AbstractIn my work on language development in preschool the purpose was to examine how and to what extent the pre-school supports children with special needs in their language development. Trough qualitative interviews with four preschool teachers, I wanted to see how they work with language development in preschool. In the study, Main questions asked in the inquiry :How do teachers and support children?s language development?What techniques, resources and tools available to facilitate language development? The conclusion that I made from my inquiry is that the primary language stimulation methods teachers use to encourage children?s language development are rhymes telling, books reading and song singing based on active selection of pieces that match the children?s maturity level.And how they are using different language stimulation techniques Karlstad model, TAKK (Signs of augmentative and alternative communication) and TRAS (Early registration of language development) to promote children?s language development. Keyword: Language development, language stimulation, treatment, communication, methods..

Background: Climate changes are a growing concern all over the world today. In June year 2006 the European Union accepted a new strategy for the Unions work against a sustainable development. The concept of taking consideration to all the aspects of an organisations/a company's activity is something that have been in focus during later years. Social and ethical aspects are in focus and questions regarding these aspects are more commonly included in the companies yearly reporting. A sustainability report is characterised by that it takes into account not only environmental aspects, like ordinary environmental reports, but also social and ethical aspects of a company's activity with it's surroundings.

Uppsatsens syfte var att utforska och definiera belting, den kontroversiella sångtekniken som kommit att bli allt mer vanlig och använd bland sångare, som ett resultat av ett ökat intresse och flöde av populärmusik i vårt samhälle. Syftet var också att studera hur denna teknik används av sångpedagoger i deras arbete. Denna kvalitativa undersökning är baserad på litteraturstudier inom röstfysiologi och röstens funktion, och specifika teorier angående belting. Den grundar sig även på intervjuer av sångpedagoger som använder belting i sitt vardagliga arbete, både som pedagoger och som sångare. Resultaten visar att belting kan ses som en röstfunktion eller som en utvidgning av det låga registret, eller som en blandning av båda.

Arbetet behandlar sättet att sjunga folkvisan från bondesamhället till modern tid. Mitt syfte är att ta reda på om sättet att sjunga folkvisan har förändrats genom åren, vidare vill jag undersöka hur folksången har förändrats och vad det beror på. Jag har intervjuat fem kvinnor som alla är verksamma folksångerskor, använt mig av litteraturstudium och lyssnat till arkivinspelningar. I mitt arbete har jag kommit fram till att folksången har förändrats under årens lopp. En skillnad som blev tydlig för mig är att sångarna förr generellt sjöng på ett mer osentimentalt sätt och att sångarna i dag ofta lägger större vikt vid att tolka texten och att de drillar mer idag.

By describing and analyzing a self made composition for the Swedish folk music instrument ?nyckelharpa? with emphasis on playing techique, dissonance treatment and interpretation questions are reflected upon regarding how dissonances and andvanced harmonical progressions are treated on a limited instrument such as ?nyckelharpa?. By emphasizing the traditional norm connected to the interpretation and instrumentation of traditional Swedish folk music (a traditon in which the nyckelharpa is included) and comparing the te- chniques connected to it with the recent composed material in a western classical context the possibilities and limitations in composition and interpretation are further investigated. Thus the musical experience and the documentation of the process of composing a concert for nyckelharpa provides a knowledge base for reflective analysis upon questions regarding interpretation, composition and dissonance treatment. This thesis also provides a brief summary of traditional playing and bowing technique as well as a short historical description of the Swedish traditional instrument ?nyckelharpa?..

Examensarbete, 15 poängi LärarutbildningenVårterminen 2008SAMMANFATTNING Antal sidor: 29Monika LidholmAv glädje bygger man musik - men räcker det?En undersökning om pedagogers medvetenhet om barns röstläge.Singing is an act of joy - plus a little know-how.Syftet med mitt examensarbete var att undersöka förskollärares kunskap om barns och vuxnas olika röstlägen samt hur de tillämpar denna kunskap i praktiken. Vidare syftar arbetet till att belysa relevant forskning inom området. Jag använde mig av en kvalitativ forskningsmetod med semistrukturerade intervjuer. Jag intervjuade åtta förskollärare på tre förskolor och läste även litteratur i ämnet.

Syftet med undersökningen är att få en uppfattning om vilka matematiska aktiviteter som genomförs och kan genomföras under sångstunder på förskolor i Sverige och om de genomförs på ett sätt så att barnen arbetar mot målen i läroplanen. Detta eftersom mycket forskning tyder på att mycket matematikinlärning kan ske under sångstunder/musiklektioner. Teori och forskning säger att musik kan utveckla matematiken hos barn på många olika sätt. Min metod var att observera en sångstund på tre förskolor i en kommun och därefter intervjua förskollärarna som höll i sångstunderna. Resultatet visade att lärarna använde en hel del matematik under sångstunderna som det är, några mer medvetna om det än andra. Det visades även att pedagogerna anser att matematiken passar bra ihop med musik. Jag kan se vilka matematiska och musikaliska aktiviteter som genomfördes. Min önskan är att pedagoger ska ge barnen mycket matematikkunskaper under en sångstund.

A question that is asked far to seldom is what it means to be a good leader. The answer is not all that simple. It is a comlex and multi-faceted question that varies between the values and what ethical perspective you choose to have. As the title indicates, this essay has one particular ethical-theoretical perspective in focus, virtue ethics. According to the virtue ethics perspective a good political leader is a virtuous leader.

This paper investigates the possibilities to construct automatized portfolios based on optimizations strategies that could outperform comparable indexes. The study is based on time-series of Swedish stocks dating from 1986 to 2006. In the research four different portfolio optimization techniques were studied. These were: the Classical Markowitz Approach, Mean-Absolute-Deviation, Minimum-Regret and Conditional Value-at-Risk of which the three latter are based on generated scenarios. The behaviour of these models was studied for different choices of parameters such as backward time-horizon and targeted average return.

Abstract The purpose of this essay is to compare in what way pedagogues in pre-school in comparison to pedagogues in school use music as an implement to stimulate children?s language development. The essay is built on qualitative written interviews on four pedagogues, two pre-school teachers and two class teachers, along with relevant literature concerning music in relation to language development.In the interviews it was shown that music is used in a greater extent by the pre-school teachers, compared to the class teachers. Activities containing elements of music is situated on a daily basis in preschool, where the two interviewed pre-school teacher?s works.

The purpose of this study is to explore the possibilities for children?s librarians to extend their competence in the area of reading promotion. The study is carried out within an ongoing reading promotion project directed towards small children from 0-7 years. The study aims to answer the following questions: How do children?s librarians develop new skills in a reading promotion project? How do children?s librarians view a broadening of the concept of reading and how does their approach affect which skills that are acknowledged?The study is mainly based on qualitative interviews with five children´s librarians who all participate in the project.

The classical age cities of Palenque and Tikal where ones great Mayan bastions with extraordinary architecture.  This architecture still fascinates modern archaeologies and historians alike. Still much of the architecture in the Mayan cities had the same style and function, but could diverse from town to town. This is the case of Palenque and Tikal. They share much of their buildings like temples, palaces and ball courts.

This essay seeks to analyze the consequences of modern information and communication technology for collective action within the framework of social movements. With references to the protests in Seattle 1999, the essay argues that the emergence of distributed collective action is closely related to the use of technology, for example cell phones and Internet. This distributed collective action can be characterized by its decentralized and self-organizing features, forming a global pattern emerging from local interactions. Whereas contemporary theories of collective action can be ´stretched´ to fit these aspects, they lack analytical tools to describe and analyze such systems. Further, their rejection of classical crowd theory is problematic, since it contains valuable insights.

During my studies to become a guitar builder at Carl Malmsten CTD, I have found an interest in the construction of the classical guitar. I am fascinated by the simplicity of its construction. A simplicity that becomes more complex when you start to study it in detail.In my final thesis I will not try to explain this complexity. The subject is to investigate two different principles regarding its construction. I would like to find out if the sayings concerning one of the principles will yield a guitar with greater ability to produce volume and projection.At a close distance the difference between the guitar?s volumes is not to speak of, but a significant difference can be seen regarding one of the guitars ability to project its sound.

Humanitarian intervention is a concept that generates several problems in our time. The idea of humanitarian intervention concerns the modern norms of sovereignty and noninterventional principals. It also concerns the conventional norm, which declares that states are not allowed to interfere in other states? internal affairs. The use of military force to implement humanitarian intervention is restricted according to international law.