Syfte: Syftet med uppsatsen är att ta reda på hur lärare resonerar kring vad som påverkar elevers och lärares motivation och om det finns några likheter mellan det som lärarna uttrycker betydelsefullt på elevnivå och lärarnivå. Arbetet försöker också söka svar på vad lärarna uttrycker att skolledare har för betydelse i sammanhanget och i så fall på vilka sätt ledaren har betydelse.Teori: Arbetet handlar om forskning med anknytning till begreppen motivation, lärande, ledarskap och skolutveckling. Olika ledarskapsteorier lyfts fram med fokus på kollegialt lärande och distribuerat ledarskap. Uppsatsen skriven ur ett school-improvement perspektiv. Metod: Studien är en ett kvalitativt arbete och bygger på fem halvstrukturerade fokusgruppsintervjuer med totalt 20 lärare på olika enheter.

Vattenfall AB is a large producer of electric energy where approximately half of the energy comes from hydropower. Vattenfall Hydropower has got almost a 100-year old history and the company has developed a lot since 1909. After that the number of power plants increased and the competition got more intense, there were higher demands on the reliability. One way to secure the reliability with a good satisfaction at the power plants is to implement a maintenance method named Reliability-Centred Maintenance. RCM is a result of the introduction of the complex aeroplane Boeing 747 in the 1960?s.

Since the nineties the words customer, effectiveness and quality have become part of everyday school life. Municipalities? makes regular customer surveys to measure both independent schools as municipal schools ' quality. A common method for customer research and background studies is that parents and students are asked to respond to simple Web-based surveys. Customer satisfaction and/or customer dissatisfaction options are presented in tabular form, based on the percentage that expresses a particular position within a query.

ABSTRACT. Introduction: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a retrovirus which occurs worldwide and spreads between humans mainly through sex, from mother to child, blood and blood products and between injecting drug users. After been infected with HIV for a couple of years the final stage of the infection progress into Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), and there is no cure or vaccine, only medication that delays the development of the disease. Objective: The aim of this thesis is to examine the preventive work against HIV in Sweden, the groups at risk for getting infected and to highlight sexual attitudes and behaviours among adolescents and young adults. Method: A literature based study method was used and the material is based on scientific articles and reports from active actors within the field of HIV prevention.

Umeå University currently uses two Course Management System, Moodle and Sakai (Cambro). Both Moodle and Sakai are based on open source code and are today the two more popular choices among Swedish Universities. They both have different strengths and weaknesses both from a technical perspective and a user perspective. This can create problems for a course responsible/teacher when it comes to planning the course structure at a distance course but also when planning the course structure on a campus course that uses a Course Management System. With this as my starting point my formulations of questions become:How do the Course Management Systems that Umeå University uses differs, both from a technical perspective and user perspective?What possibilities is there in the Course Management Systems to use a different Course Structure?Is there a noticeable difference on the view of Course Management System of teachers and students at different departments?The purpose with my essay is to create a basis that course responsible/teacher can use to plan the course structure.

I retailbranschen krävs ett fokus på detaljer, och med snabba förändringar som en dominerande faktor, behöver dessa detaljer ständigt kvalitetsförbättras. I den allt hårdnande konkurrensen behövs ledare och medarbetare som ständigt tänker på organisationens behov. Problemet för detaljhandelns centraliserade butikskedjor kan vara att lyckas förankra förändring och kvalitetsförbättring för butiken i alla delar av företaget. Uppsatsen underbyggs av ett antagande att ett större fokus krävs på en initial fas i kvalitetsarbetet som vi har benämnt identifieringsfasen. Uppsatsens har ett ledningsperspektiv och syftet är att se hur retailföretag interorganisatoriskt kan bli bättre på att identifiera problem och tillvarata idéer i butiken, för att kontinuerligt kunna kvalitetsförbättra för hela butikskedjan.

SammanfattningBakgrund: Idag närvarar pappor vid det akuta omhändertagandet av sitt barn och har en viktig roll i det nyfödda barnets vård. Närhet mellan föräldrar och barn är avgörande för välbefinnande, anknytning och bindning. Syfte: Syftet med undersökningen var att beskriva vad pappor upplever vid akut omhändertagande av sitt nyfödda barn. Metod: Tio pappor till nyfödda barn, där barnen i direkt anslutning till födseln krävt akut omhändertagande och inläggning på neonatalavdelning, har intervjuats. Intervjuerna har bearbetats med hjälp av kvalitativ innehållsanalys.

This essay discusses the Laholm?s bay and its eutrofication problems. The question of issue is: Have the efforts to limit the eutrofication in the Laholm?s bay been effective? What is the local actor?s opinion whether the measures have been effective or not? What efforts have been made to prevent the leakage of nutrients from fields and forestland? The Laholm's bay is located in the south part of the Swedish west coast. The problem was noticed in the 1960´s by local fishermen that experienced a lack of catch.

On children born with a complete cleft lip and palate (CLP) the repair of the alveolar ridge doesn´t take place before the children are about ten years old. This results in that they have a residual cleft in the alveolar ridge during their early childhood. This residual cleft, and the oronasal fistulas that may appear after the repair of the hard palate, can result in a negative influence on the speech of the children. Thereby it may be necessary with cover for examplewith a palatal plate or an obturator. At the Department of Orthodontics, at Linköping University Hospital, Sweden, some of the children with CLP undergo treatment with sustained palatal fistula obturation in order to cover fistulas or residual clefts.

The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the regulatory power, efficiency and impact of export control on Swedish arms export from the 1980s onwards, linked to the delegation of authority of permit license to the Inspectorate of Strategic Products in 1997. An increase in the administrative sector, based on a collective decision making process and established criteria and guidelines, aimed to strengthen the control of arms export to non-democratic and problematic states. In short, the aim of the study is to investigate and analyze whether there was a decrease in the arms export to problematic states or not. On one hand, it is reasonable to assume that the introduction of the new regulation entailed a more strict arms export policy. However, previous research has showed that regulations are sometimes not effective since incentives to breach these may be present.The study begins by examining the Swedish case and situation in terms of arms manufacturing and export, as well as the delegation of authority and legislation applied to the field over time.

AIM: To investigate  newly graduated nurses opinions on their introduction and preceptorship at Akademiska Sjukhuset in Uppsala. METHOD: A descriptive cross-sectional study using qualitative and quantitative evaluations. Data was collected by a questionnaire containing open and closed questions. Totally 42 participants took part in the study. Data analysis was obtained using descriptive statistics, thematic analysis and content analysis.

Bakgrund: Enligt patientsäkerhetslagen 2010:659 ska vårdgivare årligen skriva en patientsäkerhetsberättelse. Granskning av 76 patientsäkerhetsberättelser i Stockholms läns landsting (SLL) visade bristande kunskap om hur den skrivs och bristfällig förståelse för patientsäkerhet, främst bland mindre vårdgivare. Hälso- och sjukvårdsadministratörer kunde inte besvara vårdgivarnas frågor om patientsäkerhetsberättelsen, varför ett förbättringsprojekt initierades för att skapa stödmaterial samt nyttiggöra patientsäkerhetsberättelsen. Syfte: Att belysa hur ett statligt styrinitiativ hanterades i praktiken i SLL och vilka erfarenheter som kunde knytas till praktikprojektet i hälso-och sjukvårdsadministrationen, hos vårdgivare och i interaktionen dem emellan samt om insatserna bidrog till ökad förståelse för patientsäkerhet. Metod: Studien var en deskriptiv fallstudie. Datainsamlingen bestod av intervjuer med vårdgivare och hälso-och sjukvårdsadministratörer och dokumentanalys. Analyserna var kvalitativ och kvantitativ innehållsanalys.

From the customer?s perspective the only reason for a firm to exist is the value it creates. However, a problem within manufacturing companies is that of the total lead time, only a small part can be considered as value adding. It has further been discovered that when working with improvements businesses often sub-optimizes single processes instead of considering what benefits the entire company. Thus, when improving processes and activities it is important to have knowledge about and understand which factors that affect how the flow can be designed.Several studies have been performed with a wide perspective on process flows in order to obtain a more resource-efficient and value added flow.

As a result of today`s competitive situation, the demand on the rapid development of research has increased. Both universities and companies are realizing the importance of a functioning and well-developed cooperation. A close collaboration and communication between universities and the business community has in many studies been shown to be very important for business development and knowledge transfer. The purose was to examine how communication and collaboration between universities and industry can be developed and strenghthen on the basis of innovative thinking. In order to initially identify the perceived problems the authors studied how communication and cooperation manifests itslelf today between the two parties, what does not work and how the existing tools for communication and collaboration look like today.

The idea for the project emerged when Nilorn wanted to get better control over their supplychain and improve operational efficiency. The company also want to reduce their expenses inthe continuous process of improving profitability. By choosing the right option oftransportation and mode of transport there are large potential savings for the company. Thisenables Nilorn to reduce the transportation costs and strengthen the environmentalresponsibilities by reducing their environmental impact.The flow of goods within Nilorn has over the past years increased significantly and most ofthe gods today is transported by air. The aim of this thesis is to analyse the supply chain of thecompany and evaluate the potential economic savings in this area.