Under vår skolförlagda utbildning har vi varit på olika skolor, där vi sett att lärarnas undervisning varierade stort i dessa skolor. Vi undrar varför det är så mycket ämnesstrukturerad undervisning ute på skolorna och varför inte lärarna undervisar mer ämnesintegrerat när vi ser att det finns möjligheter till detta. En av de viktigaste uppgifterna som verksamma lärare bör ha, är att ge eleverna möjligheter till överblick och sammanhang mellan ämnen. Syftet med vår studie var att undersöka varför lärarna integrerar och varför inte lärarna integrerar i skolorna. Vår undersökning grundar sig på telefonintervjuer med 25 lärare från två kommuner.Vår studie visar att lärarna integrerar ämnena för att eleverna ska förstå samband och se helheter.

Who is responsible for youth policy implementation?This thesis attempts to deepen our understanding of Swedish and Nordic youth policy. Youth policy is cross-sectoral and includes all the decisions and measures affecting the conditions of young people. National youth policy therefore concerns young people's life situations in a number of different areas, such as work, housing, education, health, leisure and influence. The purpose of the study is to increase the knowledge of youth policy work the last century by understanding the impact of youth research concerning adults' role in youth policy implementation. A mixed method approach has been applied to the study: interviews, documents and youth theory have been analysed.

Today the individual ventilated cage system (IVC-system) is a commonly used housing system for mice in research facilities. IVC systems have HEPA- filters and are designed to control both supply and exhausted air at cage level, as well as temperature and relative humidity in the cages. This creates an optimal environment for the mouse and at the same time a protection against the risk of cross-infection between cages and the outside environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the health and welfare of breeding females and pups of two different strains of laboratory mice (NMRI nude mice and C57BL/6N) in three different kinds of IVC-systems; Arrowmight, Allentown and Tecniplast. The NMRI nude (Nu) females gave birth to 18 litters in Allentown, 16 litters in Arrowmight and 15 litters in Tecniplast.

Introduction: We are facing an aging population, which means that the incidence of age related diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, are expected to increase. In the current situation there is no cure for the disease, whereupon it is important to develop preventive strategies. Objective: To examine the association between Alzheimer's disease and physical activity. Method: A systematic literature search was done to identify the current state of knowledge from the year 2006 onwards. The reason for this limitation was that the SBU commissioned a systematic literature review in 2006, where the relationship between physical activity and Alzheimer's disease could not be determined.

AbstractThis thesis is the final part of the Innovation and Design Engineering Programme (180 ECTS credits)at the Faculty of Health, Nature and Engineering Science at Karlstad University. The extent of thisthesis is 22.5 ECTS credits and has been performed independently by Hannes Jernberg during thespring of 2013. Metso Paper Karlstad AB is the task maker of this project, and Arvid Johansson is thecompany Representative. Metso Paper Karlstad AB is one of the world leading developer andmanufacturer of tissue paper machines.In the current situation, the company has developed and patented a power management systembased on a Cross Flow Turbine. The current construction is limited to a paper width of 2.9 meters.The company wants to take advantage of all the opportunities provided by the patents, to develop aturbine solution paper machine with a paper width that is wider than 5.5 meters, and give the abilityto manufacture paper for lower energy consumption which is an important part of the production asit is very energy intensive.Problems arise with the increasing length of the turbine, ultimately resulting in that the deflectionbecomes too big and that the momentums, due to the increased torque the turbine blades breaks.By applying the design process, this work has resulted in a number of potential solutions to theproblem.

Det jag ska undersöka är hur väl program skrivna i Haxe med det externa biblioteket NME uppnår plattformsoberoende. Mer specifikt hur väl ett spel skrivet i Haxe med NME är plattformsoberoende givet att programkoden är den samma och inte modifierad för varje plattform. På hemsidan för NME ställs frågan ?Does This Actually Work?? och svaret som ges är ?As surprising as it sounds, NME really works. You do not need to spend your time messing with cross-platform compatibility, but you also do not have to sacrifice runtime performance or access to platform features.?.För att Haxe och NME ska anses vara plattformsoberoende ska samma källkod resultera i att spel som fungerar på ett tillfredsställande sätt på alla de testade plattformarna, givet att jag i programkoden tar hänsyn till den hårdvara som finns tillgänglig på plattformarna.

Verktyg skapade för att stödja företags kollaborativa processer, även kallat "groupware", har funnits i olika former sedan början av 90-talet. I dag är webbtjänster ett allt mer nyttjat alternativ bland organisationer på grund av dess många fördelar ? såsom lägre kostnader och ökad cross-platform-tillgänglighet. Med teknologiska framsteg har det på senare år blivit möjligt att utveckla program för webbläsare som inte tidigare varit möjligt. Syftet med den här studien är att ta reda på hur man i dagens webbmiljö och i dagens moderna organisationer utvecklar framgångsrik kollaborativ programvara genom att försöka identifiera ett antal riktlinjer för detta ändamål.

The economic development and industrialization that has taken place in many parts of the world during the past century has brought about a huge increase in economic welfare. During this process, it has repeatedly been debated whether the gains from economic development are shared by everyone or just a few. In the field of economics, vast research has been conducted on this particular subject ever since the 1950?s. The most famous contribution might be said to be Simon Kuznets article, Growth and Income Inequality from 1955 and the ?inverted U?-hypothesis that was formulated on the basis of that article.

Businesses role in society is changing. Corporations are expected to take responsibility, not only for their traditional business conduct, but also for social and political issues. A rise in globalization and international trade has led to an increased interest in the concept of CSR. Accordingly, stakeholders are expecting multinational companies to be accountable for existing issues in developing countries. New business models are needed to meet increased expectations of responsibility and shared value creation. Based on an understanding of the need for new business models a multinational corporation is studied in a local context, where a radically new way of doing business is developed.

I en tid när globaliseringen ökar och det blir allt vanligare att organisationer använder multinationella projektteam, så det finns goda skäl att fördjupa sig i hur dessa team kan ledas på bästa sätt. Syftet med den här studien är att utforska hur projektledare tillämpar ledarskapsstrategier för att hantera och dra nytta av pluralismen i projekt med multinationella projektgrupper.Den teoretiska utgångspunkten för studien är de tre strategier för att leda multinationella team som identifierats av Chevrier (2003): låt-gå-ledarskap, relationsorientering och gemensam yrkes- eller organisationskultur. Grunddragen i de respektive strategierna är att lämna det upp till projektmedlemmarna att på egen hand att överbrygga barriärerna; att främja utveckling av relationer och ömsesidigt acceptabla rutiner; att förlita sig på redan etablerade yrkes- eller organisationskulturer. Resultatet har även relaterats till bilden av norsk ledarstil i befintlig teori; en ledarstil som präglas av jämlikhet, kollektivism och konsensus. Det empiriska underlaget för studien har samlats in med hjälp av semistrukturerade kvalitativa intervjuer.

Human - Technology - Organization (HTO) is a well-established, general unifying concept in the Swedish Accident Investigation Authority (SHK) that represents an approach, knowledge and use of various tools regarding interactions between people, technology and organizational factors. The HTO-perspective is well described in literature but there are few studies on how SHKs staff experiences working according to this method in their investigations. The aim of this study was therefore to describe their HTO-perspective, examine how it is used in the investigations at SHK and describe the investigators experience of working with the HTO-perspective as well as the method's usefulness compared to old methods in accident investigations. A literature study has been conducted in the areas of HTO, Theory of planned behavior (TPB) and safety culture. TPB and safety culture are described in this paper since they highlight the different aspects of a HTO-perspective.

ABSTRACT Background: Health and ill-health are multifaceted concepts. Previous research has shown that physical activity and the level of cardio respiratory are important parts of leading a healthy lifestyle. Possibly, it?s so important that the Occupational Health Service should focus even more on this.Aim: The aim was to investigate if there was a relationship between the level of cardio respiratory fitness and self-rated health, and between the level of cardio respiratory fitness and physical and mental ill-health.Method: The study was conducted using a quantitative method in the form of a cross sectional study. Data was collected from an Occupational Health Service, containing answers to a questionnaire on work environment and health and test values ??from completed cycle fitness tests.

SammanfattningSyfte och frågeställningarSyftet med denna studie var att, genom en intervention med kontorsarbetare, undersöka hur effektiv fysisk aktivitet är i jämförelse med en mental träningsform, Mindfulness, som stressreduceringsmetoder på upplevd psykisk hälsa. De frågeställningar som undersöks var: Hur har Mindfulness och fysisk aktivitet påverkat upplevd stress? Hur har Mindfulness och fysisk aktivitet påverkat medveten närvaro? Hur effektiv är fysisk aktivitet i jämförelse med Mindfulness som stressreduceringsmetod?MetodStudien som genomförts var en kvantitativ cross-over undersökning där 16 kontorsarbetare med en medelålder på 55,6 ± 4,97, år deltog. Majoriteten av deltagarna var inte regelbundet fysiskt aktiva vid interventionens start. Deltagarna delades slumpvis in i två olika grupper där den ena gruppen startade med fysisk aktivitet och den andra gruppen med Mindfulness som de utförde under tre veckor för att sedan byta aktivitet.

This is an essay within the subject of practical theology. The main interest is baptism. The aim of this essay is to describe the baptism theology of the Church of Sweden (Svenska kyrkan) and the history of the baptism. The goal is also, with the help of qualitative research, to study the view of the baptism with the ones who choose to let their children be baptized according to the liturgy of the Swedish Church in the diocese of Härnösand. The attempt is to give the Swedish church a pattern of action and a direction based on the result of my research.

Background: Basic hygiene is an important measure to prevent healthcare associated infections, save patients? lives, and reduce economic costs for health care. Healthcare associated infections are a threat to patient safety. In community care persons who are the care takers are a risk group and nurses must make sure that basic hygiene procedures are followed.Method: Literature studies with descriptive design, article search in databases Cinahl and PubMed. The results found are based on twelve chosen articles.Aim: To describe factors related to adherence to basic hygiene and how nurses in community care can help to improve compliance with these procedures.Results: In the nursing staff and leadership in health care interest in and the understanding of basic hygiene is described as being of most importance.