Jag har i min uppsats undersökt hur förskoleklassens verksamhet jobbar skolförberedande utifrån lek genom observationer av förskoleklasser på kommunala skolor och Waldorfskolor. Jag har också samtalat med pedagoger i dessa förskoleklasser och genom dessa samtal med pedagogerna kommit fram till hur de ser på sin verksamhet gällande lek och vart de lägger sin fokus, vilka föreställningar de har om lek och hur de använder sig av denna i skolförberedande syfte.Min insamlade empiri analyserades utifrån vald teori och tidigare forskning. Genom analys av observationerna har jag kunnat se om pedagogernas syn på sin verksamhet besvarat de frågeställningar jag har.Jag kunde här tydligt så både likheter och skillnader mellan de olika förskoleklassernas verksamheter. Likheter så som att pedagogerna i förskoleklasserna är ense om att barnen står i fokus vilket man förstår av deras pedagogiska kunskap som kom fram under våra samtal. Men jag upptäckte också att vägen till kunskap låg på olika fokus där kommunala skolan fokuserade på kunskapen som sådan, med formella arbetspass i läroböcker medan förskoleklasser med Waldorfpedagogik var mer intresserade att få igång processer som leder till kunskap hos barnen genom att socialisera barnen genom fri lek..

The aim of this study is to describe how nature is portrayed in swedish poet and critic Aase Berg?s two earliest poetry collections, Hos rådjur (1997) and Mörk materia (1999), and how it relates to notions of humanity, culture and civilisation. The concept of ?nature? is problematized in a short survey of how it has been used by and critizised in ecocritical literary theory, which is used as the main theoretical framework for this survey, with an emphasis on selected theoretical concepts by Donna Haraway. As a methodological starting point, ?nature? is tentatively defined as ?that which does not let itself be subsumed under the human, culture or civilisation?, and this definition is contrasted with how the concepts are handled in the texts.The investigation shows that the relationship of nature to the human is a fundamental theme that provides a structure for both poetry collections.

As a result of global competition, companies within the automotive industry are required to improve their production systems to achieve sustainable and competitive production. To attain operational excellence, companies have adopted concepts like lean and World Class Manufacturing (WCM).In order to deliver, companies need to increase the availability and reliability of production equipment. This demands focus on both operational and strategic maintenance, and efficient equipment acquisition and management. The main objective of this thesis is to identify processes and success factors that are necessary for improved maintenance performance. By conducting a case study and by performing a literature review, the following has been studied: 1) how companies within the automotive industry work with maintenance and maintenance strategies, 2) implementation of maintenance strategies, and 3) new acquisition and spare parts management for maintenance. The results show that basic maintenance concepts and related terms are well defined in the literature.

The purpose of this thesis is to identify and analyse the view and consciousness of history present in essays written by Swedish high school students in 1877 and 1929. A theoretical framework was established in order to accomplish this, based on the theories of Peter Aronsson and Jörn Rüsen (through Lars Andersson Hult) that defines consciousness of history through a matrix that expresses a progression as well as a scaling complexity. Furthermore, the theories of Knut Kjelstadli and Magnus Hermansson Adler were adopted to establish two different types of view of history: one adhering to a view of history where groups and individuals are seen as integral to the progression of history, and the other explains historical process through more functional explanations, such as dependant on cultural and social structures.This framework erects ideal-types of different types of view and consciousness of history, and the thesis at hand strives to categorise the different kinds of view and consciousness of history found in the studied essays in accordance with these ideal-types through two different models based on the above mentioned theories.The findings presented here largely point to a view of history that is largely centered on an actor-oriented view of history, where individuals such as kings and generals are given a central position when historical events are being narrated, and is present in both 1877 and 1929, with some shifting nuances. As for the consciousness of history the lion part of the analysed texts can be seen adhering to a more traditional type of consciousness in 1877, although a slight shift can be seen towards a more complex type of consciousness in the texts from 1929..

The purpose of this Masters thesis is to examine the growth of the library in Vaggeryd. We have analysed how four factors influenced the library development during the years between 1862 and 1953. The four factors we have studied are development of society, collective actors, librarys economy and individual actors. We have worked with the following question: · How have the four factors: development of society, collective actors, librarys economy and individual actors, influenced the growth? We have focused on the changes that the industrialization brought on the society development, and on the growing of the non-governmental organisations.

Läroplan för det obligatoriska skolväsendet, fritidshemmet och förskoleklassen, (Lpo94) är tydlig i sin definition att en individanpassad undervisning ska tillämpas i skolan och att undervisningen ska utgå från den enskilde elevens behov. Då forskning pekar på att definitionen och innebörden av begreppet behov inte är tydlig fann vi det intressant att undersöka hur lärare definierar innebörden av begreppet individanpassad undervisning i år 1 med särskilt fokus på aspekten elevers behov. För att studera verksamma lärares resonemang kring detta valdes en kvalitativ metod med intervjuer som hjälpmedel för att samla in data. Det insamlade materialet har analyserats och därefter diskuterats med referens till forskning inom området. Resultatet visar att individanpassad undervisning ses som en förutsättningsfråga.

Hörselskadades riksförbund hävdar att en stor del av hörselskadade barn och ungdomar misslyckas i skolan idag. Det är vanligt förekommande att hörselskadade elever ska integreras i hörande klass. Trots detta finns det speciella hörselklasser för hörselskadade elever.Syftet med studien är att undersöka två hörselskadade elevers erfarenheter av att vara integrerade i hörande klass samt deras erfarenheter av skolsituationen i hörselklass. Fokus ligger på sociala- och lärandeaspekter. Studiens mål är att få fram positiva samt negativa konsekvenser för den hörselskadade eleven av att gå i de två skolformerna, så som de själva uttrycker det.Studien använder sig av livsberättelser som är en del av en narrativ metod.

Our society has become a society of knowledge. The answer to the question of how to reduce unemployment has become more and more unified: education. In this case, higher education, meaning college and university. With this disposition in our society, how does it affect the students? How does this change of society and our universities affect the students of these institutions? In this study we have chosen to examine the choices of students in universities in several Swedish cities.

The study is a qualitative textual analysis comparing how two newspapers fromSmåland reacted to Nazi Germany during the interwar period. The purpose of the studyis to illustrate how newspapers' political orientation may influence its content. Theexamined material is limited to letters to the editor, editorials and columns. The twopapers are of different political orientations, Smålänningen is bourgeois andKronobergaren is social democratic. The theoretical basis is founded in Klas Åmarksperspective on Sweden's position in the war, the so-called small state realistic paradigmand the moral perspective, as well all Kosellecks theory about the written word.

The overall aim of this thesis is to examine how Easy-to-Read information, used by governmental agencies, facilitates and limits the field of possibilities for the intended recipient, based on the information.This, in anera of e-government.The theoretical framework is based on two Foucauldian concepts governmentality and discourse analysis. Representatives from five Swedish governmental agencies have been interviewed and the results have been analyzed based on the following questions: (1) How do the representatives construct the category Easy-to-Read? (2) How do these representatives construct the recipients of Easy-to-Read? In order to broaden the understanding of Easy-to-Read, an important national level policy document, containing a summary of strategies and goals for e-government has also been analyzed based on the following questions: (3) How is the e-government constructed in the text? (4) How is the citizen constructed and positioned in the text? The collected material is analyzed using a discourse analysis inspired by Foucault.With the results from the interviews and the analyzis of the policy document, Easy-to-Read information has been discussed and examined as a technology to meet the needs of people with reading difficulties, putin an era of e-government.The findings of the study include the following: (1) The e-government is constructed as a service agency and the citizens are positioned as clients. Furthermore, the citizens are expected to participate digitally and be digitally competent. (2)Some of the representatives does not know, with certainty, to whom the texts are directed or if they are used.

AbstractPurpose/Aim: My study aims to analyse, using Pierre Bourdieu´s theory, whether the social background plays a significant part in the attitudes and use of Apples mp3-player iPod. The study also aims to determine whether it is possible to group the focus groups used in my study and iPod into Bourdieu´s model.Material/Method: The reference material used in this paper is mainly gathered from books concerning Pierre Bourdieu´s theories. I have also had four focus groups of two different characters, to study their attitudes towards Apples mp3-player iPod. I have then applied the results of the focus groups to Bourdieu´s theories and models concerning habitus, social fields, capital and lifestyles, and studied whether there are any divergences in attitudes between the groups.Main results: My findings are that the focus groups as well as iPod can be put into Bourdieu´s model. According to the responses from the people in the focus groups, the attitude and usage of iPod do not mirror people?s social class or background, which goes against Bourdieu´s? theory.

The study is a qualitative textual analysis comparing how two newspapers fromSmåland reacted to Nazi Germany during the interwar period. The purpose of the studyis to illustrate how newspapers' political orientation may influence its content. Theexamined material is limited to letters to the editor, editorials and columns. The twopapers are of different political orientations, Smålänningen is bourgeois andKronobergaren is social democratic. The theoretical basis is founded in Klas Åmarksperspective on Sweden's position in the war, the so-called small state realistic paradigmand the moral perspective, as well all Kosellecks theory about the written word.

The purpose with this essay is to study how students in elementary school are placed within the subject called ?svenska som andrasspråk?, or SVA. SVA is a subject specially designed to deal with the complications that students with a different native language encounter when trying to learn Swedish.  National school documents state that a student is to be offered SVA if he or she has a different native language than Swedish and if the headmaster decides it?s ?needed?. In this work I focus on the different factors which are involved in the headmasters decision whether a student should be in a SVA-class or a normal Swedish class.

The purpose of this Master?s thesis is to investigate how diversity takes shape in children?s picture books published in Sweden. Twelve picture books, which touch the aspect of diversity in the categories of gender, ages, culture, nation, ethnicities, language, class, sexuality and functional disorder, were chosen from the Swedish National Council for Cultural Affairs catalogue for youth and children?s books 2006. They have been analysed with the conception of ikonotext and with the theory of Pierre Macherey?s image in the mirror, of how literature reflects the reality of society.

The views on and the knowledge of the introduction of iron to Scandinavia have change by the history of archaeology. The results and discussions are put in the context of time and how that time is reflected in their work and texts. This limits that scholars put up to orientate themselves conceal the complex reality. The limits are changing all the time and is dependent of time and person..