The varieties of paint are today very big, but many of the more popular paints are less than environmental friendly. The uses of fossilized fuel in paints are common because these paints dry fast and are color true. It would be beneficial for the environment if more renewable source were used to produce paint. Linseed oil is an old base for oil paints. It is renewable and easily procured.

This project concerns a new lower and mid level compulsory school in the currently developing area of Annedal, northwest of central Stockholm. According to the given program, the school should hold 500 pupils and 100 pre-school children. As an addition to the given program, my suggustion holds a sports hall and a public library.In my project, my ambition has been to investigate how to create an inspiring and exiting place for kids to inhabit and, at the same time, create an activated, central place in a developing suburb. The latter has resulted in the two program-related additions, which purposes is to extend the hours during which the area is activated and to create additional incitements for visiting the building. Both additions are chosen based on lack of service in the area. Architectually, I've been inspired by the medieval castle which has been used as an inspirational resource for the parts of the school holding classrooms.

The first part of this essay is about a single-family house that we have planned and projected. Thesecond part is a deeper study in ways to further insulate windows when they are not in use.In the first part the building?s design and its most important construction elements are described.The planning of all major installations (heating, domestic water, ventilation, sanitation, electricity)are reported so that one can in principle start construction of the house. In addition there arecalculations done on the building?s energy management.The result is a two stored house angled toward the south.

AbstractWe all have experience of dwelling, which means that everyone can have an opinion about the architecture of the dwelling. Today the building companies do not have time enough to investigate which architecture qualities their clientele ask for in their apartments. JM AB use to call their apartments ?generous city apartments?. But do these apartments fulfill the needs of their dwellers? And what would the apartments look like if they were designed according to the wishes of the dwellers? When JM AB get knowledge about the dwellers needs and wishes they can make even better apartments for their future customers.The purpose and the objective with this report are to draw up proposals for tenant owner flat.

Scholarly publishing has since the introduction of electronically distributed periodicals seen a time of change, mainly in the STM-business (Science Technology and Medicine). The roles of the three main participants in the publication process; researcher, publisher and library are developing into new directions. Researchers themselves are taking a more active part in the discussion, with the boycott list from the Public Library of Science organization as an illustrating example. Reforms are being launched partly as an economical and efficiency issue, partly as an increasing desire from researchers to maintain the control of scientific end result. This Master s thesis examines how the partly conflicting goals of the participants affect the conditions for scholarly publication in an electronic environment.

Between 1965 and 1975 a major housing project was carried out in Sweden to resolve a major housing crisis, the so-called one million housing program (Swedish: miljonprogrammet). To raise the standards and create a more attractive housing in these areas is currently a very relevant topic in Sweden.Evidence-based design is the process of basing decisions of the built environment on credible research and studies to achieve the best possible outcome. This method is primarily used in the healthcare sector to improve quality of care and reduce costs by creating healthy environments.The possibility of refurbish apartment buildings from miljonprogrammet using evidence-based design has been studied by means of an extensive literature review and a closer examination of the residential area, Husby in Stockholm, which has been chosen to represent the miljonprogrammet in its entirety. Furthermore, the evidence-based research has been limited to seven fields; nature, noise, color, wayfinding, safe environment, Daylight and thermal comfort which has been assessed to be applicable on housing. In order to obtain a comprehensive overview of the different fields, four different subjects were chosen to investigate further within each field; research and studies, laws and regulations, constructional aspect and Husby.

The purpose of the present study was to examine effects of driver, vehicle, and environment characteristics on Collision Warning System (CWS) design. One hypothesis was made that the capability of collision avoidance would not be same among a driver, vehicle, and environment group with different characteristics. Accident analysis and quantitative analysis was used to examine this hypothesis in terms of ?risk? and ?safety margin? respectively. Rear-end collision had a stronger focus in the present study.

During the 1930´s the hot potato for the Swedish lighting associations were how to create the most suitable light for every situation, either for industries, offices or homes. The light bulb were the most frequently used source of light but due to limitied luminous intensity, big halls sometimes required up to hundreds of light bulbs to produce the right amount of light. Two kinds of different lights, by different reasons, can be titled the predecessors of the fluorescent lighting during the 1930´s: The volfram-filament tube light due to its estetic similarities and the electric discharge (mercury- and sodium-) lamps due to its technical resemblance. Even though they came in quite wide use (the volfram tube in public halls (e. g.

Bakgrunden till denna rapport ligger i hur arkitekturkonsten genom tiden behandlat dagsljuset med sto?rsta precision fo?r att pa? ba?sta sa?tt ta tillvara pa? dess kvalite?er, och hur den tekniska revolutionen med artificiell belysning idag pa?verkat va?rt sa?tt att behandla dagsljus.Syftet med studien a?r att bidra till kunskapen om hur dagsljusinsla?ppet pa?verkar upplevelsen av ett rum. Ma?let a?r att klargo?ra hur dagsljusinsla?ppets proportioner och placering pa?verkar hur det infallande ljuset upptra?der i rummet och hur det inverkar pa? hur rummet upplevs. Studien a?r ta?nkt att kunna anva?ndas av planerare fo?r att i trivsamhetssyfte skapa ett sa? bra dagsljusinsla?pp som mo?jligt.

Det blir allt vanligare att ha stora fönster och glaspartier i bostäder och även i andra typer av lokaler. Tanken att skapa en öppenhet mellan inomhusklimatet och naturen utanför genom att använda sig av fasadglas, har haft stor genomslagskraft inom framförallt byggandet av kontorshus. Problematiken kring glasfasader är omfattande och det är många faktorer som spelar in. En stor utmaning är att lyckas utforma en fasad där man tar tillvara på solvärmen vintertid och samtidigt stänger ute den under varmare perioder.Rapporten innefattar en fördjupning i utformningen av solavskärmning med utgångspunkt från tre aspekter; solvärmelaster, dagsljus och det arkitektoniska uttrycket. Utgångspunkten vid utformningen har varit att skapa moduler som är tänkta att upprepas längs hela fasaden, i syfte att effektivisera produktionsprocessen.

This study is about how changed light conditions induce dormancy in plants. It is divided in two parts. First a literature study where quantification of light, the concept dormancy, photoperiod and light quality are discussed. Second an experimental part, where the importance of light for sprouting capacity in root buds of perennial sow thistle (Sonchus arvensis L.) is investigated.In the science in how flowering in plants are induced the concepts short day/long day plants and light dominant/dark dominant are well-established. These concepts can also be applied to how light induce dormancy in plants.

Today dairy farmers in Sweden are obligated to have lights turned on during night time in addition to the mandatory Daylight inlet. This presents a cost for the production but many argue that it can be economically beneficial, especially in loose housing of dairy cows. In loose housing and even more so in herds with automatic milking, well functioning cow traffic during all hours of the day is crucial to optimise production. In order to keep the cow traffic flowing, lights may be an important management tool. It is also perceived among farmers with tied up stall that night light decreases the incidents of cows accidental stepping on their own or neighbours udders.

Vaccination of fish can be assumed to cause pain. This study was designed to see if we can minimize the suffering of fish following vaccination. Fishes are cold-blooded animals and thus more primitive than warm-blooded animals. Despite this, many organs, e.g. the nervous system, have the same basic structure as that of other vertebrates. The fibre system for conducting pain is more diffuse than in humans.

Miljöcertifiering av byggnader ökar i takt med efterfrågan hos bland annat fastighetsägare, potentiella kunder och hyresgäster. Allt fler beställare väljer därmed att låta certifiera sina projekt med något av dagens miljöcertifieringssystem. För arkitekter innebär detta en stor utmaning, då det ställs hårda krav på byggnaden för att den ska uppnå den önskade certifieringen. Dessa certifieringskrav påverkar till stor del utformningen av byggnaden, och att då som arkitekt uppnå ett estetiskt uttryck samtidigt som kraven måste uppfyllas är inte enkelt.  Det är dessutom viktigt att projektera rätt redan från början.Det här projektet syftar till att utöka arkitekters kunskaper kring projektering i ett tidigt skede av lokalbyggnader som ska miljöcertifieras med miljöcertifieringssystemet Miljöbyggnad. Studierna genomförs med hänsyn till de gestaltningspåverkande indikatorer beträffande områdena dagsljus, energi och innemiljö som bedöms enligt Miljöbyggnad samt är viktiga att beakta i ett tidigt skede.

Successful broiler production in hot climates requires knowledge of how birds are affected by heat stress. It is important with access to water and good ventilation to facilitate coping with the heat. It may be useful to reduce the consumption of feed during the hottest hours of the days, which together with a few hours of extra light available could improve both productivity and animal welfare. The vision in birds is superior to that of humans and most other mammals. Continuous light and light with low intensity can cause eye injuries, affect the eye development in young chicken negatively, as well as provide increased incidence of foot pad lesions. Access to light affects the production but also the welfare of birds.