Utomhusbelysning i staden berör många. Det är en angelägenhet för stadens invånare, fastighetsägare och politiker för att bara nämna några. Idag arbetar människor under dygnets alla timmar och fler vistas utomhus kvälls- och nattetid. Det ställer krav på belysningen, eftersom människor måste kunna ta del av staden även när det är mörkt. Det här kandidatarbetet syftar till att ge en inblick i vad god utomhusbelysning kan tillföra ett gaturum och hur ljus kan användas.

Throughout the history, the theories which have shaped our cities have varied from time to time. We have gone from a city development characterized by spontaneousness, where commerce and people side by side shared the space, into a function-based planning where people and functions are being increasingly separated. Regardless the forms of planning the city design causes implications for those who live there when the physical environment controls were we live, work and meet. In today's society where `sustainability ' has become a watchword the current community planning needs to be questioned so we, in the best possible way, can meet future changes. Searching for new planning strategies is part of this and in this essay the term `mixed-use´ will be investigated and analyzed in terms of its social aspects.

This thesis has been carried out at the Department of Urban and Rural Development at SLU Ultuna during the spring semester 2009. The topic of the paper is how energy consumption can be influenced through design and if the conditions for good design decreases when solutions based on energy efficiency are used. The report is divided into one literature study and one part where energy efficient solutions are used in a design. The thesis work has its origin in a project called "Energihus i Uppsala." The planned building will be a center for energy research in Uppsala. The project aims to demonstrate to the public what is currently happening in research related to energy.

A current issue today is to try to implement creative design as a way to solve wicked problems in scientific contexts such as HCI. Since the problems are wicked, they have no given solution which makes the traditional methods inadequate. In these cases, creative design can be an alternative. Creative design is not used in scientific contexts because it is viewed as something unaccountable.In this essay we argue that creative design not necessarily have to be unaccounted. We discuss various views of creative design and translate theory to a practical context.

People who live in northern part of the world spend much more time indoors than those who live in warmer countries. In addition that home should be safe, it should also protect one against heat, cold, sunlight and pollution. The indoor environment is affected by installations, material and how the building is formed. Those anomalies that are visible, felt or smelled can be noticed and be rectified. But it?s much more difficult if these abilities are missing.

AbstractWork to develop the Eurocodes started in 1975 by the European Commission adopted a program to eliminate trade barriers within the construction area. The goal was to create common European design standards that would replace the member countries' own rules. Eurocodes will replace The National Board of Housing Building and Planning, National Rail, The National Road Administration and other agencies' calculation rules for the buildings structures. The transition to the use of Eurocodes looks like this:Eurocodes set to Swedish standards  between 2002 ? 2007They can be used parallel with national standards 2006 - 2009 The total transition is at the end of 2010/2011.Right now is going on a lot of work for replacement of the existing standards to Eurocodes.  The transition to the new calculations` standards, many construction companies and consulting firms facing a big changes and competitions.

The purpose of this essay is to study how the local creators of a "master plan" for the swedish city Kristinehamn, the years between 1940 to -43, looked on their planning. It is an analysis of ideas case study. A hypothesis is upheld for the research: that the local physical planning had largely extended ambitions what regards central state control in a way that is similar to planned economy. Questions that are asked include: Was the planning assumed to be a tool for the state to regulate the environment? Can the planning be seen as a mean to control the society in time and space? The essay search for verification of the hypothesis by a theoretical analysis apparatus made upp of ideal types.

Kandidatarbetet behandlar den fysiska miljön på Södertorg i Kristianstad, beläget i nordöstra Skåne. Södertorg är ett gammalt kasernområde som 2006 fick ett ansiktslyft då innanmätet på en av byggnaderna ritades om samtidigt som torgytan fick ett nytt utseende och öppnades upp för allmänheten. Tanken var att skapa ett nytt, modernt torg, Kristianstads tredje torg, som skulle komplettera Stora- och Lilla torg. Södertorg är en del av kvarteret Södra Kasern och består i dagsläget av två huvudbyggnader, sammanlänkade i söder med hjälp av en tredje, lägre, byggnad. Tillsammans bildar de tre byggnaderna arkitektoniska väggar till den 3000m2 stora torgytan som idag är nästintill oanvänd. Det är alltså torget tillsammans med de tre byggnaderna som utgör Södertorg. Butik efter butik har med åren omlokaliserat eller gått i konkurs vilket har lett till att Södertorg idag inackorderar Länsstyrelsen, Arbetsförmedlingen, bank, frisörsalong, café och någon enstaka butik. Uppsatsen identifierar de faktorer som påverkat och bidragit till Södertorgs negativa utveckling; butiksutbud, avsaknad av aktiviteter, utformning av torgytan, parkeringsmöjligheter, läget i stadskärnan samt områdets anonymitet.

This paper deals with the difficulties of applying user-centered design practices as an independent developer, based on the visualization of a game concept in the form of a prototype. The aim is to evaluate the usability of user-centered design practices, specifically in the field of games development. Throughout this paper, I will give an account of the methods used for testing, as well as a review of previous research done in this field of study. Finally, I will end with a discussion regarding the pros and cons of user-centered design, as well as some thoughts about its importance in similar projects..

Title Becoming involved in the planning process - from the construction workers perspective.University/Institution Halmstad UniversityKeywordsEmpowerment through participation, construction workers involvement in decision making in the planning process, knowledge management and communication in the planning process, partnering, human resource managementAimThe aim of this bachelor thesis is to provide knowledge and examine how construction workers perceive involvement in the planning process of partnering projects, what they can contribute and what they get out of the planning process.Methodology The study was conducted with a qualitative approach in the form of semi-structured interviews.          The interview studie consist of 10 interviews with construction workers who are specially educated in participating in the planning process at the company ByggDialog AB.ConclusionAll respondents are positive to be involved in the planning process. The main advantages they can see is that they are able to influence technical solutions and methods that will be used later on in the production. Therefore it is important to consider when construction workers should be involved in the planning process so that they get the chance to influence in this decisions.When it comes to the decision making the construction workers should be involved in the decisions that are related to their tasks in the production such as technical solutions, choice of methods and materials. Their main duties and working hours should be in the production.Involvement in planning does not automatically mean that the construction workers are involved in the decision making, it is up to them how much they participate.

Det här är resultatet av kandidatarbetet, skrivet under kursen kandidatarbete 15 p vårterminen 2010 på programmet för fysisk planering vid Blekinge Tekniska Högskola. Arbetet är det avslutande examensarbetet efter 3 års studier i fysisk planering på grundläggande nivå. Arbetet handlar om funktionsomvandlingar i staden. Hur ett flexibelt byggande kan underlätta i städer, där behovet av byggnader förändras snabbare än en byggnads livstid. Kandidatarbetet har dels inneburit studier av en funktionsomvandling som gjorts på Stumholmen i Karlskrona och dels inneburit ett försök till en liknande omvandling på ön Kungsholmen i Karlskronas skärgård där en funktionsomvandling är aktuell idag år 2010.

The running of a Swedish pre-school is not just about taking care of children but involves incorporating educational activities that follow curriculum guidelines. In addition, time must be allocated for planning, discussion, evaluation and reflection. Many pre-school teachers feel that there is insufficient planning time which is needed to follow the established curriculum guidelines for kindergarten. Due to the rising numbers of children per class, and the obligation to document and evaluate everything, pressure and lack of time has become a significant issue.The purpose of this study is to investigate four pre-school teachers´ views on pedagogical planning and reflection time. Questions to be answered include:1.

The essay is written at the request of Nyköping municipality park management by PatRadestedt who wanted a design proposal for one of the five courtyards at the Tessin Schoolin Nyköping. The Tessin School is located 2 miles from the center of Nyköping and the schoolhouses approximately 900 students. To make a design proposal for the courtyard that lies atthe canteen I decided from the outset that I wanted to take some of the Tessin SchoolStudents' opinions and wishes regarding their own outdoor spaces. I had a workshop witheight students from the arts program with the image orientation in which they had to drawand tell them what they wanted to do in the courtyard. The outcome of the workshop, Iused to move forward in my future work with a concept that fit into the environment, wethen apply it in my final design proposal.

Syftet med denna kandidatuppsats är att studera hur den Olympiska parken i Peking respektive London planeras för att hantera de Olympiska spelen samt hur de planerats för att användas efteråt. Vidare är syftet att se vilka förutsättningar och vilken problematik som därefter uppstår. Undersökningen har skett genom en kvalitativ innehållsanalys av den Olympiska parken i Peking respektive London. Resultatet från studien har därefter analyserats och diskuterats utifrån ett par teoretiska huvudpunkter som är viktiga vid planeringen av mega-event. Planeringen av de Olympiska spelen är ett komplext projekt med många olika aspekter att ta hänsyn till. Detta då det bl.a.

In the increasing urban environments and the modern societies demands for sustainability there is a challange in planning cities with a balance between density and a satisfying access of recreational environments. For attractive cities these environments need to be designed to fit every inhabitants? demands and opinions in some way. Increased knowledge and understanding is therefore needed about how different design styles in landscape architecture affect people and the cities. In this bachelor thesis benefits and disadvantages as well as the experience and impact of two fundamental design styles i discussed; naturalistic and formal/abstract design.