År 2010 verkställdes det politiska beslutet om att låta värnplikten vila och satsa på ett anställt försvar och istället infördes frivillig militär utbildning i form av Grundläggande militär utbildning. Regeringen anser att ungdomsverksamheterna, vilka bedrivs av frivilligorganisationer som exempelvis Sjövärnskåren, är en viktig del i rekryteringen till Försvarsmakten.Syftet med uppsatsen är att ta reda på om Sjövärnskåren skapar attraktionskraft för Försvarsmakten och i vilken utsträckning det motiverar ungdomar till att söka vidare till GMU och den nu vilande värnplikten.Denna uppsats baseras på en kvantitativ metod i form av ett frågeformulär, baserat på Herzbergs tvåfaktorsteori samt Hackman och Oldhams modell. Enkäten gick ut till 47 personer med bakgrund i Sjövärnskåren och som påbörjat Grundläggande militär utbildning, Specialistofficersutbildningen eller Officersprogrammet mellan åren 2010 och 2013.Enligt denna undersökning har Sjövärnskåren gjort Försvarsmakten attraktiv för ungdomarna som gått på sommarskolorna. Framförallt har detta skett genom att befälen på sommarskolorna föregått med bra exempel som ledare och representanter för Försvarsmakten.En slutsats som har dragits är att Sjövärnskåren nog kan anses som en bra rekryteringsgrund där det militära livet får testas på och utvärderas, samt leder till motiverade och engagerade rekryter..

The object of this explorative theoretical study is to compare similarities in three perspectives for evaluation of credibility. The perspectives are the historical method source-criticism, cognitive authority and domain analysis. These perspectives, regarded as intellectual tools for critical thinking in a process of information seeking, by asking questions about credibility related to the social and theoretical context of the intellectual background, can give support in articulating which documents that gives a specific and essential answer to a question. In this sense credibility is seen as a qualitative aspect of relevance. Patrick Wilson argues that we can attain some critical independence towards cognitive authorities and the literature by investigating the social and theoretical topography of a field.

Crossfit is a recently developed form of training which is based on a number of functional resistance exercises performed at high intensity, often to the point of muscular failure. Crossfit has since its introduction 30 years ago, reached vast popularity all around the world, including Sweden. Its practitioners considers Crossfit to be an effective training method for achieving a functional and total trained physique thru improvements in VO2max, muscle strength, endurance, balance and speed. Few scientific studies has been published in the subject which is why this study sets out to examine the effect of Crossfit on VO2max (measured with Åstrands submaximal cyclingtest), maximal strength capacity in lower- and upper body muscles (measured with 1 RM tests in bench press and leg press), rapid strength capacity and strength endurance capacity in upper body muscles (measured with push-up test in 30 seconds) and explosive strength capacity in lower body muscles (measured with sergeant jump test). Five women with an average of 33(±5) years of age all new to Crossfit, performed these tests at two separate occasions with a training period of four weeks consisting of 12(±3,67) Crossfit sessions in between.The result showed a significant improvement in the maximal strength capacity of the leg extension muscles (p=0,025).

För att utvärdera en metod för tillämpad kognitiv uppgiftsanalys, ACTA (Applied Cognitive Task Analysis), har anställda på Saab AB genomfört ACTA genom att intervjua flygförare. ACTA består av tre intervjutekniker och skapades av Klein Associates Inc. ACTA är en metod som kan användas i tillämpade sammanhang för att ta fram aspekter av experters beslutsfattande. Denna rapport redovisar en utvärdering av CDT (Cognitive Demands Table), vilket är tabeller över kognitiva krav sammanställda av datamängden insamlad i intervjuerna. Utvärderingens syfte var att avgöra huruvida praktiker kan sammanställa en CDT med högt innehåll av kognitiva poster.

Aim and questionsThe purpose for this study was to investigate how marks and mark settings are formed in physical training at some compulsory schools. We also wanted to see how the criteria for marks are formed. These were the main questions during this study.? How do the students find the evaluation and the making in physical training?? Are there differences between different student groups when it comes to their experience around estimation and marking in physical training? (gender, marks, schools etc.)? How do the teachers motivate their marking in physical training?? Are there any differences between the criteria for marking between different schools?MethodThe study was carried out during the spring 2005 at eight schools in a municipality in the middle of Sweden. The study involved 339 students opinion polls and 12 teacher opinion polls.

In the debate on laying hen welfare, and specifically housing conditions, the main focushas been on physiological and behavioural measures. What is lacking is knowledge of howthe hen experiences the situation ? her state of mind.This study is an attempt to gain insight into the private mental states of former batteryhens. It uses a cognitive bias method based on spatial judgement, i.e. judgement of aambiguous stimulus placed spatially in between a reinforced and an unreinforced stimulus.This method has previously shown differences in judgement by animals in enriched versuspoor housing.

This study focuses the gendered relations of the Military Academy of Karlberg. More specific the study is investigating the experiences among young women and men cadets of suppression techniques. The purpose of the study is to get more knowledge about the work climate and suppression techniques at the officers? training program 2007/2010. The research questions employed for the study were:- Do the women and men officer students/cadets have any experiences of master suppressiontechniques at the officers? training program?- What kind of master suppression techniques occur at the officer?s training program?- What kind of master suppression techniques do women experience?- What kind of master suppression techniques do men experience?The study is a survey and data were retrieved by a questionnaire sent out to the participants.

Fysisk träning för barn har alltid varit ett kontroversiellt ämne som berör såväl etiska och fysiologiska som medicinska frågor. Styrketräning är den form av träning som ställer dessa frågor på sin spets. De svenska officiella organen Idrottens Forskningsråd (IFR) och Riksidrottsförbundet (RF) har genom åren lagt fram rekommendationer och riktlinjer som ska fungera som underlag vid utformning av den träningsverksamhet som bedrivs i idrottens föreningsliv. Eftersom forskningsrön har förändrats i takt med forskningsframsteg har också rekommendationer och riktlinjer från officiellt håll varierat över tid. Syftet med föreliggande studie var att undersöka om fotbollsledare har kännedom om de senaste rekommendationerna vad gäller styrketräning för barn.

Sweden is the country that has got the largest amount of elderly in the adult population in the world. The physical activity level decreases as we grow old and we experience muscle mass loss and a bone density reduction. This leads to an increased risk for falls and subsequent fractures. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether an exercise program could affect muscle function and balance ability to prevent falls. 17 women (age 64-79) participated in this study and was assigned to a control group (n=7) and an intervention group (n=10).

Preschool belongs to Lpo-94. School readiness can interprets in different kind of aspects, then you can not found any goals to reach in Lpo- 94 for the pre-school, which preschool teachers can relay to. There are comprehensive goals for the nine-year school in Lpo- 94, about which knowledge the student should have for the fifth grade. Purpose of the studie is to examine preschool teachers understanding of the phenomenon school readiness. Qualitative interviews by preschool teachers in south and middle of Sweden has been carried out and a hermeneutic analyse has been used for a deeper understanding of pre-school teachers interprets of school readiness.

AbstractTitle: The effect of caffeine on performance during resistance training ?A systematic overviewAuthor: Amanda Jonsson and Erica BenderSupervisor: Mette AxelsenExaminer: Anna WinkvistProgramme: Dietician study programme, 180/240 ECTSType of paper: Examination paper, 15 hpDate: 2015-03-31Background: Products with high content of caffeine has in recent years become popular for optimizing physical performance. Caffeine affects mechanisms in our body which can be beneficial to perform better during exercise, but the theories have not yet been systematically reviewed.Objective: The purpose of this review article, is to examine the acute effect of caffeine intake before strength training on athletic performance with the outcome muscle endurance.Search strategy: A systematic literature search in databases PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane using keywords: ?Caffeine?, ?strength?, ?muscle?, "resistance training", "muscle strength", "strength training", "athletic performance", ?repetitions to failure?, ?muscular endurance? and ?endurance training?.Selection criteria: Healthy subjects, 16-50 years old, with experience in strength training. Studies with a caffeine intake > 5 mg/kg body weight, which participants performed dynamic strength exercises on a weight > 60% of their 1 RM.

ART, Aggression Replacement Training är en multimodal behandlingsmetod som bygger på tre samverkande komponenter. Dessa är: Interpersonell färdighetsträning där sociala färdigheter tränas, ilskekontrollträning som lär individen att handskas med sin ilska samt moralträningen som ska höja det moraliska resonerandet. 1987 började ART att användas på ungdomsvårdsskolor i USA, metoden har spridit sig och idag används ART inte enbart inom den institutionella vården utan allt mer i skolans värld.Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka vilket eller vilka teoretiska perspektiv på inlärning som metoden stödjer sig på och hur väl dessa stämmer överens med skolans styrdokument (Lpo 94). Studien är baserad på en kvalitativ textanalys av ART Aggression Replacement Training A Comprehensive Intervention for Youth, en bok av grundarna till metoden, samt skolans styrdokument (Lpo 94).Reultatet visar att ART vilar på flera olika teorier om inlärning, och att olika teorier finns representerade inom de olika komponenterna. I förhållande till Lpo 94 visar de delar jag analyserar på en överensstämmelse, även om någon punkt kan tolkas annorlunda..

This study aims to investigate how participants in a companys traineeprogram describe that the programmes educational tasks has prepared them for their future work. The study also examines how participants perceive that they have developed skills that are specifik to their profession and how they became part of a community. The following questions were formed to make it possible to investigate the purpose further; ?Do the participants feel that the interaction within the trainee group has promoted their learning??, ?How does the participants describe the training elements in relation to their development of competencies that they use in their professional role?? and ?How does the traineeprogram contribute to the participants becoming part of a community??. This was examined by taking part of what previous research has highlighted as important for learning and socialization in relation to traineeprograms.

The way man divides his thoughts and sorts them into different boxes, is a cognitive activity which works alike for every person. We split peoplesexterior attributes and characteristic qualities into stereotypes or prejudicemind patterns and treat them along those.This study examines through a qualitative method what twelve respondents (six women and six men) between the ages 16-21, think about ?intense? conceptions, which may show stereotype or prejudice ways of thinking. There spondents have been chosen regardless ethnic or economic background andare all enrolled in an upper secondary school located centrally in a Swedish big city.The purpose is to find out if there are any differences between how some young men and some young women spontaneously think in stereotypical orprejudice patterns. The result is interpreted on the basis of the social cognitive perspective and from out of theories about how people create schemes andprototypes to separate individuals and groups from each other.This study suggests that men more easily express their stereotypes and prejudice, while women more often seem to be careful with their stereotypes and prejudice, and end up redefining them.

Tidigare studier hänvisar till bristen av forskning som berör funktionell träning såsom corestärkande bålstabilitetsträning för att öka idrottslig prestation. Det är dessutom omdiskuterat om träning, som skapar instabilitet i anslutning till träningsövningar, förbättrar stabiliteten som i sin tur ska verka prestationshöjande. Den mest likvärda studie som har gjorts angående träningsprogram med slyngor för att stärka bålstabiliteten hos handbollsspelare med syfte att påvisa en prestationsökning i kasthastighet visar på signifikant effekt. Syftet med studien var att undersöka om ett sex veckors träningsprogram för bålstabilitet med träningsredskapet Func.Gym training bands gav en förbättrad kasthastighet hos manliga elithandbollsspelare.Två grupper användes i studien, en testgrupp bestående av sex testpersoner (n=6) med en medelålder på 22,3 år och en kontrollgrupp bestående av tre testpersoner (n=3) med en medelålder på 21 år. Alla subjekten var aktiva elithandbollslaget HK Drott. Träningsprogrammet innefattade sex olika övningar och genomfördes med hjälp av det funktionella träningsredskapet Func.Gym training bands.För att mäta kasthastigheten användes Casio EX-F1 EXILIM, inställning på höghastighet (hs) med 300 frames per second (fps).