In an environment, demanding both innovation and flexibility, higher requirements of competitiveness and productivity is a necessity. Changed conditions of today's working situations have resulted in an actualization of new ways and methods of working. This has contributed to a development of participating working processes in form of groups and teams. The purpose of these communal working processes is that they ought to result in an increased knowledge and understanding among the group members which in turns will generate positive results in the daily work. This drives the search for new knowledge and development possibilities to handle these changed working processes.

In this study emphasis was on pupils? expectations regarding beliefs and Conceptions of life among teachers within the school subject of religion. Additionally this study also concentrated on the consequences of teachers? beliefs on their legitimacy and teaching. The study?s method was qualitative including semi-structured interviews in two separate schools.

Postmodernism and neo-liberalism is often thought of as two opposite Conceptions of the reality and the world. This thesis takes on a critical view of this assertion and the main purpose was to perform a correlation between postmodernism and neo-liberalism. With different theoretical assumptions about constructions of thoughts, agency and structure and the welfare-state a theoretical framework was created. According to this framework the two isms were correlated to each other and the welfare-state to see if there where similarities or dissimilarities between the isms. The assumptions of this thesis are that there are correlations between postmodernism and neo-liberalism in the constructions of thoughts, namely similar view on epistemology.

The purpose of my study is to investigate teacher?s perceptions of their mission in the preschool class, and how they work to promote children?s written language development. What methods and working methods they use to awaken curiosity and motivate children to read and write. I am using the qualitative research method to get answers to my questions. I have made four qualitative interviews with four teachers in preschool classes from different schools.My questions are:What Conceptions does teachers have about their mission in a preschool class?What different methods and approaches does teachers use to stimulate and wake children?s curiosity for reading and writing development?The theoretical basis for my study is the socio-cultural perspective, where learning occurs in interaction.

This essay is about publishing on the Internet and aims to understand the differences between publishing information on the webpage Wikipedia (Swedish version) in contrast to other information pages on the Internet, for example blog, discussion pages, homepages etcetera. The study is based upon an article which described that 90% of the information publishers at Wikipedia belongs to a small elite of white, western, well educated men between the age of thirty to thirtythree. This study examines why people who does not belong to this heteronormativity publish information in other Internet places but not at Wikipedia.Wikipedia is an open source site, where anyone can publish and are even encouraged to do so and is often described as an utopian dream of the digital democracy, so why don´t people express themselves on Wikipedia? The method is based on two discussion groups, which are compared and analyzed. The study is based upon theoretical competence within feminist theory and Conceptions such as intersectionality, heteronormativity and digital divide as well as theories about digital devices and social order.

The purpose in this thesis is to explore the underlying Conceptions concerningeuropeanization and public administration that Statskontoret is expressing in itspublications. Statskontoret is an agency in the service of the Swedish State whichprovides the Government and the Ministries with investigations and surveys. Themethodological choice in this thesis is to perform an idea analysis containing twoideal types which correspond with two polar theories, transnationalism andnation-state logic, concerning how a state will react on increasing european-ization. Initially, the theoretical framework is presented, and is followed by apresentation of the content in the relevant publications of Statskontoret. The idealtypes and the publications are examined from six different dimensions with theambition to explore the underlying conception in the publications.

The purpose of the study was to learn how social structures can enable accessibility, by asking persons with visual impairment about their experiences of accessibility in the public environment in the city of Stockholm. Eleven adults with visual impairments, living in the city of Stockholm, were interviewed using two separate focus groups. The study was carried out with the objective to allow for the participants to be involved in the research process. The resulting data was analyzed on the basis of Nancy Fraser?s theory on social justice, focusing on the Conceptions; needs, politicised needs, redistribution, recognition and misrecognition.

During the autumn of 2007 I carried out an investigation within the bank and finance Sector. The aim of the investigation was to see how informal aspects could be understood in relation to equality within Bank AB? The main question was: Which are the obstacles and opportunities for equality within Bank AB? To answer the main question I asked the following questions to the material: Are there any gender related different within the organization? How are men and women represented within the internal magazine? Which are the Conceptions related to sex/gender within the organization? The investigation is based on a survey, the internal magazine was investigated and finally interviews took place. Throughout the investigation I used organization theory in a gender perspective. With the gender organization theory I examined concepts as structures, leadership, symbolism and changes associated with equality.

Syftet med studien är att undersöka elever med läs- och skrivsvårigheters skilda sätt att uppfatta användandet av talsyntes. Kvalitativa intervjuer har genomförts med nio elever i grundskolans årskurs tre till nio. Studien har utgått från en fenomenografisk ansats.I resultatet framkommer sex skilda uppfattningar om användandet av talsyntes. De sex kategorierna är: talsyntesen i användning, viktiga andra, autonomi och självständighet, lärande, delaktighet och förändring samt engagemang och attityd. Majoriteten av eleverna upplever användandet av talsyntes positivt.

The aim of the study was to explore the methods used in horticultural therapy gardens in rehabilitating people suffering from fatigue syndrome. Nine horticultural therapy gardens were contacted of wich three chose to participate. Using case study as method e-mail interviews was carried out with the participants about their establishment and what kind of theories they based their methods upon. The material collected from the interviews was complemented with additional data from the establishments web pages and information pamphlets. Collected data was processed trough content analysis and then formed as background for the development of a program theory for horticultural therapy.

The main purpose of this thesis is to investigate four children?s librarians? literature view and their collaboration with pre-schools. My main question at issue is ?What literature view do children?s librarians in this thesis have and how does this reflect their collaboration with pre-schools??. Another purpose is to study the canon process in relation to children?s libraries and pre-schools.

This examination paper is about educational drama and is implemented from a participant oriented perspective. The main purpose of this study is to find out what Conceptions and experiences the children actualize when participating in educational drama exercises. The reason why I choose to write about this subject was because of my own fascination and experiences of participating in drama exercises. On account of my further profession as a teacher, I want this study to take direction in school.The theoretical frame in this examination consists of literature that describes educational drama as a subject. I also present and discuss some earlier research in this area.

Syftet med studien är att jämföra och uppmärksamma om mängden mål och precisionen i målenskiljer sig åt mellan företag från olika länder och vad det i så fall kan tänkas bero på. Studiengranskar även hur rapporteringen påverkas av dubbelnoteringar. Studien genomförs viaordsökningar i årsredovisningar och granskar företag från USA och Storbritannien(anglosaxiska), samt företag från Frankrike, Nederländerna, Sverige och Tyskland(kontinentaleuropeiska). Utifrån tidigare forskning förväntas anglosaxiska företag rapportera flermål än kontinentaleuropeiska. Dubbelnoterade företag väntas rapportera fler mål änenkelnoterade.När alla mål mäts är skillnaderna i rapportering av mål mellan kontinentaleuropeiska ochanglosaxiska företag inte signifikanta, dock uppnås signifikans för de mer precisa (hårdare)målen.

The purpose of this thesis is to describe how principals apprehend the school library. In order to respond to this I formulated three questions: How was the improvement of the school libraries carried out in one municipality? Is the school library experienced as a part of the schools organization? How is the use of the school´s library experienced? To be able to answer these questions, for the purpose of this thesis, I have studied relevant literature on school libraries, the school organization and literature on qualitative methods. I have made six qualitative interviews. The objects of the interviews were three librarians and three principals.

Due to traditional beliefs about biological differences between the sexes, the sex ratio is abnormally uneven in northern parts of India. There is a combination of old methods like female infanticide and new technologies, which make selective abortion possible. The strong practices of dowry transform daughters to economical burdens to their parents. They face mortal danger before, at and after birth. With rapid economical progress and advanced technology, India is a country in progress.