Which general outlines are preferable in the relation between organizations and government? From normative theory and method I throw light upon this question by defining and comparing two different Democratic standpoints. The substantial Democratic standpoint focuses on political effectiveness and the procedural Democratic standpoint focuses on equal representation. The normative discussion aims at comparing how well the different standpoints function in political praxis. Since the ambition is to discuss concrete praxis I have also chosen to analyse an extensive case of interest influence in Swedish politics empirically.

The transition from having been under another country?s control to becoming a Democratic country can, many times, pose difficulties, which has proven itself to be quite common. Estonia and Moldova?s processes towards a Democratic regime are two examples of countries with varied success in the final transition phase.When the USSR (Soviet union) fell and collapsed in 1991 Estonia was well on their way from having a communistic ruling to a Democratic one due to the fact that their Democratic work had already begun a few years prior to 1991. After the collapse Estonia continued with their Democratic work and in 2004 the country became a EU member state.

The transition from having been under another country?s control to becoming a Democratic country can, many times, pose difficulties, which has proven itself to be quite common. Estonia and Moldova?s processes towards a Democratic regime are two examples of countries with varied success in the final transition phase.When the USSR (Soviet union) fell and collapsed in 1991 Estonia was well on their way from having a communistic ruling to a Democratic one due to the fact that their Democratic work had already begun a few years prior to 1991. After the collapse Estonia continued with their Democratic work and in 2004 the country became a EU member state.

The subject of this master thesis is the school library and how we find its potential unutilized. We look at this problem in connection to the Democratic assignment that the Swedish school has. The purpose is to elucidate what the Democratic assignment consists of and to establish the role that the school library ought to have in this assignment. To describe the Democratic assignment we examine and interpret the documents that regulate school and library activities today, including UNESCO/IFLA School Library Manifesto and United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. We use critical ideology analysis because we consider democracy to be a sort of ideology and have a critical view of how the school library is used or rather not used in school.

This study analyzes Hungary's Democratic backsliding under Viktor Orb?ns term of office between 2010 and 2025. The research questions addressed in this study are ?Which central institutional reforms can be identified as significant for Hungary?s Democratic backsliding under Viktor Orb?n?s rule from 2010 to 2025?? and ?In what ways have these reforms contributed to a process of Democratic backsliding?? The study is based on a qualitative case method. To be able to conduct this study, secondary sources such as academic literature and reports from international organizations have been analyzed in detail.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether or not there has been a change in the use of Democratic values in textbooks in social science for classes 4-6. The focus lies on Democratic values from two different theoretical perspectives, Dahl?s theory of democracy and Habermas deliberative democracy. The method used is a text analysis based on a model made by Lennart Hellspong. The material we?ve analysed consists of four textbooks in social science from different decades, with a range from 1981 until today.

Local politicians are key actors in the Democratic system and their ideas concerning democracy plays a central role in local Democratic politics. The study's point of departure is the notion that local politicians are dependent of coherence between practice and theory concerning democracy and in the study of their ideas we acquire knowledge about the Democratic practice.This study examines the local politicians? view of Swedish democracy and explores the logic of the discourse that makes statements concerning democracy possible. Twenty local politicians have been interviewed and from the material a discourse have been established through the use of formulation of problems and cause, nodal points and chains of analogy which is compared with Democratic ideals.The study comes to the conclusion that a hegemonic discourse exists, in which central nodal points are representative and listening. The idea of the representative system is hegemonic and is based in the liberal Democratic ideal although the view of the citizens rather can be traced to the radical, communitarian and deliberative ideal.

This essay is a comparative research between pupils' experience of how the headmaster, teachers and other school staff interpret and apply the Democratic education. The results are based on a survey carried out in senior high school, as well as interviews with the school staff. The Democratic education charge has a long history of Swedish school system and is the basis for the maintenance of a Democratic society. Both policy paper of state investigations and researchers in the field, regard to school as the primary and unique instance in order to promote and develop Democratic skills in children and young people. However, it is shown that those who come out from school lack of knowledge and awareness of democracy and the will to speak their mind.

What every theory of democracy has in common is a reference to ?a people? who are, in one way or another, collectively self-governing. Given that, surprisingly little attention has been paid to the so called boundary problem of Democratic theory, or, in other words, the question of who should be included in the Democratic community. Lately, the historically given boundaries have been questioned in favour of a cosmopolitan democracy. Still, little has been said about the boundary problem in general, especially from a theoretical point of view.

The transition from having been under another country?s control to becoming a Democratic country can, many times, pose difficulties, which has proven itself to be quite common. Estonia and Moldova?s processes towards a Democratic regime are two examples of countries with varied success in the final transition phase.When the USSR (Soviet union) fell and collapsed in 1991 Estonia was well on their way from having a communistic ruling to a Democratic one due to the fact that their Democratic work had already begun a few years prior to 1991. After the collapse Estonia continued with their Democratic work and in 2004 the country became a EU member state.

Lately information- and communication technology (ICT) has been seen as an important tool to vitalize democracy. What kind of democracy it generates is however debateable. The objective with this thesis is therefore to examine what Democratic ideal that dominates the use of ICT in Region Skåne and Västra Götalandsregionen and what kind of citizenship it brings. The two case studies were chosen because the Swedish regional level is facing a reorganization with Democratic ambitions which in relation to ICT is fairly unexplored. To fulfil the objective there are two perspectives; e-democracy and e-administration, which are defined and integrated with Democratic theory including Premfors´ "Fast, Strong and Thin" Democratic ideals and Marshall´s three citizenship rights.

The purpose of this essay is to examine Egyptian university students´attitudes about the Egyptian education system´s ability to support a Democratic process in Egypt. In order to carry out my study, scientific books and articles have been read and interviews have been made among Egyptian university students. The interviews contained questions about the Egyptian education system´s impact on the Democratic process in Egypt and which impact the Egyptian education system has had on the Egyptian revolution.The conclusion drawn from my study is that Egyptian university students find the contemporary Egyptian education system based on authoritarian rules and with a lack of Democratic values. The Egyptian university students believe that to establish Democratic institutions in Egypt, the Egyptian citizens need a better understanding about Democratic values. However, some of the students believe that the democracy that should be established in Egypt, must be based on Islamic values and to succeed with that, Islamic studies must play a greater part in the Egyptian education.When it comes to the Egyptian education system´s impact on the Egyptian revolution the Egyptian university students´opinions were somehow divided. .

The aim of this thesis is to examine the politics and activities of the Social Democratic students´ association Spartakus. Their relationships and political and ideological differences towards the Swedish Social Democratic Party (SAP) and the remaining parts of the Social Democratic youth organisation (SSU) in Linköping during 1969-1971 are examined. To fulfil this aim I have studied relevant literature and interviewed people who were active in Spartakus, as well as people from SSU and SAP in the municipal during the period. I have also studied written material produced by the students´ association itself during the period. The theoretical frame of reference consists of Dahl´s theory on a Democratic political order, and party theories like the mass party theory of Duverger, theories from Sjöblom, Panebianco, Lipset and Tingsten and also Gidlund&Möller´s theory about different kinds of party members.

AbstractParticiapation from the citizens in a Democratic society is one of the ground pilars for the function of the Democratic society. The goal for the Swedish contemporary democracy is to complement the representative democracy with different kinds of participatory activities for the citizens. But is it working? The purpose of this essay is to exame the problems that might occur when the citizens participate in a wider extent than just voting. The focus is problems connected to the Democratic value political equality.

The main objective of the essay is to define the meaning of the termgovernance network on the basis of Democratic values ? both normative andimperial - with the aim to analyse the prospects to develop an effective andDemocratic governance. Democratic values as well as civil participation,enlightenment, responsibility and approachability are discussed, but also moreeffectivness orientated values.It is clear from the presentation how normative and democracy models putdifferent values in focus, with the consequence that other values are played downor pushed aside. Compared to imperial research in partnership ? by definition atype of network arrangement - and with a starting point in democracy andefficiency, the networks are discussed as political formation.In what sense can the actual existing network arrangements meet and fulfil thedefined political values? As no straight forward answer exists, there is an ongoingconflict between the political demand for slowness and the effectiveness demandfor flexibility and mobility..