Parenteral nutrition inom palliativ vård kan vara både livsnödvändig och livsförlängande för vissa patienter, men värdet är ofta debatterat. Distriktssköterskan ansvarar för och har en central roll i den palliativa omvårdnaden av patienten i hemmet och rollen omfattar symtomlindring, samordning, information samt socialt och emotionellt stöd för patienten och dennes familj. Syftet med denna studie var att beskriva distriktssköterskors upplevelser av att vårda patienter med parenteral nutrition i palliativ vård. Tolv distriktssköterskor från primärvården i norra Sverige deltog i studien. Data samlades in med semistrukturerade intervjuer och analyserades med tematisk innehållsanalys.

The aim of this littrature review has been to describe how you can satisfy the need of nourishment for older people who suffer from dementia. Data has been retrieved by searches in Academic Search Elite, Sience Direct, Blackwell, PubMed and in the Journal Vård i Norden. The studies show that most of the people with dementia have a hard time to satisfy the nourishment. The results show that through different preventive measurement you can improve the nourishment for these people, to set the table, play calm music and to have a table companion. By taking the food oneself created a good meal environment and the individually need was provided for.

Background: Home health care means that patients receive care in their home. Äldrevårdsenheten in Uppsala County treats people, over 65 years, in the patient's home and because of the fact that the quality of care from the patient´s perspective not have been studied previously, this study as part of the quality control of the business.Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate how patients, and family members, who receive care within the Äldrevårdsenheten in Uppsala County experiencing the care provided in the home.Method: Interview study with qualitative analysis.Results: Patients who are cared for within the Elderly Care Unit in Uppsala County Council has a positive experience of home care. Being cared for in the home creates a sense of security and calm in the patients rather than the stress and fear of long waits in the emergency department and planning advice from medical appointments . In contrast, perceived lack of physicians in home care and accessibility to health care staff.Conclusion: In general, patients in the Elderly Care Unit in Uppsala County Council very pleased with the opportunity to the treatment they received at home. However, there are some weaknesses that need improvement. .

Äldre personer riskerar i stor utsträckning att drabbas av undernäring och sjuksköterskor har en viktig uppgift i nutritionsarbetet kring dessa personer. Studiens syfte var att mäta attityder till äldres ätande och näringstillstånd. Det validerade instrumentet Staff Attitudes to Nutritional Nursing Care Geriatric scale (SANN-G-skalan) användes. I urvalet ingick sjuksköterskor på särskilt boende och korttidsboende i två kommuner. Två påståenden som handlade om kostpolicy och utbildning i nutrition lades till i enkäten, med möjlighet att lämna kommentar.

 Abstract The purpose with this study is to study the individual setting of salary rates among branch heads. We have chosen to look deeper into which criteria that are the base for the branch heads? individual setting of wage rates within geriatric care and the care of disabled people. One other aspect we have looked into is how the setting of salary rates appears from a gender perspective. The empirical material in our thesis consists of both qualitative and quantitative methods in the shape of a questionnaire study and three open interviews.

In 2014 came new guidelines for after-school centers. These guidelines clarifies that it is the principal who is pedagogically responsible for the after-school centers. Due to that fact we became interested in investigating how principals describe their educational leadership for after-school centers. With qualitative interviews as a method we have investigated how four principals describe their educational leadership for the after-school center based on the new guidelines and how they talk about their employees and the after-school centers. Our results are based on the empirical material we received from these interviews. By analyzing this empirical material, based on the theory of situational leadership, we received answers to our research questions. .

Aim Our aim is to highlight perceptions of fibromyalgia among health care personell.MethodsA systematic literature review conducted with a deductive approach.FindingsHealth care personell felt insecure because of a lack of understanding which lead to avoiding contact with these patients. Many felt that the fibromyalgia patient was categorised and that they would have been better served with another name of their disease. There was a great distrust against the diagnosis and its aetiology. The patient was perceived as troublesome, illness-fixated and draining the personell of energy. The paradox that the patient is looking so healthy but bearing so much pain was confusing for the health care personell.Conclusions Communication and an empathic encounter was identified as important elements for patient care.

ABSTRACTBackground: The incidence of type 2 diabetes is increasing worldwide. Early intervention in form of medication, advice on self-management and lifestyle changes is necessary to avoid complications. Few Swedish studies are made on the diabetes nurse?s views on promotion of self- management.Purpose: To examine the diabetes specialist nurse?s experience of promoting self-management to patients with type 2 diabetes in primary care.  Method: A qualitative explorative study where eight diabetes nurses were interviewed. The interview guide consisted of semistructed questions concerning the promotion of self-management.Results: The diabetes nurse?s role in promoting patient self-management is significant, if resources are available in the form of adequate time for the patient and good team work.

The aim with this study was to examine what it is that govern the way that municipalities develop the non-institutional care for youth. An extensive development of non-institutional care for children is a visible trend in municipal social service and probable reasons for this development are, among other things, research that show inadequate results of the institution care and economy. Our main questions at issue were how the municipalities argue the priorities that have been done within their youth care services with regard to the non-institutional care and how they reason considering this? Furthermore we asked why the municipalities have chosen to develop their non-institutional care for youth the way they have and on what grounds they make their choices? This study consists of eight qualitative interviews with politicians and employees in four different municipals along with analysis of relevant documents. We have found that what governs the way that municipalities develop the non-institutional care for youth has to do with that the municipalities found it vital to find alternative solutions to the expensive and ineffective institutional care, that they comprehend that the quality of non-institutional care are higher then of the institutional care and that the non- institutional care is seen as more effective with regards to economic results and achieved treatment results.

The cat has become a popular pet. To secure a prosperous cat-human relationship, the cat owner has to understand what kind of animal the cat is and what requirements need to be fulfilled. The purpose of this literature review is to summarize kittens? needs of socialization, anthelmintics, nutrition, vaccination and gonadectomy, until the age of six months and to give the cat owner information on how to care for the cat during this period. Articles were search for in ScienceDirect, Primo and Scopus.

This master thesis is an analysis of how the amount of health centers per inhabitant has changed since the Swedish government implemented a new health care reform in 2010. The reform implies a free choice of health centers in the Swedish regions and opens up the market for private firms. The purpose of the thesis is to study the effects of the different financing systems toward the health centers in the regions. The models are based on theories of the need of health care. Two of the independent variables which are studied are income and age.

Nosokomiala infektioner förekommer världen över och är en stor orsak till sjukdomar och dödlighet. Även i Sverige är nosokomiala infektioner ett problem, både på sjukhus och i andra vårdformer. Basala hygienrutiner är den viktigaste åtgärden för att förebygga uppkomst av infektionssjukdomar.  Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka och jämföra hemtjänstens undersköterskor och vårdbiträden, gällande deras kunskaper och följsamhet till basala hygienrutiner, samt deras kunskaper angående den vanligaste smittvägen inom vården. Datainsamlingen gjordes med en enkät som innehöll 22 frågor. Fyra hemtjänstgrupper ingick i studien, där totalt 66 vårdbiträden och 30 undersköterskor inkluderades.

Vården som utförs på intensivvårdsavdelningar präglas av övervakningsutrustning vilket kan medföra svårigheter för de närstående att komma nära den som vårdas. De gånger när livsuppehållande behandling inte räcker till tar vården en annan riktning och övergår till palliativ vård på IVA. Som omvårdnadsansvarig för patienten befinner sig intensivvårdsjuksköterskan ofta nära de närstående. För att kunna främja mötet med närstående behövs en förmåga att kunna sätta sig in i de närståendes livsvärld. Studiens syfte var att belysa intensivvårdssjuksköterskans upplevelse av att möta närstående till patienter där livsuppehållande behandling avvecklats och övergår till palliativ vård på IVA.

The Swedish and the Finnish compulsory care legislation that regards abusers differ in several ways. The arguments for compulsory care and for the time which one will receive compulsory care are dissimilar. The aim of this thesis is to describe and analyse which arguments for compulsory care and the length of the care time that has been expressed in the Swedish and the Finnish laws and in the statutes. The tools were an argumentation analysis, which is a form of qualitative text analysis method, combined with a hermeneutic scientific position. We have investigated the arguments that try to justify compulsory care and the care time that has been expressed in the laws and the statutes.

60 million years ago the horse was the size of a small dog, and walked on four toes. Today it can weigh up to 500-1000 kg and has evolved to walking on only one phalanx. The anatomy of the horses? legs and hooves allow them to run at high speeds, and at the same time enables them to bear the extremely high concussions applied to the foot at high speeds or jumps. Every horse owner has his or her own opinion on how to manage their horses? hooves, and whether the horse should be shod or unshod. The knowledge, commitment and attention of the owner determine the quality of the hoof care, but also the time between the arising of symptoms of abnormalities of the hoof until care is sought with a farrier or veterinarian. New laws will be applied at the beginning of 2015 which bring on changes in authorization for farriers.