arrive in Stockholm. The race is eight months long and will be hosted in Stockholm for almost the whole of June. The City of Stockholm is behind the event and Stockholm?s marinas will be responsible for making sure that everything runs smoothly and on schedule.

Social media has become an important marketing and communication tool worldwide, mostly through the largest social platforms Facebook and Twitter. With two-way communication via Internet companies has gotten the opportunity to interact and communicate directly with their customers. Facebook has been the focus point through the study because it has shown to be the most efficient and frequently used platform for communication. Our study aimed to confirm how communication via social media actually looks like. To be able to reach the best results, we have conducted the study from a phenomenological approach, which means; usage of qualitative semi-structured interviews to reflect the respondents experience on the phenomenon social media as a communication tool. Social media has shown to be a great way of communicating externally for companies who are willing to spend time engaging in the platform.

Objective: Our purpose with this study is to demonstrate the impact of natural disasters on banks' share prices.Method: Quantitative survey method, an event study.Conclusion: There is no association or a very weak correlation in this study between natural disasters and the Swedish banks' share prices..

Transfer pricing innebär i grund och botten att den vinst som företagsgrupper får ska fördelas på ett korrekt sätt mellan deländer där gruppen har aktörer.Armlängdsprincipen är den internationellt accepterade tillvägagångssättet att fastställa priser när närstående företag handlar medvarandra. Principen innebär att företagen ska handla med varandra precis som om de vore oberoende företag, påarmlängdsavstånd.Immateriella tillgångar har en rad egenskaper som gör dem speciellt svårvärderade ur armlängdsperspektiv. Marknadsvärdetbehöver inte vara samma som värdet för ägaren. I regel finns det heller inga transaktioner som innefattar immateriella tillgångarvilket gör det svårt att få en lämplig armlängdsvärdering med hjälp av de tre traditionella metoderna.De två vinstbaserade metoderna (Profit Split Method och Transactional Net Margin Method) är de mest lämpliga för atttillgodose armlängdsprincipen. Profit Split Method:s kanske största fördel är att man för att använda metoden inte behöver hajämförbara transaktioner till hands.

Svensk Växtkraft is the owner of the biogas plant in Västerås. The company is planning to increase their treatment capacity at their biogas plant. In connection to this work it is also possible to make some energy saving changes to the biogas plant. The objective of this study was therefore to make an electricity and heat survey of the biogas plant, a detailed study of the heat consumption in the sanitation step and also a comparison of energy consumption with the present sanitation method and an alternative strategy where the waste is treated in 55 °C during 10 hours (the current method is heating to 70 °C during 1 hour). The energy survey was conducted in close collaboration with staff at the biogas plant. The current during normal operation was measured, power was calculated and multiplied by the time of usage to obtain the energy consumed.

Today, the catering personnel are an essential part of the safety organization on board Swedish passenger vessels in ferry services. Their responsibilities for the safety on board have increased in connection with the changes in regulations made on the shipping industry. These changes have been mostly related to human factors and structural leadership in the last 25 years.A well-functioning safety organization requires competence and commitment from every individual. Previous researches on Swedish passenger ferries concerning the safety organization have raised issues regarding the catering personnel?s perception of the safety on board.

The purpose of this study was to describe and analyze youth community service in the Kalmar municipality. Our focus was on juvenile offenders and predecessor of public authorities. The juvenile offenders in our study have completed youth community service. A qualitative study was undertaken which include seven interviews. Our empirical data were compared and analyzed with previous research data.

The essay deals with the patterns of storytelling in Selma Lagerlöfs novel "Körkarlen". The focus is on the relationship between idea and form. Selma Lagerlöf tries to show how the drinker David Holm comes to insight about his own shortcomings and faults without knowing that he is in fact educated by his old friend. The author of this essay tries to show that Selma Lagerlöf use the same method in relation to the reader of the novel. Selma Lagerlöf wants to enlighten the reader without actually preaching.

The DISA method is a universal program developed for teenage girls to prevent depression. The program includes cognitive behavioral techniques are suppose to change negative pattern of thinking, give practice of communication, strategies of problem solution and exercises to strengthen the social network. The purpose of this study is to find out how a group of teenage boys were affected by the DISA program and what factors that may have impacted the outcome. Material from three different studies have been used, a quantitative study in terms of data from self-assessment form CES-D, materials from two semi-structured focus group interviews with the boys and material from a questionnaire filled out by the boys on two occasions during the DISA method. The result of the CES-D indicates that the boys had less depressive symptoms after the final group meeting compared to the first group meeting and also a year later. Analysis of the material from focus group interviews and questionnaire have been made from a communication theory and systems theory perspective and indicate a shift to greater cohesion in the group and demonstrates that communication between the boy-group and group leaders had importance for the outcome.

In Northen Bungoma, Western province ? Kenya, the Vi-Agroforestry Project (VI-AFP) has introduced a new project that covers 7000 households. To succeed with the project, a water resources protection project, agroforestry methods will be implemented to secure the water quality of the area. In this thesis a foundation is laid for future follow-up studies of land cover and land use of this area. To carry out this study an existing method from a cooperation between VIAFP and Dalarnas University (HDa) has been implemented.

Fetma och övervikt är ett stort samhällsproblem, dåförhållanden under uppväxtåren är avgörande för framtida livsstilsvanor. Därförses de som den främsta och viktigaste målgruppen för folkhälsoinsatser.Dennastudie syftar till att undersöka coachers berättelser om uppfattningar kringvad samtal för att förebygga uppkomsten av övervikt och fetma innebär.Uppsatsenbygger på en kvalitativ ansats med inspiration av berättelseforskning. Intervjuär den metod som har använts. Totalt har tre personer som arbetar som coacherinom en interventionell forskningsstudie deltagit.Resultatetvisade att utan tidigare erfarenhet inom området uppfattas mångasvårigheter i att hålla samtal som coach. Att arbeta som erfaren coach innebäratt man uppfattar studiens deltagare som mer motiverade, medvetna, kapabla tillförändring samt ser empati som väldigt betydelsefullt för samtalen ochhoppfullt på studiens effekt.

Background: The way in which corporate managers interpret, reason and evaluate uncertainties and constant changes, and how they take advantage of their experiences and wisdom can make a big difference for the long term survival of their companies. The requirements for efficiency and flexibility have increased in many ways, especially concerning the workforce needed and its degree of competency. In Sweden, employee recruiting industry has grown concurrently with the changes in the Swedish economy. Purpose: The purpose is to better understand the recruiting industry by performing a theoretical evaluation from a cognitive perspective. Delimitation: We intended to study the cognitive characteristics of the Swedish recruitment industry.

The purpose of this study was to examine the use of manipulative materials in mathematics education with the main focus on grades 4 to 6. With the use of a phenomenological approach all the aspects of this phenomenon was examined. Qualitative interviews, participant observations and comparative content analysis of textbooks has been conducted to investigate the use of manipulative materials in mathematics education. The results indicates that the teachers that were interviewed possesses good knowledge of this teaching method. However these teachers struggled to find time to put this method into practice and there was not enough teachers to attend these classes.

AbstractThe thesis investigates how the European Union promotes stability and security in the Mediterranean region. The aim is to analyse the European Union?s security ambitions with Euro-Mediterranean Partnership, the Barcelona Process. An analytical framework with five sectors (military, political, economic, environmental and societal), based on the Copenhagen School?s theories about security sectors and securitization, is used for the analysis.