The purpose of this study was to examine how some young mothers, who previously have been in foster care or residential care, describe the way motherhood has affected their lives and identities. Narrative interviews were conducted with three teenage mothers and one mother aged 23. As tools for analyzing the narratives, theories about narrative psychology and how people present themselves through story-telling and language were used. The results of the study show that becoming a mother was life-changing in a positive way, according to the young mothers. They described how they, since becoming mothers, had become more mature and now lived less risk-full lives.

Det primära syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att beskriva hur cancerrelaterad malnutrition uppkom och hur kroppen påverkades. Vidare syftade studien till att beskriva hur patienterna upplevde nutritionsproblemen och dess konsekvenser. Studien syftade även till att beskriva hur patienternas livskvalitet påverkades av nutritionsproblemen, samt vilka åtgärder sjukvårdspersonalen kunde vidta för att förbättra nutritionen hos patienter med cancer. Artikelsökningen har skett via databaserna Elin@Dalarna, Blackwell Synergy och EBSCO Host. Sökorden som användes var cancer, healthcare, nutrition, malnutrition, nurse, nursing, quality of life och experiences.

The purpose of this study is to examin the depiction of culturalmeetings in history books in relatioon to the schoolguidelines, and how and why the description may have changed over time. To achieve this, a qualitative method was used to analyze the content of cultural meetings in Swedish schoolbooks after the World War II. The material used in the study was taken from eight editions of Alla tiders historia published between 1985-2011. The material was then put together and analyzed from the theoretical perspectives, which try to explain the factors that influenced the depiction of the texts.The results of this study shows, that over time, the school guidelines have incresed their focus on human value and the need for students to interact with people from other cultures. The depictions in the history books lives upp to the demands of the school guidelines, but this study shows that the main influence of the content of the book is the social context.

Abstract          Background: End of life is difficult to establish in patients with dementia and many patients die due to complications related to the disease. To document that care are palliative in this group of patients is not common among nurses and physicians. This may depend on that the palliative course is extended and not similar to the palliative course common among patients with cancer. Aim: To describe how the registered staff in nursing homes document the care of persons with dementia in a late palliative phase. Method: A retrospective record study with a deductive approach.

The western societies is characterized by a strong future concern and the members of the society are valued most of all according to their capability to produce. In our time the elder ness is representing a rapidly increasing number of relatively well kept elders. What sight of the future does the aging human have? Are one meditating of what kind of service and care one are going to need? The purpose with this study was to describe how individuals in ages between 60 and 96 sees, both the future and their coming need for care in relation to sex, age, social activities and experienced health. The material was taken from ?SNAC-Blekinge? witch is a part of a bigger national study; SNAC (The Swedish National study on Aging and Care).

Stroke is one of the most common diseases in Sweden and the third most common cause of death (National guidelines concerning stroke, 2000). Dysphagia is a common problem for stroke patients with almost 50 percent of patients suffering from severe swallowing dysfunction (Axelsson, Asplund, Norberg & Eriksson, 1989). The purpose of this study was to investigate how stroke patients with dysphagia experience their swallowing disorders. The method used was a qualitative literature study. An analysis of content was carried out using ideas and inspiration from Graneheim and Lundman (2003).

Sahlgrenska Academy at University of GothenburgDepartment of Clinical NutritionAbstractTitle: The effect of nutritional treatment on functional recovery after stroke, a systematic reviewAuthor: Ingrid Blankenau and Amanda LindbladSupervisor: AnneMarie GrönbergExaminer: Anna WinkvistProgramme: Dietician study programme, 180/240 ECTS Type of paper: Examination paper, 15 hpDate: April 13, 2011Background: Every year 30 000 people in Sweden suffer from stroke. This costs society about twelve billion SEK. Many stroke survivors experience functional impairment which may lead to difficulties for them to meet their nutritional needs. Nutritional treatment is important in the recovery process after stroke as malnutrition increases the risk of complications.Objective: To investigate the possible effect of nutritional treatment on functional recovery after stroke.Search strategy: The search was conducted in the databases PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane by using the English keywords stroke, nutrition, rehabilitation, functional outcome, recovery, acute stroke, ischemic stroke, ischemic acute stroke, nutrition therapy, brain hemorrhage, functional recovery and nutritional rehabilitation.Selection criteria: Studies published before 2001 conducted on human subjects who suffer from stroke where they measured functional capacity and did a nutritional intervention, written in English, Swedish or Norwegian, and did not have to be requested from the library.Data collection and analysis: A systematic search was performed in PubMed. Studies which had an interesting heading were examined and abstract read.

The purpose of this essay is to investigate which components previous scientific studies suggest that an efficient treatment for adolescents with behavioural problems should contain. For this purpose, an extensive review of scientific research conducted in Scandinavia has been read and will be presented in this essay. This essay also present an introduction to residential care in Sweden as well as to an alternative form of treatment for adolescents with behavioural problems called Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care (MTFC). The result of this essay suggest that treatment of adolescents with behavioural problems should be based on the emphasis of risk/resilience factors of the youth and that the treatment should be adapted to the youth?s individual personality and way of learning.

This is a study about children?s welfare and the Child Care Board way of working in Malmö city. We decided to make this a narrative and document analyses where the main focus have been the interactions between human beings, which means everything from the interaction between parents and child as well as the interaction between families and society.We wanted to investigate any possible alterations within the working system between 1931?1940. Our analysis showed that there hasn?t been a big change with the Swedish legislation.

The proponents for conscience wants to get a clause that will allow the health professionals to due. scruples waive certain duties. Swedens decision makers has despite pressure from the Christian De-mocrats and the Sweden Democrats decided not to implement freedom of conscience in health care. The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether Sweden has the obligation to provide for freedom of conscience in health care. Furthermore, it must be examined, whose rights according to the law will go first, health professionals right to freedom of conscience or the patient right to equal treat-ment.

SammanfattningDetta arbete tar upp de viktigaste fysiologiska förändringarna hos den åldrande hästen, hur dessa påverkar hästens beteende och behov, och hur det i sin tur påverkar den omvårdnad hästen har behov av. Sjukdomar som i större utsträckning drabbar äldre hästar än yngre tas upp, och fokus ligger främst på att så långt det är möjligt förebygga dessa. I de fall detta inte är möjligt ligger fokus på att göra livet för den sjuka hästen så symtomfritt som möjligt. Den åldrande hästens näringsbehov tas upp, samt hur detta kan påverkas av olika sjukdomar. Med åldrande hästar menas i detta arbete hästar i åldern 20 år och uppåt.SummaryTreating older horses for illness and injury becomes more and more common.

Bedömning av smärta hos icke kommunicerbara patienter är en utmaning för intensivvårdssjuksköterskan. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur sjuksköterskor uppger att de bedömer smärta hos denna patientgrupp. En deskriptiv och jämförande tvärsnittsstudie gjordes med hjälp av en webbaserad enkät. Enkäten distribuerades till alla kliniskt verksamma intensivvårdssjuksköterskor (n=96, svarsfrekvens 75%) på två intensivvårdsavdelningar på Akademiska sjukhuset i Uppsala.De smärtparametrar som sjuksköterskorna ansåg viktigast var pulsstegring, blodtrycksstegring och mimik/ansiktsuttryck. Påbyggnadsutbildning eller uppdrag inom smärtområdet hade ingen signifikant betydelse för vilka smärtparametrar sjuksköterskorna uppgav som viktigast.

AbstractConcrete foundation slabs are usually exposed to unilateral drying during the curing process. The unilateral drying causes an axial shrinkage and a concave curvature of the construction. The curvature results from the fact that the upper part of the slab is drying and shrinking faster than the lower part. This is called gradient shrinkage.A problem occurs when the slab is considered fully restrained by adjoining structural parts. The deformations caused by axial contraction due to the constant part of the shrinkage and the curvature caused by gradient shrinkage of the slab are then prevented by the fact that the slab is fully restrained.

INTRODUCTION: Research from both nurse and patient perspective highlights shortcomings in psychiatric inpatient care for people with Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI). Nursing for people with NSSI, a subject in need for further knowledge, is in this study examined through a theoretical framework based on Person-Centered Nursing and Patientology AIM: Based on people's own experiences of being cared for NSSI in psychiatric inpatient care, the aim is to elucidate development opportunities for the nursing care of this group of patients.METHOD: Seven informants, all women aged 25-31, were interviewed about their experiences of nursing in psychiatric inpatient care. The transcribed text was analyzed and categorized according to an existential hermeneutic research approach.RESULTS: The categorization of the interviews resulted in seven areas of nursing in need of development. Knowledge, Environment, Information, Routines, Involvement, Communication and The nurse?s actions.CONCLUSION: Development of nursing is prevented since NSSI is stigmatized within psychiatric inpatient care.

INLEDNINGIntensivvårdsmiljön är en komplex och avancerad miljö där svårt sjuka patienter vårdas. Det är även denna patientgrupp som har störst risk att drabbas av en vårdskada, både pga. sitt tillstånd och för att de utsätts för avancerad vård och behandling i en högteknologisk miljö. I Kompetensbeskrivningen för intensivvårdssjuksköterskor påpekas att då miljön blir mera teknisk och avancerad krävs aktivt arbete för att uppnå patientsäkerhet. Socialstyrelsens statistik avseende vårdskador inom den somatiska hälso- och sjukvården visar att vårdskador är vanligt förekommande.