Hedgefonder har under det senaste decenniet blivit ett allt mer uppmärksammat inslag på den svenska fondmarknaden och tillväxten har varit stark både till storleken förvaltat kapital och antalet hedgefonder. Själva grundidén för hedgefonder är att de oberoende av marknadsutvecklingen alltid skall generera positiv avkastning. Låg risk samt låg korrelation med aktie- och räntemarknaderna är ytterligare argument vilka bör göra hedgefonderna till intressanta inslag i investerares totala portföljer.Problemområde: Hedgefonder kommer säkerligen att utgöra betydande delar av svenska investerares kapitalplaceringar i framtiden vilket gör dem till intressanta studieobjekt. Intressant ur en investerares perspektiv är att undersöka huruvida hedgefonderna infriar uppställda förvaltningsmål.Syfte: Genom kvantitativ beräkning ämnar vi analysera de svenska hedgefondernas historiska prestationer i form av absolut avkastning, riskjusterad avkastning, volatilitet samt korrelation, i syfte att se om detta motsvarar de förväntningar en investerare bör ha för sitt hedgefondsparande.Metod: Undersökningen baseras på sekundärdata i form av undersökta fonders kurshistorik, samt index- och räntehistorik. Studien är teoretisk i den mening att vi använt oss av vedertagen ekonomisk teori som vi tillämpat, empirisk då vi själva genomfört beräkningar för att sedan kunna analysera resultaten och dra egna slutsatser av dessa.Resultat: Flertalet fonder har svårt att uppfylla målet om ?absolut avkastning?.

Syftet med vår undersökning var att vi ville ta reda på vilka metoder logopeder använder när de fastställer diagnosen språkstörning hos flerspråkiga barn och om där finns risk för fel- diagnostisering. Vi ville även ta reda på hur man jobbar med dessa barn i språkförskolor. Vi valde att göra en kvalitativ undersökning med halvstrukturerade intervjuer med fyra logopeder. Vi valde även att göra en observation av en logoped i arbetet med barn på en språkavdelning på en förskola. Resultatet av vår undersökning visade att det finns för få tester som är anpassade till flerspråkiga barn.

The essay studies Romania and the Roma in the country as a minority from an Europeanization perspective.The aim of the essay is to study EU´s impact on Romania in general through Europeanization and to illustrate this Europeanization by studying the situation of the Roma in particular.The paper focuses on Romania´s Europeanization process and the Roma as a minority. It looks at how these mechanisms have affected Romania´s efforts to prohibit discrimination and to promote Roma´s rights.Heather Grabbes´s Europeanization mechanism; models, money, gate ?keeping, benchmarking and monitoring, advice and twinning is the framework for the essay. Besides this Claudio Radaelli´s definition is used because it is broad enough to cover different areasThe conclusion is that Europeanization has affected Romania in its adaption to EU membership. Romania has been affected by a top-down Europeanization process.Regarding the Roma the conclusion is that the mechanisms have pushed Romania to focus more on the Roma.

This essay discusses the Nordic region Bohuslän the decade after it became "Swedish" in 1658, during what I call the region's "transition period". The wide cause of the study is to show how the traditional understanding of this state shift (and of state shifts in general) need to be problemized and understood in the light of the state conditions of Early Modern Europe. By examine court protocols from the local-court of Orust and Tjörn (one of five local courts in contemporary Bohuslän) and the local noble's writings to the Swedish parliament, a tricky mixture of references to different territories gets observed and analyzed.To approach the difficult identity problems, I have assistance in Peter Sahlins' conclusions from his study of the French-Spanish borderland during the same period. Especially helpful are his identity schemes by which he (inspired by the Norwegian anthropologist Fredrik Barth) supposes that each identity originates from a counter-identity. This study ends up in an attempt to reconstruct the landscape of identities and counter-identities found in the sources, according to professor Sahlins' schemes.

Previous research has discussed how voluntary disclosure relates to the cost of equity capital. Theories of estimation risk support a negative association between disclosure and cost of equity capital, as empirically documented by Botosan (1997) among others. In this Bachelor thesis we investigate whether such a relationship exists on the Swedish capital market. Using the CAPM to estimate the cost of equity capital and a disclosure index based on Aktiespararen?s annual evaluation of corporate disclosure, we test a model where disclosure explains cost of equity capital.

This degree project is made for Sundbyholms Golf&Country Club in Eskilstuna. The aim of the report is to produce a website which include a golf course interactive guide and an online game. Programs that have been used during the project are Adobe Photoshop, Macromedia Dreamweaver, Macromedia Director, Discreet 3DS Max and the plug-in 3DS Max Exporter. The choice of programs are based on experience and knowledge from the university education Media and Communication Engineering at Linköping University. The golf course guide contains a 2D-guide (image) and a 3D-guide (interactive image).

The increased frequency of reported Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) is of great concern to small animal healthcare due to limited options of antimicrobial therapy. The aim of this literature study is to investigate 1) characteristics and classification of S. pseudintermedius, 2) resistance mechanisms and emergence of MRSP, 3) risk factors for selection of MRSP, and 4) clonal distribution around the world. S. pseudintermedius is a skin and mucosal commensal in healthy dogs and cats, but can cause infections, including pyoderma. Beta-lactam antibiotics inhibit bacterial growth by binding to the penicillin binding protein (PBP), a vital enzyme in the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall.

The aim of this thesis is to describe and analyze the geographical distribution of everyday criminality in the town of Borlänge during the year 2002 and to analyze which measures to be taken in the physical social planning to decrease this everyday criminality there. The term everyday criminality is here to be understood as those categories of crime that appear most frequently in the records of reports to the police every year. Here two kinds of crime have been in focus, thefts from cars and office burglary.In fulfilling this aim two main questions have been answered. The first one is how the everyday criminality was distributed geographically in the town of Borlänge during the year 2002. The second one is which measures to be taken in the physical social planning to decrease this everyday criminality in the town of Borlänge.In order to answer the first question a spatial autocorrelation analysis, Local Moran LISA has been used.

In the future the Swedish pension system will face major problems. With an increasing aging population combined with a decreasing share of working population the financing of the pension system is becoming a bigger problem than previously predicted. This means the individual himself will have a bigger responsibility to invest money for their future retirement. It has been shown that a large proportion of the people who invests for their future pension have neither the interest nor the time to actively invest their pension capital. To make it easier for those who invest for their retirement, some Swedish banks have created so-called generation funds.

AbstractPURPOSE: The aim of this study was to describe and compare possible differences regarding selected prognostic factors for disability between patients with non-specific chronic pain who were about to start a multidisciplinary treatment program (MMR), either within primary care (MMR1) or hospital care (MMR2).METHODS: The study had a descriptive and comparative cross sectional design. Eighty-nine patients were recruited consecutively when they were about to start their team treatment (50 in MMR1,39 in MMR2). The measurements were; Evaluation of self-reported self-efficacy for eight daily activities (STIVA-8), The Pain Belief Screening Instrument (PBSI) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).RESULTS: The study found some significant differences between the answers from patients in MMR1 and those from patients in MMR2. For instance, patients in MMR2 estimated lower self-efficacy according to STIVA-8 than patients in MMR1. Also, there were fewer low risk patients and more high risk patients in MMR2 than in MMR1 regarding pain intensity according to PBSI.

Bakgrund: Högskolan Kristianstad ger sjuksköterskestudenter möjlighet att göra utlandspraktik. Sjuksköterskestudenter som gör utlandspraktik i ett utvecklingsland erfar upplevelser som påverkar studentens framtida profession, internationella perspektiv, personliga och intellektuella utveckling. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva sjuksköterskestudenters upplevelser av att göra utlandspraktik i ett utvecklingsland som Sri Lanka. Metod: En kvalitativ empirisk studie genomfördes som grundades på subjektiva dagboksanteckningar i berättelseform. Datainsamlingen har analyserats med kvalitativ innehållsanalys.

Stick- och skärskador är ett problem inom sjukvården. Förekomsten är störst inom operationsverksamhet, där stora mängder blod och andra kroppsvätskor samt vassa instrument hanteras. Risken för blodsmitta varierar för de vanligaste blodsmittorna HBV, HCV och HIV men när tillbud sker finns alltid en möjlig risk för blodsmitta.Syftet är att identifiera orsaker till stick- och skärskador samt beskriva åtgärder för att minska risken för blodsmitta under den intraoperativa fasen.I ett operationsteam ingår många olika yrkesgrupper som arbetar nära varandra på en begränsad yta och risken för tillbud ökar Risken för operationsteamet kommer aldrig helt att kunna elimineras, men genom att identifiera orsaksfaktorer, såsom handskperforation, operationslängd och blodstänk finns möjlighet att påverka sin egen och övriga i operationsteamets säkerhet. Genom att använda olika skyddsåtgärder som dubbla/indikatorhandskar, mun och ansiktsskydd samt användandet av preventiva arbetsmetoder som Hands-free teknik (HFT) och trubbiga nålar kan eventuella risker för blodexponering och en potentiell risk för blodsmitta minska..

This study is based on six narrative interviews which I conducted with students at the University of Namibia in Windhoek, Namibia. My aim is to find out how these students are creating their identity in the environment of the university, how they look at their family structure and how Namibia´s independence in 1990 has created new opportunities for young people in contemporary Namibia. I have been using postcolonial theory and identity theories to analyse the interviews. Five of the six respondents are from the northern parts of Namibia, Ovamboland, and this area is seen as a rural area. The students have made an emotional journey from the rural areas in the north to the urban area of Windhoek and they feel that they have many new opportunities and they are willing to change Namibia into a more developed country..

The aim of the study has been to see if there are cultural differences in the perception of health and, if so, analyze if this is something needed to be taken in consideration in Swedish healthcare, schools and so forth.The participants were children aged between nine and nineteen. The study was performed at Islamic center's Islamic free school in Rosengård, Malmö. We have used a phenomenological approach that encourages the participants to talk freely and in their own words about a given subject, in our case, health. To analyze the transcribed interviews we have used software, Minerva, an application of Meaning Constitution Analysis (MCA) developed by Roger Sages, lector at The University of Lund.The results show that all the participants, regardless of culture, feel that eating right and exercising are crucial for their health. Additional to this we have found that the participants have a very strong solidarity whit their family and their origin country.

In Sweden there is no legal regulation for the obligations and responsibilities between the contracting parties within the construction, civil engineering and installation sector. To clarify uncertainties regarding the liability, actors from theses sectors have agreed upon a voluntary regulation, called the General Conditions of Contract.When insurance companies want to enter the Swedish construction insurance market, they face a regulatory framework that not only regulates the construction market, it also imposes requirements on terms and conditions that must be included in the construction insurance. These terms are perceived as ambiguities and create difficulties and inhibit the ability for these insurance companies to offer competitive insurances. One of the terms that create these difficulties is the guarantee period, which is period of time starting from handing over the construction project to the employer, during this period the contractor still has the responsibility for the construction project. The guarantee period regulated by the General Condition of Contracts differs from the international use of the term both in length and in content.